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to him by Jacob. But he, after a brief reflection, said "peace to you" and kissed him. And so both were beheaded together. And then Herod, seeing that he pleased the Jews by the killing of Jacob, also attacked Peter, and having handed him over to bonds would have killed him, if he had not been miraculously released from his bonds by the intervention of an angel and brought out of the guard. But if these things are understood to be about the first bishop of Jerusalem, Jacob the brother of the Lord, it contradicts the historical account that in the 8th year of Nero, which was about the 30th year of his episcopate, he was killed with stones by the Jews and with a fuller's club, having been thrown down from the pinnacle, as Eusebius himself also set forth in the canon; but if it is about another, the account is sound. YEAR OF THE WORLD 5553 53 years from the divine incarnation From the 2nd book of Eusebius' Ecclesiastical History, concerning the blessed Paul and Jacob the brother of the Lord But Festus is sent by Nero as his successor, under whom Paul, having made his defense, is led as a prisoner to Rome. Aristarchus was with him, whom he also fittingly writes was his fellow prisoner in all his letters, having handed down the history in these things, noting that Paul spent a whole two years in Rome at liberty and preached the word of God without hindrance. The account holds that the apostle, having then made his defense, was sent again on the ministry of preaching, and having come to the same city a second time, 409 he was perfected by his martyrdom. In which, being held in bonds, he composes the second epistle to Timothy, at the same time indicating both his former defense and his imminent consummation. Accept then his testimony concerning these things. At my first defense, he says, no one stood with me, but all forsook me: may it not be charged against them. But the Lord stood with me and strengthened me, so that through me the message might be fully proclaimed and all the Gentiles might hear, and I was delivered from the lion's mouth. And through these words he clearly shows that previously, in order that the message might be fully proclaimed through him and all the Gentiles might hear, he was delivered from the lion's mouth, thereby, as it seems, addressing Nero because of his cruelty. Therefore he adds next something similar: "he will deliver me from the lion's mouth." For he saw his not-yet-imminent death; wherefore he also says "and the Lord will deliver me from the lion's mouth, from every evil work and will save me for his heavenly kingdom," signifying an immediate martyrdom, which he also more clearly foretells in the same scripture, saying: and the time of my departure is at hand. 2nd bishop of Jerusalem, Symeon, also Simon, son of Cleopas, for 23 years. Of the church of Alexandria after Mark the evangelist, the first bishop, Anianus, was ordained, who presided for 22 years. 6th of the Romans, Nero reigned for 13 years.

YEAR OF THE WORLD 5553 53 years from the divine incarnation Nero killed his own

mother Agrippina and his father's sister. In Rome a great earthquake occurred. 410 Nero won by playing the cithara in Rome. A thunderbolt fell on Nero's table. Many fires occurred in Rome, and three cities of Asia fell, Laodicea, Hierapolis, and Colossae. The remaining 5 of the Jews, of the foreigner Agrippa II years Festus, successor of Felix, was sent by Nero, before whom the divine Paul, with Agrippa king of the Jews also present, made his defense and is sent as a prisoner to Rome. Albinus succeeded Festus. Gessius Florus succeeded Albinus. The Jews revolted from the Romans under Gessius Florus because of his immoderate greed. Against whom Nero, greatly angered at Judea, sent Vespasian as commander. It should be noted from the apostolic sayings that the divine Paul appeared before Caesar in Rome a second time. and the first time Nero, being somehow more mildly disposed toward the Christian doctrine, having heard his defense

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αὐτῷ ὑπὸ τοῦ Ἰακώβου. ὁ δὲ ὀλίγα σκεψάμενος «εἰρήνη σοι» εἶπε καὶ κατεφίλησεν αὐτόν. καὶ οὕτως ἀμφότεροι ὁμοῦ ἐκαρατομή θησαν. καὶ τότε ἰδὼν Ἡρώδης ἐπὶ τῇ τοῦ Ἰακώβου ἀναιρέσει ἀρέσαντα Ἰουδαίοις ἐπιτίθεται καὶ Πέτρῳ, δεσμοῖς τε αὐτὸν παραδοὺς ἀνεῖλεν ἄν, εἰ μὴ παραδόξως ἀγγέλου ἐπιστασίᾳ τῶν δεσμῶν λυθεὶς καὶ τῆς φρουρᾶς ἐξηνέχθη. Ἀλλ' εἰ μὲν περὶ τοῦ πρώτου ἐπισκόπου Ἱεροσολύμων ταῦτα νοεῖται Ἰακώβου τοῦ ἀδελφοθέου, ἀντιπίπτει τῷ ἱστοροῦντι λόγῳ κατὰ τὸ ηʹ ἔτος Νέρωνος, ὅπερ ἦν τῆς αὐτοῦ ἐπισκοπῆς ἔτος που λʹ, λίθοις ὑπὸ Ἰου δαίων καὶ γναφικῷ ξύλῳ ἀναιρεθῆναι, ἀπὸ τοῦ πτερυγίου καταβληθέντα, ὡς καὶ αὐτὸς Εὐσέβιος ἐν τῷ κανόνι παρέθετο· εἰ δὲ περὶ ἄλλου, ὑγιὴς ὁ λόγος. ΚΟΣΜΟΥ ΕΤΗ ΕΦΝΓ Τῆς θείας σαρκώσεως ἔτη νγʹ Εὐσεβίου ἐκ τοῦ βʹ λόγου τῆς ἐκκλησιαστικῆς ἱστορίας περὶ τῶν κατὰ τὸν μακάριον Παῦλον καὶ Ἰάκωβον τὸν ἀδελφόθεον Τούτου δὲ Φίστος διάδοχος ὑπὸ Νέρωνος πέμπεται, καθ' ὃν δικαιολο γησάμενος ὁ Παῦλος δέσμιος ἐπὶ Ῥώμην ἄγεται. Ἀρίσταρχος αὐτῷ συνῆν, ὃν καὶ εἰκότως συναιχμάλωτον πάντων ἐπιστολῶν γράφει παραδοὺς ἐν τούτοις καταλῦσαι τὴν ἱστορίαν, διετίαν ὅλην ἐπὶ τῆς Ῥώμης τὸν Παῦλον ἄνετον διατρῖψαι καὶ τὸν τοῦ θεοῦ λόγον ἀκωλύτως κηρῦξαι ἐπισημηνάμε νος. τότε μὲν οὖν ἀπολογησάμενον αὖθις ἐπὶ τὴν τοῦ κηρύγματος διακονίαν λόγος ἔχει στείλασθαι τὸν ἀπόστολον, δεύτερον δὲ ἐπιβάντα τῇ αὐτῇ πόλει 409 τῷ κατ' αὐτὸν τελειωθῆναι μαρτυρίῳ. ἐν ᾧ δεσμοῖς ἐχόμενος τὴν πρὸς Τιμόθεον δευτέραν ἐπιστολὴν συντάττει, ὁμοῦ σημαίνων τὴν προτέραν αὐτῷ γενομένην ἀπολογίαν καὶ τὴν παρὰ πόδας τελείωσιν. δέχου δὴ περὶ τούτων τὰς αὐτοῦ μαρτυρίας. Ἐν τῇ πρώτῃ μου, φησίν, ἀπολογίᾳ οὐδείς μοι συμπαρεγένετο, ἀλλὰ πάντες με ἐγκατέλιπον· μὴ αὐτοῖς λογισθείη. ὁ δὲ κύριός μοι παρέστη καὶ ἐνεδυνάμωσέ με, ἵνα δι' ἐμοῦ τὸ κήρυγμα πληροφορηθῇ καὶ ἀκούσωσι πάν τα τὰ ἔθνη, καὶ ἐρρύσθην ἐκ στόματος λέοντος. Σαφῶς δὲ παρίστησι διὰ τούτων ὅτι δὴ τὸ πρότερον, ὡς ἂν τὸ κήρυγμα δι' αὐτοῦ πληροφορηθῇ καὶ ἀκούσωσι πάντα τὰ ἔθνη, ἐρρύσθη ἐκ στό ματος λέοντος, τὸν Νέρωνα ταύτῃ, ὡς ἔοικε, διὰ τὸ ὠμόθυμον προσειπών. οὐκοῦν ἑξῆς προστέθεικε παραπλήσιόν τι τό «ῥύσεταί με ἐκ στόματος λέοντος.» ἑώρα γὰρ τὴν οὔπω μέλλουσαν αὐτοῦ τελευτήν· διὸ καί φησι «καὶ ῥύσεταί με ἐκ στόματος λέοντος ὁ κύριος ἀπὸ παντὸς ἔργου πονηροῦ καὶ σώσει εἰς τὴν βασιλείαν αὐτοῦ τὴν ἐπουράνιον», σημαίνων παραυτίκα μαρ τύριον, ὃ καὶ σαφέστερον ἐν τῇ αὐτῇ προλέγει γραφῇ φάσκων· καὶ ὁ και ρὸς τῆς ἀναλύσεώς μου ἐφέστηκεν. Ἱεροσολύμων βʹ ἐπίσκοπος Συμεών, ὁ καὶ Σίμων, υἱὸς τοῦ Κλεόπα ἔτη κγʹ. Τῆς Ἀλεξανδρέων ἐκκλησίας μετὰ Μάρκον τὸν εὐαγγελιστὴν πρῶτος ἐπίσκοπος Ἀνιανὸς ἐχειροτονήθη, ὃς προέστη ἔτη κβʹ. Ῥωμαίων ςʹ ἐβασίλευσε Νέρων ἔτη ιγʹ.

ΚΟΣΜΟΥ ΕΤΗ ΕΦΝΓ Τῆς θείας σαρκώσεως ἔτη νγʹ Νέρων ἀνεῖλε τὴν ἑαυτοῦ

μητέρα Ἀγριππίναν καὶ τὴν τοῦ πατρὸς ἀδελ φήν. Ἐν Ῥώμῃ σεισμὸς μέγας ἐγένετο. 410 Νέρων ἐπὶ Ῥώμης κιθαρίζων ἐνίκησε. Κατὰ τῆς Νέρωνος τραπέζης κεραυνὸς ἔπεσεν. Ἐμπρησμοὶ γεγόνασι πολλοὶ ἐν Ῥώμῃ, πόλεις τε τῆς Ἀσίας κατέπεσον τρεῖς, Λαοδίκεια, Ἱεράπολις καὶ Κολοσσαί. Τὰ ὑπόλοιπα Ἰουδαίων εʹ ἀλλοφύλου Ἀγρίππα βʹ ἔτη Φίστος διάδοχος Φίλικος ὑπὸ Νέρωνος ἐπέμφθη, ἐφ' οὗ ὁ θεῖος Παῦλος, παρόντος καὶ Ἀγρίππα τοῦ βασιλέως Ἰουδαίων, ἀπολογησάμενος δέσμιος εἰς Ῥώμην ἐκπέμπεται. Φίστον Ἀλβῖνος διεδέξατο. Ἀλβῖνον Γέστιος Φλῶρος διεδέξατο. Ἰουδαῖοι Ῥωμαίων ἀπέστησαν ἐπὶ Γεστίου Φλώρου διὰ πλεονεξίαν αὐτοῦ ἄμετρον. ἐφ' οὓς ὁ Νέρων Οὐεσπασιανὸν ἐξέπεμψε στρατοπεδάρχην πολλὰ τῆς Ἰουδαίας ἀγανακτησάμενος. Σημειωτέον ἐκ τῶν ἀποστολικῶν ῥητῶν ὅτι δεύτερον ὁ θεῖος Παῦλος παρέστη τῷ Καίσαρι ἐν Ῥώμῃ. καὶ τὸ μὲν πρῶτον ὁ Νέρων ἠπιώτερόν πως διακείμενος κατὰ τοῦ Χριστιανῶν δόγματος, ἀκούσας αὐτοῦ τὴν ἀπο λογίαν