Origen of Alexandria, Against Celsus

The belief, then, in Antinous,488 [See vol. ii. p. 185, and the stinging reference of Justin, vol. i. p. 172, this series.] or any other such person, whether among the Egyptians or the Greeks, is, so to speak, unfortunate; while the belief in Jesus would seem to be either a fortunate one, or the result of thorough investigation, having the appearance of the former to the multitude, and of the latter to exceedingly few.489 περι δὲ τοῦ ᾽Ιησοῦ ἤτοι δόξασα ἂν εἶναι εὐτυχὴς, ἢ καὶ βεβασανισμένως ἐξητασμένη, δοκοῦσα μὲν εὐτυχὴς παρὰ τοῖς πολλοῖς, βεβασανισμένως δὲ ἐξητασμένη παρὰ πάνυ ὀλιγωτάτοιβ. And when I speak of a certain belief being, as the multitude would call it, unfortunate, I in such a case refer the cause to God, who knows the reasons of the various fates allotted to each one who enters human life. The Greeks, moreover, will admit that even amongst those who are considered to be most largely endowed with wisdom, good fortune has had much to do, as in the choice of teachers of one kind rather than another, and in meeting with a better class of instructors (there being teachers who taught the most opposite doctrines), and in being brought up in better circumstances; for the bringing up of many has been amid surroundings of such a kind, that they were prevented from ever receiving any idea of better things, but constantly passed their life, from their earliest youth, either as the favourites of licentious men or of tyrants, or in some other wretched condition which forbade the soul to look upwards. And the causes of these varied fortunes, according to all probability, are to be found in the reasons of providence, though it is not easy for men to ascertain these; but I have said what I have done by way of digression from the main body of my subject, on account of the proverb, that “such is the power of faith, because it seizes that which first presents itself.”490 τοσοῦτον ποιεῖ πίστις, ὁποία δὴ προκατασχοῦσα. For it was necessary, owing to the different methods of education, to speak of the differences of belief among men, some of whom are more, others less fortunate in their belief; and from this to proceed to show that what is termed good or bad fortune would appear to contribute even in the case of the most talented, to their appearing to be more fully endowed with reason and to give their assent on grounds of reason to the majority of human opinions. But enough on these points.

Περὶ μὲν οὖν τοῦ Ἀντινόου ἤ τινος ἄλλου τοιούτου, εἴτε παρ' Αἰγυπτίοις εἴτε παρ' Ἕλλησι, πίστις ἐστίν, ἵν' οὕτως ὀνομάσω, ἀτυχής· περὶ δὲ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ ἤτοι δόξασα ἂν εἶναι εὐτυχὴς ἢ καὶ βεβασανισμένως ἐξητασμένη, δοκοῦσα μὲν εὐτυχὴς παρὰ τοῖς πολλοῖς βεβασανισμένως δὲ ἐξητασ μένη παρὰ πάνυ ὀλιγωτάτοις. Κἂν λέγω δέ τινα πίστιν εἶναι, ὡς ἂν οἱ πολλοὶ ὀνομάσαιεν, εὐτυχῆ, καὶ περὶ ταύτης ἀναφέρω τὸν λόγον ἐπὶ τὸν εἰδότα θεὸν τὰς αἰτίας τῶν ἑκάστῳ μεμερισμένων ἐπιδημοῦντι τῷ βίῳ τῶν ἀνθρώπων. Καὶ Ἕλληνες δὲ φήσουσι καὶ ἐν τοῖς νομιζομένοις εἶναι σοφωτάτοις κατὰ πολλὰ τὴν εὐτυχίαν εἶναι αἰτίαν, οἷον περὶ διδασκάλων τοιῶνδε καὶ τοῦ περιπεσεῖν τοῖς κρείττοσιν, ὄντων καὶ τῶν τὰς ἐναντίας αἱρέσεις διδασκόντων, καὶ περὶ ἀνατροφῆς τῆς ἐν βελτίοσι. Πολλοῖς γὰρ καὶ τὰ τῆς ἀνατροφῆς ἐν τοιούτοις γεγένηται, ὡς μηδὲ φαντασίαν ἐπιτραπῆναι τῶν κρειττόνων λαβεῖν ἀλλ' ἀεὶ καὶ ἐκ πρώτης ἡλικίας ἤτοι ἐν παιδικοῖς εἶναι ἀκολάστων ἀνδρῶν ἢ δεσποτῶν ἢ ἐν ἄλλῃ τινὶ κωλυούσῃ ἀναβλέπειν τὴν ψυχὴν κακοδαιμονίᾳ. Τὰς δὲ περὶ τούτων αἰτίας πάντως μὲν εἰκὸς εἶναι ἐν τοῖς τῆς προνοίας λόγοις, πίπτειν δὲ αὐτὰς εἰς ἀνθρώπους οὐκ εὐχερές. Ἔδοξε δέ μοι ταῦτα διὰ μέσου ἐν παρεκβάσει εἰρηκέναι διὰ τὸ τοσοῦτόν τι ποιεῖ πίστις ὁποία δὴ προκα τασχοῦσα. Ἐχρῆν γὰρ διὰ τὰς διαφόρους ἀνατροφὰς εἰπεῖν διαφορὰς τῶν ἐν ἀνθρώποις πίστεων, εὐτυχέστερον ἢ ἀτυχέστερον πιστεύουσι· καὶ ἐκ τούτου ἀναβῆναι ὅτι δόξαι ἂν καὶ τοῖς ἐντρεχεστέροις εἰς αὐτὸ τὸ δοκεῖν εἶναι λογικωτέροις καὶ λογικώτερον προστίθεσθαι τὰ πολλὰ δόγμασιν ἡ ὀνομαζομένη εὐτυχία καὶ ἡ λεγομένη ἀτυχία συνεργεῖν. Ἀλλὰ γὰρ περὶ τούτων ἅλις.