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With good reason. For if, while walking on the earth which is customary and familiar to us, and being clothed in a body, whenever we travel a strange road, we do not know which way to go, unless we have someone to lead us by the hand; how will the soul, rent from the body, and having departed from all that is customary, know where it must walk without one to guide it? And from many other quarters one might see that it is not possible for a soul that has departed to remain here. For even Stephen says, 'Receive my spirit;' and Paul, 'To depart and be with Christ is far better.' And concerning the patriarch Scripture says, 'And he was gathered to his fathers, having been nourished in a good 57.354 old age.' But that not even the souls of sinners can remain here, hear the rich man pleading much for this, and not obtaining it; for if it were possible, he himself would have come and reported what had happened there. From this it is clear that after their departure from here, souls are led away to a certain country, no longer having power to return, but awaiting that fearful day. But if someone should say, 'And for what reason did Christ do what the demons requested, permitting them to go into the herd of swine?' we would say this, that He did not do this in obedience to them, but arranging many things from it: one, to teach those who had been delivered from those evil tyrants the magnitude of the ruin of those who plotted against them; another, so that all might learn that they do not dare to attack even swine, unless He Himself should permit it; a third, that they would have done worse things to those men than to the swine, if they had not, even in their misfortune, enjoyed much of the providence of God. For that they hate us more than the irrational animals is surely clear to everyone. So that those who did not spare the swine, but in the twinkling of an eye cast them all down the cliff, would much more have done these things to the men whom they possessed, leading and driving them into the wilderness, if there had not been, even in that tyranny, the great care of God, restraining and checking their further rush. From this it is clear that there is no one who does not enjoy the providence of God. And if not all in the same way, nor in one manner, this too is a very great form of providence. For providence is also shown according to what is profitable for each one. And in addition to what has been said, we learn another thing from this, that He provides not only for all in common, but also for each one individually; which He also declared in the case of the disciples, saying, 'But even the hairs of your head are all numbered.' And from these demoniacs one might see this clearly, who would long ago have been choked to death, if they had not enjoyed much care from above. For these reasons, then, He permitted them to go into the herd of swine, and so that those who inhabited those regions might learn His power. For where His name is great, He did not display it exceedingly; but where no one knew Him, but they were still disposed insensibly, He made His miracles shine forth, so as to draw them to the knowledge of God. For that those who inhabited that city were insensible is clear from the end. For when they ought to have worshipped and marveled at His power, they sent Him away, and 'besought Him to depart from their coasts.' But for what reason did the demons destroy the swine? Everywhere they have been eager to cast men into despondency, and everywhere they rejoice in destruction. This, at least, the devil also did in the case of Job; and yet even there God permitted it; but not even there obeying the devil, but wishing to show His servant to be more illustrious, and to cut off every pretext of shamelessness for the demon, and to turn back upon his own head the things done against the righteous man. Since now also the contrary of what these wished has happened. For the power of Christ was brilliantly proclaimed, 57.355 and the wickedness of the demons, from which He delivered those possessed by them, was more clearly shown, and that they are not masters even to touch swine, without the permission of the God of all. 4. But if anyone should also take these things in an anagogical sense, there is nothing to prevent it. For this is the history; but it is necessary

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εἰκότως. Εἰ γὰρ ἐν γῇ βαδίζοντες τῇ συνήθει καὶ γνωρίμῳ, καὶ σῶμα περικείμενοι, ὅταν ξένην ὁδεύωμεν ὁδὸν, ποίαν ἐλθεῖν οὐκ ἴσμεν, ἂν μὴ τὸν χειραγωγοῦντα ἔχωμεν· πῶς ἡ τοῦ σώματος ἀποῤῥαγεῖσα ψυχὴ, καὶ τῆς συνηθείας ἐξελθοῦσα πάσης, εἴσεται ποῦ δεῖ βαδίζειν ἄνευ τοῦ καθοδηγοῦντος αὐτήν; Καὶ πολλαχόθεν δὲ ἑτέρωθεν ἄν τις κατίδοι, ὅτι οὐκ ἔνι ψυχὴν ἐξελθοῦσαν ἐνταῦθα μεῖναι. Καὶ γὰρ ὁ Στέφανός φησι· ∆έξαι τὸ πνεῦμά μου· καὶ ὁ Παῦλος, Τὸ ἀναλῦσαι καὶ σὺν Χριστῷ εἶναι πολλῷ μᾶλλον κρεῖττον. Καὶ περὶ τοῦ πατριάρχου δέ φησιν ἡ Γραφή· Καὶ προσετέθη πρὸς τοὺς πατέρας αὐτοῦ, τραφεὶς ἐν γήρει 57.354 καλῷ. Ὅτι δὲ οὐδὲ αἱ τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν ψυχαὶ διατρίβειν ἐνταῦθα δύνανται, ἄκουσον τοῦ πλουσίου πολλὰ ὑπὲρ τούτου παρακαλοῦντος, καὶ οὐκ ἐπιτυγχάνοντος· ὡς εἴγε ἦν δυνατὸν, αὐτὸς ἂν ἦλθε, καὶ ἀνήγγειλε τὰ ἐκεῖ γεγενημένα. Ὅθεν δῆλον, ὅτι μετὰ τὴν ἐντεῦθεν ἀποδημίαν εἰς χώραν τινὰ ἀπάγονται αἱ ψυχαὶ, οὐκέτι κύριαι οὖσαι ἐπανελθεῖν, ἀλλὰ τὴν φοβερὰν ἐκείνην ἡμέραν ἀναμένουσαι. Εἰ δὲ λέγοι τις, Καὶ τίνος ἕνεκεν ὅπερ ἠξίωσαν οἱ δαίμονες ἐποίησεν ὁ Χριστὸς, εἰς τὴν ἀγέλην τῶν χοίρων ἐπιτρέψας αὐτοῖς ἀπελθεῖν; ἐκεῖνο ἂν εἴποιμεν, ὅτι οὐκ ἐκείνοις πειθόμενος τοῦτο ἐποίησεν, ἀλλὰ πολλὰ ἐντεῦθεν οἰκονομῶν· ἓν μὲν, τὸ διδάξαι τοὺς ἀπαλλαγέντας τῶν πονηρῶν τυράννων ἐκείνων τὸ μέγεθος τῆς λύμης τῶν ἐπιβουλευόντων αὐτοῖς· ἕτερον δὲ, ἵνα μάθωσι πάντες, ὅτι οὐδὲ χοίρων κατατολμῶσιν, εἰ μὴ αὐτὸς συγχωρήσειε· τρίτον, ὅτι χαλεπώτερα τῶν χοίρων ἐκείνους ἂν εἰργάσαντο, εἰ μὴ καὶ ἐν τῇ συμφορᾷ πολλῆς ἀπέλαυον τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ προνοίας. Ὅτι γὰρ ἡμᾶς τῶν ἀλόγων μᾶλλον μισοῦσι, παντί που δῆλόν ἐστιν. Ὥστε οἱ τῶν χοίρων μὴ φειδόμενοι, ἀλλ' ἐν μιᾷ καιροῦ ῥοπῇ πάντας αὐτοὺς κατακρημνίσαντες, πολλῷ μᾶλλον ἂν τοὺς ἀνθρώπους ταῦτα εἰργάσαντο, οὓς εἶχον, ἐπ' ἐρημίας ἄγοντες καὶ ἀπάγοντες, εἰ μὴ καὶ ἐν αὐτῇ τῇ τυραννίδι πολλὴ ἦν ἡ τοῦ Θεοῦ κηδεμονία, χαλινοῦσα καὶ ἐπέχουσα τὴν περαιτέρω ῥύμην αὐτῶν. Ὅθεν δῆλον, ὅτι οὐκ ἔστιν οὐδεὶς, ὃς οὐκ ἀπολαύει τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ προνοίας. Εἰ δὲ μὴ πάντες ὁμοίως, μηδὲ καθ' ἕνα τρόπον, καὶ τοῦτο προνοίας μέγιστον εἶδός ἐστι. Πρὸς γὰρ τὸ ἑκάστῳ λυσιτελοῦν καὶ τὸ τῆς προνοίας ἐπιδείκνυται. Πρὸς δὲ τοῖς εἰρημένοις καὶ ἕτερον ἐκ τούτου μανθάνομεν, ὅτιπερ οὐ κοινῇ πάντων προνοεῖ μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἰδίᾳ ἑκάστου· ὁ καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν μαθητῶν ἐδήλωσεν εἰπών· Ὑμῶν δὲ καὶ αἱ τρίχες τῆς κεφαλῆς ἠριθμημέναι εἰσί. Καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν δαιμονώντων δὲ τούτων ἄν τις τοῦτο κατίδοι σαφῶς, οἳ πάλαι ἂν ἀπεπνίγησαν, εἰ μὴ πολλῆς τῆς ἄνωθεν κηδεμονίας ἀπέλαυον. ∆ιὰ δὴ ταῦτα ἐπέτρεψεν ἀπελθεῖν εἰς τὴν ἀγέλην τῶν χοίρων, καὶ ἵνα καὶ οἱ τὰ χωρία οἰκοῦντες ἐκεῖνα μάθωσιν αὐτοῦ τὴν δύναμιν. Ἔνθα μὲν γὰρ πολὺ τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ ἐστιν, οὐ σφόδρα ἐπεδείκνυτο· ἔνθα δὲ μηδεὶς αὐτὸν οἶδεν, ἀλλ' ἔτι ἀναισθήτως διάκεινται, ἐκλάμπειν ἐποίει τὰ θαύματα, ὥστε αὐτοὺς εἰς τὴν αὐτοῦ θεογνωσίαν ἐπισπάσασθαι. Ὅτι γὰρ ἀναίσθητοί τινες ἦσαν οἱ τὴν πόλιν ἐκείνην οἰκοῦντες, δῆλον ἀπὸ τοῦ τέλους. ∆έον γὰρ αὐτοὺς προσκυνῆσαι καὶ θαυμάσαι τὴν δύναμιν, οἱ δὲ ἀπέπεμπον, Καὶ παρεκάλουν ἀπελθεῖν ἀπὸ τῶν ὁρίων αὐτῶν. Ἀλλὰ τίνος ἕνεκεν ἀνεῖλον τοὺς χοίρους οἱ δαίμονες; Πανταχοῦ τοὺς ἀνθρώπους εἰς ἀθυμίαν ἐμβάλλειν ἐσπουδάκασι, καὶ πανταχοῦ χαίρουσι τῇ ἀπωλείᾳ. Τοῦτο γοῦν καὶ ὁ διάβολος ἐπὶ τοῦ Ἰὼβ ἐποίησε· καίτοι καὶ ἐκεῖ ὁ Θεὸς ἐπέτρεψεν· ἀλλ' οὐδὲ ἐκεῖ πειθόμενος τῷ διαβόλῳ, ἀλλὰ τὸν αὐτοῦ θεράποντα θέλων ἀποφῆναι λαμπρότερον, καὶ τῷ δαίμονι πᾶσαν ἀναισχυντίας ἐκκόπτων πρόφασιν, καὶ εἰς τὴν αὐτοῦ περιτρέπων κεφαλὴν τὰ κατὰ τοῦ δικαίου γινόμενα. Ἐπεὶ καὶ νῦν τοὐναντίον, ἤπερ ἤθελον οὗτοι, γέγονε. Καὶ γὰρ ἡ τοῦ Χριστοῦ δύναμις λαμπρῶς ἀνεκηρύττετο, 57.355 καὶ ἡ πονηρία τῶν δαιμόνων, ἧς ἀπήλλαξε τοὺς ὑπ' αὐτῶν κατεχομένους, σαφέστερον διεδείκνυτο, καὶ ὅτι οὐδὲ χοίρων εἰσὶν ἅπτεσθαι κύριοι, μὴ τοῦ τῶν ὅλων ἐπιτρέποντος Θεοῦ. δʹ. Εἰ δέ τις καὶ κατὰ ἀναγωγὴν ταῦτα ἐκλάβοι, τὸ κωλύον οὐδέν. Ἡ μὲν γὰρ ἱστορία αὕτη· δεῖ δὲ