196

YEARS OF THE WORLD 5700 YEARS OF THE WORLD 5701 In the 201st year of the divine incarnation, the 18th Roman emperor to reign was Antoninus, surnamed Caracalla, son of Severus, for 7 years with his brother Geta, whom he also killed, having become more murderous than Commodus and unjustly killing many. He, having come to Alexandria, destroyed its prominent men with a great multitude because of a popular sedition, being insatiable for blood and never having done anything worthy of note. The same man, having attempted to make war on Artabanus, king of the Persians, was treacherously killed near Carae and Edessa. These are cities of Osroene. But Macrinus, his son who was with him, succeeded to the rule, having ruled for 1 year and 6 months, according to some, appearing good and diligent in all things, but especially in military matters, and having kept his subjects unmolested. for which reason some of the soldiers of the east conspired against him. They proclaimed Antoninus Aurelius of Edessa emperor. Macrinus, having attempted to fight him, was defeated, and fleeing around Byzantium, was carried about as a prisoner and was killed. The 18th Roman emperor to reign was Macrinus, for 1 year, and as others say, also 6 months. He was slain in Archelais.

437 YEARS OF THE WORLD 5710 At the Circensian Hephaestian games, the amphitheater in Rome was burned.

The 15th bishop of the Romans was Zephyrinus, for 19 years. The 8th bishop of Antioch was Serapion, for 25 years. The 9th bishop of Antioch was Asclepiades, for 9 years. The 12th bishop of Alexandria was Demetrius, for 43 years. The 32nd bishop of Jerusalem was Dius, for 8 years. The 33rd bishop of Jerusalem was Germanion, for 4 years.

YEARS OF THE WORLD 5710 In the 210th year of the divine incarnation, the 19th Roman emperor to reign was

Antoninus Aurelius, for 4 years. Antoninus Aurelius of Edessa reigned after Macrinus for 4 years, a man completely effeminate, turned to a womanish character, adorning himself and doing the work of women, and exceedingly murderous; wherefore he was also speared by soldiers and miserably killed along with his mother. After him reigned Alexander, the son of Mammaea, his nephew, born in Arcae of coastal Phoenicia, being guided by the opinion of Ulpian the lawgiver, who strongly adhered to military discipline. wherefore he was also killed by soldiers while the emperor watched. But a certain Uranius in Edessa of Osroene, having been proclaimed emperor and having ruled tyrannically against Alexander, was destroyed by him, at which time Alexander also drove out the Persians who had overrun Cappadocia and were besieging Nisibis. But having returned to Rome he was killed with his mother Mammaea by a military tumult. And a certain Maximus, a Mysian by race, general of Celtic troops, was proclaimed emperor of the Romans by the armies, having held the rule of the Romans for 3 years. 438 The 16th bishop of the Romans was Callistus, for 8 years. The 9th bishop of Antioch was Asclepiades, for 9 years. The 34th bishop of Jerusalem was Gordian, for 5 years.

YEARS OF THE WORLD 5715 In the 215th year of the divine incarnation, the 20th Roman emperor to reign was

Alexander the son of Mammaea, for 13 years. Hippolytus, the holy philosopher, bishop of Portus near Rome, flourished very illustriously in the philosophy according to Christ, composing very many soul-profiting commentaries. For on the Hexaemeron and on the things after the Hexaemeron, on many of the prophets, especially Ezekiel and Daniel the great ones, moreover on the Songs and on other various old and new scriptures, among which also on the Apocalypse of the Theologian on Patmos, against Marcion and the other heresies, and he set forth the sixteen-year Paschal canon, inscribing it to the 1st year of this Alexander, the son of Mammaea, and, to speak concisely, he became a divinely-speaking river of living streams for the church, putting on the martyr's crown near the

196

ΚΟΣΜΟΥ ΕΤΗ ΕΨ ΚΟΣΜΟΥ ΕΤΗ ΕΨΑ Τῆς θείας σαρκώσεως ἔτη σαʹ Ῥωμαίων ιηʹ ἐβασίλευσεν Ἀντωνῖνος ὁ ἐπικληθεὶς Καράκαλλος, υἱὸς ὢν Σευήρου, ἔτη ζʹ σὺν ἀδελφῷ Γέτᾳ, ὃν καὶ ἀνεῖλε, φονικώτερος γεγο νὼς Κομόδου καὶ πολλοὺς ἀνελὼν ἀδίκως. Οὗτος ἐλθὼν εἰς Ἀλεξάνδρειαν τὸ ταύτης ἐπίσημον σὺν πολλῷ πλήθει διέφθειρε διὰ στάσιν δημοτικήν, ἀκόρεστος ὢν αἱμάτων καὶ μηδέν ποτε πράξας ἀξιόλογον. Ὁ δ' αὐτὸς Ἀρταβάνῃ τῷ Περσῶν βασιλεῖ πολεμεῖν δοκιμάσας ἀναι ρεῖται δόλῳ πρὸς Καρίαις καὶ Ἐδέσσῃ. πόλεις δ' αὗται τῆς Ὀσροϊνῆς. Μακρῖνος δὲ τούτου παῖς συνὼν αὐτῷ διεδέξατο τὴν ἀρχήν, ἔτος αʹ ἄρξας καὶ μῆνας ςʹ, ὥς τινες, χρηστὸς καὶ περὶ πάντα σπουδαῖος φανείς, μάλιστα δὲ τὰ στρατιωτικά, τό τε ὑπήκοον φυλάξας ἀνεπηρέαστον. οὗ χάριν τινὲς τῶν τῆς ἑῴας στρατιωτῶν ἐπιβουλεύσαντες αὐτῷ. Ἀντωνῖνον Αὐρήλιον ἀνηγόρευσαν βασιλέα Ἐδεσσηνόν. τούτῳ πολεμῆσαι πειραθεὶς ὁ Μακρῖνος ἐλαττοῦται, καὶ φεύγων περὶ τὸ Βυζάντιον ὡς αἰχμάλωτος περιενεχθεὶς διεφθάρη. Ῥωμαίων ιηʹ ἐβασίλευσε Μακρῖνος ἔτος αʹ, ὡς δὲ ἄλλοι λέγουσι, καὶ μῆνας ςʹ. ἐσφάγη δὲ ἐν Ἀρχελαΐδι.

437 ΚΟΣΜΟΥ ΕΤΗ ΕΨΙ Κιρκισίοις Ἡφαιστίοις ἐκάη τὸ ἀμφιθέατρον ἐν Ῥώμῃ.

Ῥωμαίων ιεʹ ἐπίσκοπος Ζεφυρῖνος ἔτη ιθʹ. Ἀντιοχείας ηʹ ἐπίσκοπος Σεραπίων ἔτη κεʹ. Ἀντιοχείας θʹ ἐπίσκοπος Ἀσκληπιάδης ἔτη θʹ. Ἀλεξανδρείας ιβʹ ἐπίσκοπος ∆ημήτριος ἔτη μγʹ. Ἱεροσολύμων λβʹ ἐπίσκοπος ∆ῖος ἔτη ηʹ. Ἱεροσολύμων λγʹ ἐπίσκοπος Γερμανίων ἔτη δʹ.

ΚΟΣΜΟΥ ΕΤΗ ΕΨΙ Τῆς θείας σαρκώσεως ἔτη σιʹ Ῥωμαίων ιθʹ ἐβασίλευσεν

Ἀντωνῖνος Αὐρήλιος ἔτη δʹ. Ἀντωνῖνος Αὐρήλιος Ἐδεσσηνὸς μετὰ Μακρῖνον ἐβασίλευσεν ἔτη δʹ, ἀνὴρ θηλυδρίας ὅλος, ἐπὶ τὸ γυναικεῖον ἦθος τετραμμένος, κοσμούμενος καὶ ἐργαζόμενος τὰ γυναικῶν, φονικώτατος σφόδρα· διὸ καὶ ὑπὸ στρατιω τῶν ἀκοντισθεὶς ἀνῃρέθη κακῶς σὺν τῇ μητρί. μεθ' ὃν βασιλεύει Ἀλέξαν δρος ὁ Μαμμαίας υἱὸς ἀδελφιδοῦς αὐτοῦ, ἐν Ἀρκαῖς γῆς παράλου τεχθεὶς Φοινίκης, ὑπαγόμενος Οὐλπιανοῦ τοῦ νομοθέτου τῇ γνώμῃ, σφόδρα τῆς στρατιωτικῆς εὐταξίας ἀντεχομένου. διὸ καὶ ἀνῃρέθη τοῦ βασιλέως ὁρῶν τος ὑπὸ στρατιωτῶν. Οὐράνιος δέ τις ἐν Ἐδέσσῃ τῆς Ὀσροϊνῆς αὐτοκράτωρ ἀναγορευθεὶς καὶ κατὰ Ἀλεξάνδρου τυραννήσας διαφθείρεται ὑπ' αὐτοῦ, ἡνίκα καὶ Πέρσας καταδραμόντας Καππαδοκίαν καὶ Νίσιβιν πολιορκοῦν τας Ἀλέξανδρος ἐξώθησεν. ἀλλ' εἰς Ῥώμην ἐπανελθὼν ἀναιρεῖται σὺν τῇ μητρὶ Μαμμαίᾳ ὑπὸ στρατιωτικοῦ θορύβου. Μάξιμος δέ τις Μυσὸς τὸ γένος στρατηγὸς Κελτικῆς ὑπὸ τῶν στρατευμάτων βασιλεὺς Ῥωμαίων ἀνηγορεύθη, κρατήσας τῆς βασιλείας Ῥωμαίων ἔτη γʹ. 438 Ῥωμαίων ιςʹ ἐπίσκοπος Κάλλιστος ἔτη ηʹ. Ἀντιοχείας θʹ ἐπίσκοπος Ἀσκληπιάδης ἔτη θʹ. Ἱεροσολύμων λδʹ ἐπίσκοπος Γορδιανὸς ἔτη εʹ.

ΚΟΣΜΟΥ ΕΤΗ ΕΨΙΕ Τῆς θείας σαρκώσεως ἔτη σιεʹ Ῥωμαίων κʹ ἐβασίλευσεν

Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ Μαμμαίας υἱὸς ἔτη ιγʹ. Ἱππόλυτος ἱερὸς φιλόσοφος ἐπίσκοπος Πόρτου κατὰ τὴν Ῥώμην σφόδρα διαπρεπῶς ἤνθει ἐν τῇ κατὰ Χριστὸν φιλοσοφίᾳ, πλεῖστα ψυχωφελῆ συν τάττων ὑπομνήματα. εἴς τε γὰρ τὴν ἑξαήμερον καὶ εἰς τὰ μετὰ τὴν ἑξαήμε ρον, εἰς πολλά τε τῶν προφητῶν, μάλιστα Ἰεζεκιὴλ καὶ ∆ανιὴλ τῶν με γάλων, ἔτι μὴν εἰς τὰ ᾄσματα καὶ εἰς ἄλλας παντοίας παλαιὰς καὶ νέας γραφάς, ἐν οἷς καὶ εἰς τὴν ἐν Πάτμῳ τοῦ θεολόγου ἀποκάλυψιν πρὸς Μαρκίωνα καὶ τὰς λοιπὰς αἱρέσεις, καὶ τὸν ἑξκαιδεκαετηρικὸν τοῦ πάσχα κανόνα ἐξέθετο περιγράψας εἰς τὸ αʹ ἔτος Ἀλεξάνδρου τοῦ Μαμμαίας τούτου, καὶ συντόμως φάναι θεοφράδης ποταμὸς τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ ζώντων ναμάτων γέγονε, τὸν μαρτυρικὸν περιθέμενος στέφανον πρὸς τῷ