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them. For what could they say, or what reason could they put forward, for which they did not believe? But pay attention to what is being said, I entreat you, so that you may be able to silence those who contradict. For it is better for them to be defeated by us now and be corrected, than thinking they are victorious to depart to that place, and be condemned by the common judge of the world. What then could the Jews say, for what reason did they kill Christ? What small or great thing did they have to charge him with? "Because he made himself God," he says. And yet these were not the words at the time of the cross, but certain others. For they were not saying, "He who makes himself God," but, "He who makes himself a king is not a friend of Caesar." And yet many times they wanted to make him king by vote, and he fled. But before this, he says, they accused him, because he made himself God. And what of this? For if falsely and unjustly, and not being so, the accusation had reason; but if justly, he ought to have been worshiped, not crucified. Let us see then if not truly being God, he made himself God, that is, he showed and revealed it. From where then do you wish to learn? From the things of that time? From the things of now? From the things surrounding his birth? Who then was ever born of a virgin? Who showed such a star? Who led the magi such a long way, not by necessity and force, but by persuasion and revelation? Do you see all creation recognizing the Master? Nature is the first to yield, and does not contradict, nor does it resist, saying: "I do not loose the birth pangs; I have not learned to bring forth a child from a virgin womb; I do not know how to make a mother without marriage;" but it stood aside and yielded its own boundaries; for it recognized its own Master. When he was born, again, angels were present, announcing the one in heaven upon the earth, and the earth became heaven, since the king was here, and Magi worshiped, having arrived from so great a distance; and the child lay in a manger in Palestine, but those from the barbarian land brought such honor and service as is fitting to bring to God. But perhaps they will not accept these things, but will seek other signs, those according to the present generation. But neither will we be at a loss for these. For such is the truth; 55.246 it flows all around with justifications. For especially not even here do they have any shadow of contradiction to speak of. For even if you were not present when he was born of a virgin, you ought to have believed the prophet who said: "Behold, the virgin shall be with child, and shall bring forth a son; and they shall call his name Emmanuel." If you were not present, when clothed in flesh he walked about the earth, and the Master conversed with his servants, consult Jeremiah, and he will discourse with you, saying thus: "This is our God; no other shall be accounted of in comparison to him. He found out all the way of knowledge, and has given it unto Jacob his servant, and to Israel his beloved. After this he was seen upon earth, and conversed with men." 4. And concerning all other things you will see the prophets, whose books you idly turn over and trouble to this day, clearly proclaiming everything for the sake of this subject. But the contests against these have both been spoken of by us many times, and will be spoken of; but for now let us hold to the matters before us. And the heavens shall declare his righteousness, for God is judge. Here it seems to me he speaks of righteousness, his great care, his love for mankind toward those very ones, toward all men a certain multifaceted and multiform economy, that through creation, that through the law, that through grace, that through things seen, that through things unseen, that through the prophets, that through the angels, that through the apostles, that through punishments, that through benefactions, that through threats, that through promises, that through the order according to time. Hear, my people, and I will speak to you, O Israel, and

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αὐτούς. Τί γὰρ καὶ ἔχοιεν ἂν εἰπεῖν, ἢ ποίαν προβαλέσθαι αἰτίαν, δι' ἣν οὐκ ἐπίστευσαν; Ἀλλὰ προσέχετε τοῖς λεγομένοις, παρακαλῶ, ἵνα δύνησθε τοὺς ἀντιλέγοντας ἐπιστομίζειν. Βέλτιον γὰρ αὐτοὺς παρ' ἡμῶν ἡττηθέντας νῦν διορθωθῆναι, ἢ νομίζοντας νικᾷν ἀπελθεῖν ἐκεῖ, καὶ κατακριθῆναι παρὰ τοῦ κοινοῦ τῆς οἰκουμένης δικαστοῦ. Τί τοίνυν ἂν ἔχοιεν εἰπεῖν Ἰουδαῖοι, τίνος ἕνεκεν ἀνεῖλον τὸν Χριστόν; τί μικρὸν ἢ μέγα ἐγκαλεῖν ἔχοντες; Ὅτι ἐποίει ἑαυτὸν Θεὸν, φησί. Καὶ μὴν οὐ ταῦτα ἦν τὰ ῥήματα ἐν τῷ καιρῷ τοῦ σταυροῦ, ἀλλ' ἕτερά τινα. Οὐ γὰρ ἔλεγον, Ὁ ποιῶν ἑαυτὸν Θεὸν, ἀλλ', Ὁ ποιῶν ἑαυτὸν βασιλέα, οὐκ ἔστι φίλος τοῦ Καίσαρος. Καίτοι γε πολλάκις ἠθέλησαν αὐτὸν βασιλέα χειροτονῆσαι, καὶ ἔφυγεν. Ἀλλὰ πρὸ τούτου, φησὶν, ἐνεκάλουν, ὅτι ἐποίει ἑαυτὸν Θεόν. Καὶ τί τοῦτο; Εἰ μὲν γὰρ ψευδῶς καὶ ἀδίκως, καὶ οὐκ ὢν, λόγον τὸ ἔγκλημα εἶχε· εἰ δὲ δικαίως, προσκυνεῖσθαι αὐτὸν ἐχρῆν, οὐ σταυροῦσθαι. Ἴδωμεν τοίνυν εἰ μὴ Θεὸς ὢν ὄντως, ἐποίει ἑαυτὸν Θεὸν, τουτέστιν, ἐδείκνυ καὶ ἐπέφαινε. Πόθεν οὖν βούλει μαθεῖν; ἀπὸ τῶν τότε; ἀπὸ τῶν νῦν; ἀπὸ τῶν παρὰ τὸν τόκον; Τίς οὖν ὑπὸ παρθένου ποτὲ ἐτέχθη; τίς δὲ ἀστέρα ἔδειξε τοιοῦτον; τίς δὲ μάγους τοσαύτην ὁδὸν ἤγαγεν, οὐκ ἀνάγκῃ καὶ βίᾳ, ἀλλὰ πειθοῖ καὶ ἀποκαλύψει; Ὁρᾷς τὴν κτίσιν ἅπασαν ἐπιγνοῦσαν τὸν ∆εσπότην; Ἡ φύσις πρώτη παραχωρεῖ, καὶ οὐκ ἀντιλέγει, οὐδὲ ἀνθίσταται λέγουσα· Οὐ λύω τὰς ὠδῖνας· οὐκ ἔμαθον ἐκ μήτρας παρθενικῆς παιδίον προφέρειν· οὐκ οἶδα γάμου χωρὶς μητέρα ποιεῖν· ἀλλ' ἐξέστη καὶ παρεχώρησε τῶν οἰκείων ὅρων· τὸν γὰρ αὑτῆς ἐπέγνω ∆εσπότην. Τεχθέντος πάλιν, ἄγγελοι παρεγένοντο, τὸν ἐν οὐρανοῖς ἐπὶ γῆς μηνύοντες, καὶ οὐρανὸς ἐγίνετο ἡ γῆ, ἅτε τοῦ βασιλέως ἐνταῦθα ὄντος, καὶ Μάγοι προσεκύνουν, ἐκ τοσούτου διαστήματος ἀφικόμενοι· καὶ τὸ μὲν παιδίον ἐπὶ φάτνης ἔκειτο ἐν Παλαιστίνῃ, οἱ δὲ ἀπὸ τῆς βαρβάρου χώρας τοσαύτην τιμὴν καὶ θεραπείαν προσῆγον, ὅσην εἰκὸς Θεῷ προσάγειν. Ἀλλὰ ταῦτα μὲν ἴσως οὐ παραδέξονται, ἕτερα δὲ ἐπιζητήσουσι σημεῖα, τὰ κατὰ τὴν παροῦσαν γενεάν. Ἀλλ' οὐδὲ τούτων ἀπορήσομεν. Τοιοῦτον γὰρ ἡ ἀλήθεια· 55.246 περιῤῥεῖται τοῖς δικαιώμασι. Μάλιστα μὲν γὰρ οὐδὲ ἐνταῦθα ἔχουσί τινα ἀντιλογίας σκιὰν εἰπεῖν. Εἰ γὰρ καὶ μὴ παρῆς, ὅτε ἐκ παρθένου ἐτίκτετο, τῷ προφήτῃ πιστεύειν ἔδει τῷ λέγοντι· Ἰδοὺ ἡ παρθένος ἐν γαστρὶ ἕξει, καὶ τέξεται υἱόν· καὶ καλέσουσι τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ Ἐμμανουήλ. Εἰ μὴ παρῆς, ὅτε σάρκα περικείμενος περιεπόλει τὴν γῆν, καὶ συνανεστρέφετο τοῖς δούλοις ὁ ∆εσπότης, ἔντυχε τῷ Ἱερεμίᾳ, κἀκεῖνός σοι διαλέξεται οὕτω λέγων· Οὗτος ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν· οὐ λογισθήσεται ἕτερος πρὸς αὐτόν. Ἐξεῦρε πᾶσαν ὁδὸν ἐπιστήμης, καὶ ἔδωκεν αὐτὴν Ἰακὼβ τῷ παιδὶ αὐτοῦ, καὶ Ἰσραὴλ τῷ ἠγαπημένῳ ὑπ' αὐτοῦ. Μετὰ ταῦτα ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς ὤφθη, καὶ τοῖς ἀνθρώποις συνανεστράφη. δʹ. Καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν ἄλλων δὲ ἁπάντων ὄψει τοὺς προφήτας, ὧν τὰ βιβλία εἰκῆ μέχρι σήμερον περιστρέφεις καὶ ἐνοχλεῖς, ταύτης ἕνεκεν τῆς ὑποθέσεως σαφῶς ἀνακηρύττοντας ἅπαντα. Ἀλλ' οἱ μὲν πρὸς τούτους ἀγῶνες καὶ εἴρηνται πολλάκις ἡμῖν, καὶ ῥηθήσονται· τέως δὲ τῶν προκειμένων ἐχώμεθα. Καὶ ἀναγγελοῦσιν οἱ οὐρανοὶ τὴν δικαιοσύνην αὐτοῦ, ὅτι ὁ Θεὸς κριτής ἐστιν. Ἐνταῦθά μοι τὴν δικαιοσύνην λέγειν δοκεῖ, τὴν πολλὴν αὐτοῦ κηδεμονίαν, τὴν φιλανθρωπίαν τὴν εἰς αὐτοὺς ἐκείνους, τὴν εἰς πάντας ἀνθρώπους πολυειδῆ τινα οἰκονομίαν καὶ πολύτροπον, τὴν διὰ τῆς κτίσεως, τὴν διὰ τοῦ νόμου, τὴν διὰ τῆς χάριτος, τὴν διὰ τῶν ὁρωμένων, τὴν διὰ τῶν ἀοράτων, τὴν διὰ τῶν προφητῶν, τὴν διὰ τῶν ἀγγέλων, τὴν διὰ τῶν ἀποστόλων, τὴν διὰ τῶν κολάσεων, τὴν διὰ τῶν εὐεργεσιῶν, τὴν διὰ τῶν ἀπειλῶν, τὴν διὰ τῶν ἐπαγγελιῶν, τὴν διὰ τῆς τάξεως τῆς κατὰ τὸν χρόνον. Ἄκουσον, λαός μου, καὶ λαλήσω σοι, Ἰσραὴλ, καὶ