Georgius Syncellus, Chronographical Selection

the family descends. And they reigned thus: Artaxares, also known as Artaxerxes, 15 years; in the fourth year of the reign of Alexander, son of Mammaea. Sapor, 31 years. Hormisdas, 1 year. Uraranes, 3 years. Uraraces, 17 years. Uraranes, 1 year, another, the fourth. Narses, 8 years. Hormisdas, 8 years. Sabores, 70 years. To him Jovian gave Nisibis. Artaxer, 4 years. Sabor son of Artaxer, 5 years. Uraranes, 11 years. another Uraranes, 20 years. Isdigerdes, 21 years. Perozes, 24 years. Isdigerdes, 17 years. Cabades, 11 years, and he was driven out. Valas, 4 years. Cabades again, 30 years. Zamasphes, 4 years. Hormisdas, 15 years. Chosroes son of Cabades, 48 years. Chosroes the Great, who in the time of Heraclius was killed by Siroes his son, 39 years. 442 Siroes the son of Chosroes, 8 months. Adeser, 7 months. Sarbaraxas, 2 months. Borane the daughter of Chosroes, 7 months. Hormisdas who was driven out by the Saracens, 11 years.

YEAR OF THE WORLD 5728 In the year of the divine incarnation 228 the 21st emperor of the Romans reigned

Maximinus, 3 years. Maximinus instigated a persecution against the Christians. He was a certain tyrant and most savage, so as even to kill his own wife. He was miserably killed by the troops in Aquileia. Themistocles the philosopher flourished, to whom the Greeks fabulously say the Pythian testified, uttering this oracle: a noble man, honored by the blessed, fortu nate in life. Plotinus the philosopher, who wrote the Enneads, flourished. The 2nd king of the Persians, Sapor, reigned 31 years. The 18th bishop of Rome, Anteros, 1 month. The 19th bishop of Rome, Pontianus, 3 years. Some say that Pontianus was bishop of Rome before Anteros. The 11th bishop of Antioch, Zebennus, 6 years. The 13th bishop of Alexandria, Heraclas, 16 years. The 35th bishop of Jerusalem, Narcissus, 10 years. The 36th bishop of Jerusalem, Alexander the martyr, 15 years. Origen the foolish-minded moved from Alexandria to Caesarea of Palestine.

443 YEAR OF THE WORLD 5731 In the year of the divine incarnation 231 the 22nd of the Romans

Gordian reigned 6 years. He, having come from Italy to Parthia and having warred against Sapor the son of Artaxerxes, king of the Persians, routed him and subjected to the Romans Nisibis and Carrhae, which had been taken by the Persians under Maximinus the Mysian. But having come to Ctesiphon, he was killed by his own soldiers by the design of Philip the prefect, who reigned after him 5 years, but according to most, 7 years. The 20th bishop of Rome, Fabian the martyr, 13 years. The 12th bishop of Antioch, Babylas the martyr, 13 years. The 13th bishop of Alexandria, Heraclas, 16 years. The 36th bishop of Jerusalem, Alexander the martyr, 15 years.

YEAR OF THE WORLD 5737 In the year of the divine incarnation 237 the 23rd emperor of the Romans reigned

Philip, 7 years. Plotinus the philosopher, head of the Platonic school. Porphyry listened to him. Theopompus the philosopher flourished in Chaeronea. Nicator the sophist flourished in Athens. Philip was so added to the faith of Christ, that he readily confessed his sins and part 444 ook of the prayers in the church with the congregation on the night of the feast of Pascha. And from that time the divine word was proclaimed with more bold ness. Then also Origen the wretched, being in his sixtieth year, gave lectures to the multitude, which were taken down by stenographers. And he also wrote letters to Philip the em peror and to Severa his wife, the empress. At that time in Arabia some impiously taught the doctrine that the body is corrupted together with the soul at death and that they will come to life again toge ther at the resurrection; and a great synod was assembled against them. Furthermore, the so-called heresy of the Elkesaites arose, which completely rejects many things in the divine scriptures, but using certain say ings of the divine apostles

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κατάγεται γένος. ἐβασίλευσαν δὲ οὕτως· Ἀρταξάρης, ὁ καὶ Ἀρταξέρξης, ἔτη ιεʹ. τῷ τετάρτῳ ἔτει τῆς βασιλείας Ἀλεξάνδρου τοῦ Μαμμαίας. Σαπώρης ἔτη λαʹ. Ὁρμίσδας ἔτος αʹ. Οὐραράνης ἔτη γʹ. Οὐραράκης ἔτη ιζʹ. Οὐραράνης ἔτος αʹ, ἄλλος δʹ. Ναρσῆς ἔτη ηʹ. Ὁρμίσδας ἔτη ηʹ. Σαβώρης ἔτη οʹ. τούτῳ δέδωκεν Ἰοβιανὸς τὴν Νίσιβιν. Ἀρταξὴρ ἔτη δʹ. Σαβὼρ υἱὸς Ἀρταξὴρ ἔτη εʹ. Οὐραράνης ἔτη ιαʹ. Οὐραράνης ἄλλος ἔτη κʹ. Ἰσδιγέρδης ἔτη καʹ. Περόζης ἔτη κδʹ. Ἰσδιγέρδης ἔτη ιζʹ. Καβάδης ἔτη ιαʹ, καὶ ἐξεβλήθη. Οὐάλας ἔτη δʹ. Καβάδης πάλιν ἔτη λʹ. Ζαμάσπης ἔτη δʹ. Ὁρμίσδας ἔτη ιεʹ. Χοσρόης υἱὸς Καβάδου ἔτη μηʹ. Χοσρόης ὁ μέγας, ὁ ἐπὶ Ἡρακλείου ἀναιρεθεὶς ὑπὸ Σιρόου υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ, ἔτη λθʹ. 442 Σιρόης ὁ υἱὸς Χοσρόου μῆνας ηʹ. Ἀδεσὴρ μῆνας ζʹ. Σαρβαράξας μῆνας βʹ. Βοράνη ἡ θυγάτηρ Χοσρόου μῆνας ζʹ. Ὁρμίσδας ὁ διωχθεὶς ὑπὸ τῶν Σαρακηνῶν ἔτη ιαʹ.

ΚΟΣΜΟΥ ΕΤΗ ΕΨΚΗ Τῆς θείας σαρκώσεως ἔτη σκηʹ Ῥωμαίων καʹ ἐβασίλευσε

Μαξιμῖνος ἔτη γʹ. Μαξιμῖνος κατὰ Χριστιανῶν διωγμὸν ἐκίνησεν. Οὗτος τύραννός τις καὶ ἀγριώτατος ἦν, ὡς καὶ τὴν ἰδίαν γαμετὴν ἀνελεῖν. Οὗτος ἀνῃρέθη κακῶς ὑπὸ τῶν στρατευμάτων ἐν Ἀκυληίᾳ. Θεμιστοκλῆς φιλόσοφος ἤκμαζεν, ᾧ τὸν Πύθιον Ἕλληνες μαρτυρῆσαι μυθεύονται τόδε ἔπος ἀνειπόντα· ἐσθλὸς ἀνὴρ μακάρεσσι τετιμένος ὀλ βιοδαίμων. Πλωτῖνος φιλόσοφος ὁ τὰς ἐννεάδας γράψας ἤκμαζε. Περσῶν βʹ ἐβασίλευσε Σαπώρης ἔτη λαʹ. Ῥώμης ιηʹ ἐπίσκοπος Ἀντέρως μῆνα αʹ. Ῥώμης ιθʹ ἐπίσκοπος Ποντιανὸς ἔτη γʹ. τινὲς Ποντιανὸν πρὸ τοῦ Ἀντέρωτός φασιν ἐπισκοπῆσαι Ῥώμης. Ἀντιοχείας ιαʹ ἐπίσκοπος Ζέβεννος ἔτη ςʹ. Ἀλεξανδρείας ιγʹ ἐπίσκοπος Ἡρακλᾶς ἔτη ιςʹ. Ἱεροσολύμων λεʹ ἐπίσκοπος Νάρκισσος ἔτη ιʹ. Ἱεροσολύμων λςʹ ἐπίσκοπος Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ μάρτυς ἔτη ιεʹ. Ὠριγένης ὁ ματαιόφρων ἀπὸ Ἀλεξανδρείας εἰς Καισάρειαν Παλαιστίνης μετέστη.

443 ΚΟΣΜΟΥ ΕΤΗ ΕΨΛΑ Τῆς θείας σαρκώσεως ἔτη σλαʹ Ῥωμαίων κβʹ

ἐβασίλευσε Γορδιανὸς ἔτη ςʹ. Οὗτος ἐξ Ἰταλίας εἰς Πάρθους ἐλθὼν καὶ Σαπώρην τὸν Ἀρταξέρξου υἱὸν Περσῶν βασιλέα πολεμήσας ἐτρέψατο καὶ Νίσιβιν καὶ Κάρρας ἀρ θείσας ὑπὸ Περσῶν ἐπὶ Μαξιμίνου τοῦ Μυσοῦ Ῥωμαίοις ὑπέταξεν. ἀλλὰ πρὸς Κτησιφῶντα γενόμενος ἀναιρεῖται ὑπὸ τῶν οἰκείων στρατιωτῶν ὑπάρχου Φιλίππου γνώμῃ τοῦ μετ' αὐτὸν βασιλεύσαντος ἔτη εʹ, κατὰ δὲ τοὺς πολλοὺς ἔτη ζʹ. Ῥώμης κʹ ἐπίσκοπος Φαβιανὸς μάρτυς ἔτη ιγʹ. Ἀντιοχείας ιβʹ ἐπίσκοπος Βαβυλᾶς μάρτυς ἔτη ιγʹ. Ἀλεξανδρείας ιγʹ ἐπίσκοπος Ἡρακλᾶς ἔτη ιςʹ. Ἱεροσολύμων λςʹ ἐπίσκοπος Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ μάρτυς ἔτη ιεʹ.

ΚΟΣΜΟΥ ΕΤΗ ΕΨΛΖ Τῆς θείας σαρκώσεως ἔτη σλζʹ Ῥωμαίων κγʹ ἐβασίλευσε

Φίλιππος ἔτη ζʹ. Πλωτῖνος φιλόσοφος τῆς Πλατωνικῆς διατριβῆς καθηγούμενος. Τούτου Πορφύριος ἠκροάσατο. Θεόπομπος φιλόσοφος ἐν Χαιρωνείᾳ ἤκμαζε. Νικάτωρ ὁ σοφιστὴς Ἀθήνησιν ἤκμαζε. Φίλιππος τοσοῦτον προσετέθη τῇ πίστει Χριστοῦ, ὡς καὶ τὰ ἡμαρτη μένα προθύμως ἐξαγορεῦσαι καὶ τῶν ἐπὶ τῆς ἐκκλησίας εὐχῶν κοινω 444 νῆσαι τῷ πλήθει τῇ νυκτὶ τῆς ἑορτῆς τοῦ πάσχα. ἔνθεν τε πλέον παρρη σιασθῆναι τὸν θεῖον λόγον. Τότε καὶ Ὠριγένης ὁ ἄθλιος ἑξηκοστὸν ἄγων ἔτος διαλέξεις ἐποιεῖτο τῷ πλήθει ταχυγράφοις ἐκλαμβανομένας. ἐπέστελλε δὲ καὶ Φιλίππῳ τῷ βα σιλεῖ καὶ Σευήρᾳ τῇ τούτου γυναικὶ βασιλίδι. Τότε κατὰ τὴν Ἀραβίαν τινὲς ἐδογμάτιζον ἀσεβῶς συνδιαφθείρεσθαι τῇ ψυχῇ τὸ σῶμα κατὰ τὴν τελευτὴν καὶ ἐν τῇ ἀναστάσει πάλιν συνανα βιώσασθαι· σύνοδός τε κατ' αὐτῶν συνεκροτήθη μεγάλη. Ἔτι τε ἡ λεγομένη αἵρεσις τῶν Ἑλκεσαϊτῶν συνέστη, ἥτις πολλά τινα τῶν ἐν ταῖς θείαις γραφαῖς ἀθετεῖ τέλεον, δὲ τῶν θείων ἀποστόλων ῥη τοῖς τισι χρωμένη