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by the denial of the icon of each one, the one iconized is denied exactly, if both, archetype and icon, are the same in honor and in power. If this is so, as the God-bearers say, it is clear indeed both in confession and in denial. For has the life-giving cross not been denied when its type is spat upon? But it has been clearly denied; nor has it been rejected by the gainsaying of its icon? But it has been surely rejected. What does the Lord say? He who rejects you rejects me. And man is indeed an icon of God, and the art of His bodily form is a closer likeness than man is, inasmuch as there is a greater resemblance in the former to the prototype, Christ, than the imitation in the latter of the divinity which is dissimilar in all existing things, even if it is said to be made like in some possible way. Therefore the Lord himself has said, according to the consequence of the thought, in effect, he who rejects my icon rejects me; and it is not otherwise, even if it should not seem so to the Christ-deniers. Let the discourse stop here, not overleaping the measure of a letter; and may your holiness pray for my nothingness, refraining from encomiums about me, who has nothing good nor has done anything. But if our student, brother Hypatius, is to be praised by you, the credit is to the shoot, not to the root; for many well-formed shoots come from bad roots, and especially in matters of choice. 362 {1To Macarius the Abbot}1 The time of silence, galloping past, is sufficient; wherefore I thought it necessary to let out my voice, pitiful indeed, but yet loving, to your fatherly holiness. For who is closer to us than you in things pertaining to the Lord, splendid both in life and in word, and I would add, joined of old by the same suffering? But what do the present things seem to you, O best of fathers, if not the prelude to the coming of the Antichrist? Christ has been taken from our midst, in his depiction with his mother and servants, which is Judaism or Hellenism. Rulers are not shepherds but wolves, having all those under their hand like them, and, if a sheep of Christ is found anywhere, they hasten to make it a prey for wild beasts. Two of my former students, now godlessly shepherding, rage more fiercely than the others, some of their fellow students they devour by the snatching of heresy, and others they punish as no other of the punishers. And what need is there to recount? All things are confounded and have vanished, the present impieties being joined to the complication of pre-existing evils into excess upon excess. For what reason did I say these things? On the one hand, so that I might find some relief through the reporting of the things that grieve my humble soul, and on the other hand, so that by the prod of my word I might make your holiness more assiduous in petitioning our good God for a release from the present evils; for the Lover of Mankind is propitiated, I know, since you are righteous. 363 {1To Constantine the Abbot}1 I add this letter also to my former one, greeting your fatherly holiness, for whom I have every loving disposition not only on account of the relationship in Christ that was established between us from the beginning, but also on account of our sharing in the same sufferings of the testimonies for Christ. First, then, I learned that you were in the city, contending for the confession most beautifully and most fervently, then that you were exiled in the land of the Thracians, and now again that you were taken and transferred to Byzantis. You are running a double course, O blessed one, the race of piety. But rejoice, because for you there are God-woven crowns and incorruptible prizes stored up eternally. Speak also yourself to us, the humble, words of life (for such are those from you, even if spoken briefly), but if not, at least do not cease to pray fervently for my wretchedness, that I may be saved. 364 {1To Michael of Synnada}1 Long ago I learned that you, the pillar and ground of the truth, the destroyers of piety released from your former confinement, keeping you in the city; and I wanted to write to your blessedness, but I restrained myself from speaking once and twice and not being deemed worthy to hear back. but since I judged it to be a great thing for myself

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τῇ τῆς εἰκόνος ἑκάστου ἀρνήσει ὁ εἰκονιζόμενος ἤρνηται ἀπαραλλάκτως, εἴπερ ταὐτὸν ἀμφότερα, ἀρχέτυπον καὶ εἰκών, τιμῇ τε καὶ τῷ κράτει. εἰ δὲ τοῦτο οὕτως, ὥς φασιν οἱ θεοφόροι, δῆλα δὴ καὶ τῇ ὁμολογίᾳ καὶ ἀρνήσει. ἐπεὶ οὐδὲ ἤρνηται ὁ ζωοποιὸς σταυρὸς ἐκπτυομένου τοῦ τύπου αὐτοῦ; ἀλλ' ἤρνηται σαφῶς· οὐδὲ ἠθέτηται ἀντιρρητικῶς τῆς εἰκόνος αὐτοῦ; ἀλλ' ἠθέτηται ἀσφαλῶς. τί φησιν ὁ Κύριος; ὁ ἀθετῶν ὑμᾶς ἐμὲ ἀθετεῖ. καί γε εἰκὼν ἄνθρωπος θεοῦ καὶ ἔγγυος μᾶλλον ἡ τέχνη [τῇ] τοῦ σωματικοῦ χαρακτῆρος αὐτοῦ ἢ ἄνθρωπος, καθόσον πλείστη ἐμφέρεια ἐπὶ θατέρας τοῦ πρωτοτύπου Χριστοῦ ἢ μίμησις ἐπὶ τῆς ἑτέρας τῆς ἀνεμφεροῦς ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς οὖσι θεότητος, κἂν κατά τι ἐνδεχόμενον λέλεκται ὡμοιῶσθαι. τοιγάρτοι αὐτὸς ὁ Κύριος εἴρηκεν κατὰ τὸ ἀκόλουθον τῆς διανοίας δυνάμει, ὁ ἀθετῶν τὴν εἰκόνα μου ἐμὲ ἀθετεῖ· καὶ ἀλλοίως οὐκ ἔστιν, εἰ καὶ μὴ δοκοίη τοῖς ἀρνησιχρίστοις. Στήτω ὁ λόγος ἐνταῦθα, μὴ ὑπεραλλόμενος τοῦ τῆς ἐπιστολῆς μέτρου· καὶ προσευχέσθω ἡ ἁγιωσύνη σου περὶ τῆς οὐθενότητός μου, ἀφεμένη τῶν κατ' ἐμοῦ ἐγκωμίων, οὐδὲν ἔχοντος ἀγαθὸν οὔτε μὴν πράξαντος. εἰ δὲ ὅτι ὁ φοιτητὴς ἡμῶν ἀδελφὸς Ὑπάτιος ἐπαινετέος σοι, χάρις τῷ ὅρπηκι, οὐ τῇ ῥίζῃ· πολλοὶ γὰρ καὶ εὐθύκομοι βλαστοὶ ἐκ κακορρίζων καὶ μάλιστα ἐπὶ τῶν προαιρετικῶν. 362 {1Μακαρίῳ ἡγουμένῳ}1 Αὐταρκῶς διιππεύων ὁ τῆς σιωπῆς χρόνος· διὸ ἀναγκαῖον ἡγησάμην ἀφῆσαι φωνήν μου οἰκτρὰν μέν, ὅμως ἀγαπητικὴν πρὸς τὴν πατρικήν σου ὁσιότητα. τίς γὰρ καὶ ὁ συναπτικώτερός σου ἡμῖν εἰς τὰ πρὸς Κύριον, ἔκ τε τοῦ βίου καὶ τοῦ λόγου κατηγλαϊσμένου, προσθείην δ' ἂν καὶ τῆς ταὐτοπαθείας ἔκπαλαι συνημμένου; Τί δέ σοι, πατέρων ἄριστε, δοκεῖ τὰ παρόντα, ἀλλ' οὐχὶ προεισόδια τῆς τοῦ Ἀντιχρίστου ἐλεύσεως; ἤρθη Χριστὸς ἐκ μέσου γραφόμενος σὺν μητρὶ καὶ θεράπουσιν, ὅπερ ἐστὶν ἰουδαϊσμοῦ ἤτοι ἑλληνισμοῦ. ἄρχουσιν οὐ ποιμένες ἀλλὰ λύκοι, ὅλους τοὺς ὑπὸ χεῖρα ὁμοίους ἔχοντες καί, εἴ που πρόβατον Χριστοῦ εὑρεθῇ, σπεύδουσι θηριάλωτον αὐτὸ ἀπεργάσασθαι. δυοῖν τῶν ποτέ μου μαθητῶν νῦν ἀθέως ποιμαίνοντες ἀγριώτερον τῶν ἄλλων μαίνονται, τοὺς συμμαθητὰς οὓς μὲν κατεσθίοντες τῇ ὑφαρπαγῇ τῆς αἱρέσεως, οὓς δὲ κολάζοντες ὡς οὐκ ἄλλος τῶν κολαζόντων. καὶ τί δεῖ καταλέγειν; τὰ πάντα συγκέχυται καὶ ἠφάνισται, τῇ τῶν προϋπαρξάντων κακῶν συμπλοκῇ συναπαρτηθέντα εἰς ὑπερβολὴν καθ' ὑπερβολὴν τὰ νῦν ἀσεβούμενα. Τίνος εἵνεκα ἐξεῖπον ταῦτα; τὸ μὲν ὡς ἂν ῥᾳστώνην τινὰ λάβοιμι διὰ τῆς ἀναφορᾶς τῶν τὴν ταπεινήν μου ψυχὴν λυπούντων, τὸ δὲ ὅπως προσεδρευτικώτερον ποιήσαιμι τῇ νύξει τοῦ λόγου τὴν ἁγιωσύνην σου ἐντυγχάνειν εἰς λύσιν τῶν κατεχόντων τῷ ἀγαθῷ ἡμῶν θεῷ· εὐιλατεῖται γὰρ δικαίου σου ὄντος, οἶδ' ὅτι, ὁ φιλάνθρωπος. 363 {1Κωνσταντίνῳ ἡγουμένῳ}1 Προστίθημι τῇ προτεραίᾳ ἐπιστολῇ καὶ τήνδε, προσαγορεύων τὴν πατρικήν σου ἁγιωσύνην, ἣν ἐγὼ ἔχω διὰ πάσης ἀγαπητικῆς διαθέσεως οὐ μόνον διὰ τὴν ἀρχῆθεν κραθεῖσαν ἡμῖν ἐν Χριστῷ σχέσιν, ἀλλὰ γὰρ καὶ διὰ τὴν ταὐτοπάθειαν τῶν ὑπὲρ Χριστοῦ μαρτυρίων. πρότερον οὗν ἐν ἄστει σε εἶναι ἔμαθον, διαγωνιζόμενον τὴν ὁμολογίαν κάλλιστά τε καὶ θερμότατα, εἶτα ἐξωρίσθαι ἐν τῇ Θρᾳκῴων χώρᾳ, ἄρτι πάλιν ἦρθαι καὶ μεθορισθῆναι ἐν τῇ Βυζαντίδι. διαυλεῖς, ὦ μάκαρ, τὸν τῆς εὐσεβείας δρόμον. Ἀλλὰ χαῖρε, ὅτι σοι στέφανοι θεόπλοκοι καὶ ἔπαθλα ἄφθαρτα αἰωνίως ταμιευόμενα. φθέγξαι καὶ αὐτὸς ἡμῖν τοῖς ταπεινοῖς ῥήματα ζωῆς (τοιαῦτα γὰρ τὰ παρὰ σοῦ, εἰ καὶ βραχυλογούμενα), εἰ δὲ μή, ἀλλὰ γε τὸ ὑπερεύχεσθαι τῆς ἀθλιότητός μου μὴ διαλείποις εἰς τὸ σῴζεσθαι. 364 {1Μιχαὴλ Συννάδων}1 Πάλαι ἔμαθον ὅτι σέ, τὸν στῦλον καὶ ἑδραίωμα τῆς ἀληθείας, μεθῆκαν τοῦ προτέρου περιορισμοῦ οἱ καταλύται τῆς εὐσεβείας, ἐν ἄστει κατέχοντες· καὶ ἐβουλόμην ἐπιστεῖλαι τῇ μακαριότητί σου, ἐπέσχον δὲ ἐμαυτὸν ἐκ τοῦ ἅπαξ καὶ δὶς φθέγξασθαι καὶ μὴ ἀξιωθῆναι ἀντακοῦσαι. ἀλλ' ἐπεὶ ἔκρινα εἰς ἑαυτὸν μέγα εἶναί