217

and the sacrifice, and the "abomination" of desolation to stand "in the holy place," the power that from of old watched over and supervised the place until that time having left them desolate. 8.2.113 At least until the saving passion, it is proper to believe that a certain power of God was supervising the sanctuary and the "holy of holies." For otherwise he himself would not have sat together with the many in the temple, celebrating the feasts according to the laws, if he had not known that the place was still standing and worthy of God. 8.2.114 Therefore, there were also in the temple some who were prophesying at that time, such as Anna the prophetess, the daughter of Phanuel, and Simeon who took him into his arms while he was still an infant, who also prophesied the things that have been written. 8.2.115 Nor would our Lord himself have said to the leper, "Go, show yourself to the priest and offer the sacrifice that Moses commanded, as a testimony to them," if he had not still believed it was necessary for the things according to the laws to be performed there, as in a holy place and one worthy of God; nor, when he was driving out those who were buying and selling, would he have said: "It is written, 'My house shall be called a house of prayer,' but you make it a den of robbers," and again: "Take these things from here, and do not make my Father's house a house of trade," if he did not clearly think it was necessary to still consider the place to be honored. 8.2.116 But as their final impiety was approaching, after all these things he declared, saying: "Behold, your house is left to you desolate," which was also fulfilled when, at his passion, "the veil of the temple" was torn in two from top to bottom, and from that time the "sacrifice and libation" acceptable to God according to the ordinance of the law was in effect abolished, and when this was taken away, the "abomination of desolation" according to the prophecy at hand followed for the place. 8.2.117 But even if the liturgical rites in the place seemed to remain for a time, these were no longer pleasing to God, being performed without judgment and not according to the law. 8.2.118 For just as long ago, when the anointing had been destroyed, and the legitimate high priests by succession had ceased from the death of Hyrcanus, those who came after, disorderly and unlawfully, seemed to be doing something, but were not acting according to the proper ordinances, because of which the prophecy also said: "Anointing shall be destroyed, and there is no judgment in it," denouncing their lack of judgment and lawlessness; so indeed you will say that it also happened with the sacrifice and the libation, which was performed rightly and according to the law before the passion of our Savior because of the power that was still then watching over the holy places, but was immediately removed after his perfect and god-befitting sacrifice, which he himself offered for our sins, being himself "the lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world," and when this sacrifice was delivered to all people according to the new mysteries of the new covenant, the things of the old were taken away. 8.2.119 For at the same time that the oracle saying "and one week shall confirm a covenant with many" was being fulfilled, the things of the old covenant were taken away. And when were the things of the new covenant confirmed, if not when our savior and lord, being about to perform the great mystery of his passage into death, on the "night" he "was betrayed," delivered the symbols of the secret words of the new covenant according to him to his disciples? For at the same time these things were being accomplished and the old covenant according to Moses was taken away, which "the veil of the temple" being torn at the same time signified. 8.2.120 Therefore, from that time, sacrifice and libation having been taken away and in effect and in truth abolished, the sacrifices that were thought to be performed there afterward were without libation and unholy, and were performed in a profane place and by profane and unholy men. 8.2.121 Accept now also the testimonies of Josephus concerning these things: "And on the day of Pentecost, the priests, having gone into the temple at night, as was their custom, for the liturgical services, said that they first perceived a movement and a crash, and after

217

καὶ τὴν θυσίαν, καὶ τὸ «βδέλυγμα» τῆς ἐρημώσεως «ἐπὶ τὸ ἱερὸν» καταστῆναι, καταλιπούσης αὐτοὺς ἐρήμους τῆς ἀνέκαθεν εἰς ἐκεῖνο καιροῦ τὸν τόπον ἐφορώσης καὶ ἐπισκοπούσης δυνάμεως. 8.2.113 μέχρι γοῦν τοῦ σωτηρίου πάθους εἶναί τινα θεοῦ δύναμιν ἐπισκοποῦσαν τὸ ἱερὸν καὶ τὸ «ἅγιον τῶν ἁγίων» ἡγεῖσθαι προσήκει. οὐ γὰρ ἂν ἄλλως καὶ αὐτὸς ἅμα τοῖς πολλοῖς συνήδρευεν ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ, τὰς κατὰ νόμους ἑορτὰς ἐπιτελῶν, μὴ οὐχὶ ἔτι συνεστῶτα καὶ θεοῦ εἶναι ἄξιον τὸν τόπον εἰδώς. 8.2.114 ἦσαν οὖν ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ καὶ προφητεύοντές τινες εἰς ἐκεῖνο τοῦ καιροῦ, ὥσπερ Ἄννα ἡ προφῆτις ἡ τοῦ Φανουὴλ καὶ Συμεὼν ὁ ἐπὶ τὰς ἀγκάλας αὐτὸν βρέφος ἔτι ὄντα λαβών, οἳ καὶ προφητεύουσι τὰ ἀναγεγραμμένα. 8.2.115 οὐδ' ἂν αὐτὸς ὁ κύριος ἡμῶν εἰρήκει τῷ λεπρῷ «ὕπαγε, δεῖξον σεαυτὸν τῷ ἱερεῖ καὶ προσένεγκε τὴν θυσίαν, ἣν προσέταξεν Μωσῆς εἰς μαρτύριον αὐτοῖς», μὴ οὐχὶ ἔτι δεῖν ἡγούμενος τὰ κατὰ νόμους ἐπιτελεῖσθαι αὐτόθι, ὡς ἐν ἁγίῳ καὶ θεοῦ ἀξίῳ τόπῳ, οὐδ' ἂν τοὺς ἀγοράζοντας καὶ πιπράσκοντας ἐξωθῶν ἔλεγεν· «γέγραπται, ὅτι ὁ οἶκός μου οἶκος προσευχῆς κληθήσεται, ὑμεῖς δὲ αὐτὸν ποιεῖτε σπήλαιον λῃστῶν», καὶ αὖθις· «ἄρατε ταῦτα ἐντεῦθεν, καὶ μὴ ποιεῖτε τὸν οἶκον τοῦ πατρός μου οἶκον ἐμπορείου», εἰ μὴ ἔτι τίμιον σαφῶς δεῖν ἐνόμιζεν ὑπολαμβάνειν εἶναι τὸν τόπον. 8.2.116 ἀλλὰ γὰρ πλησιαζούσης αὐτῶν τῆς ἐσχάτης δυσσεβείας, μετὰ ταῦτα πάντα ἀπεφήνατο εἰπών· «ἰδοὺ ἀφίεται ὑμῖν ὁ οἶκος ὑμῶν ἔρημος», ὃ καὶ αὐτὸ ἐπληροῦτο, ὅτε παθόντος αὐτοῦ «τὸ καταπέτασμα τοῦ ναοῦ» ὅλον δι' ὅλου μέσον ἐρράγη, καθῄρητό τε ἐξ ἐκείνου δυνάμει ἡ προσηνὴς τῷ θεῷ κατὰ τὴν τοῦ νόμου διάταξιν «θυσία καὶ σπονδή», ἧς ἀρθείσης καὶ τὸ «βδέλυγμα τῆς ἐρημώσεως» κατὰ τὴν ἐν χερσὶ προφητείαν ἐπηκολούθησεν τῷ τόπῳ. 8.2.117 Εἰ δὲ καὶ ἐπί τινα χρόνον παραμένειν ἔδοξεν τὰ τῆς ἐν τῷ τόπῳ λειτουργίας, ἀλλ' οὐκέτι γε ταῦτα ἀρεστὰ τῷ θεῷ ἦν, ἀκρίτως καὶ οὐ κατὰ νόμον ἐπιτελούμενα. 8.2.118 ὥσπερ γὰρ πρόπαλαι ἐξολοθρευθέντος τοῦ χρίσματος, καὶ τῶν κατὰ διαδοχὴν νομίμων ἀρχιερέων πεπαυμένων ἀπὸ τῆς Ὑρκανοῦ τελευτῆς, οἱ μετὰ ταῦτα παριόντες ἀτάκτως καὶ παρανόμως ἐδόκουν μέν τι ποιεῖν, οὐ μὴν κατὰ τοὺς πρέποντας ἔπραττον θεσμούς, δι' οὓς καὶ ἔφασκεν ἡ προφητεία· «ἐξολοθρευθήσεται χρίσμα, καὶ κρίμα οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν αὐτῷ», τὸ ἄκριτον καὶ παράνομον αὐτῶν διαβάλλουσα· οὕτω δὴ καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς θυσίας καὶ τῆς σπονδῆς συμβεβηκέναι φήσεις, ὀρθῶς μὲν καὶ κατὰ νόμον πρὸ τοῦ πάθους τοῦ σωτῆρος ἡμῶν ἐπιτελουμένης διὰ τὴν εἰσέτι τότε τὰ τῶν ἁγίων τόπων ἐφορῶσαν δύναμιν περιαιρεθείσης δὲ αὐτίκα μετὰ τὴν αὐτοῦ τελείαν καὶ θεοπρεπῆ θυσίαν, ἣν προσήνεγκεν αὐτὸς ἑαυτὸν ὑπὲρ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ἡμῶν, αὐτὸς ὢν «ὁ ἀμνὸς τοῦ θεοῦ ὁ αἴρων τὴν ἁμαρτίαν τοῦ κόσμου», ἧς θυσίας πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις κατὰ τὰ καινὰ μυστήρια τῆς καινῆς διαθήκης παραδοθείσης τὰ τῆς παλαιᾶς περιῄρητο. 8.2.119 ὁμοῦ γὰρ τῷ πληροῦσθαι τὸ φάσκον λόγιον «καὶ δυναμώσει διαθήκην πολλοῖς ἑβδομὰς μία», τὰ τῆς παλαιᾶς διαθήκης περιῄρητο. πότε δὲ τὰ τῆς διαθήκης τῆς καινῆς ἐδυναμοῦτο ἢ ὅτε ὁ σωτὴρ καὶ κύριος ἡμῶν, μέλλων τελεῖν τὸ μέγα μυστήριον τῆς εἰς τὸν θάνατον αὐτοῦ παρόδου, ᾗ «νυκτὶ» «παρεδίδοτο», τὰ σύμβολα τῶν κατ' αὐτὸν ἀπορρήτων τῆς καινῆς διαθήκης λόγων τοῖς αὑτοῦ παρεδίδου μαθηταῖς; ὁμοῦ γὰρ ταῦτ' ἐτελεῖτο καὶ ἡ κατὰ Μωσέα παλαιὰ διαθήκη περιῄρητο, ὅπερ ἐδήλου «τὸ καταπέτασμα τοῦ ναοῦ» κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν ῥηγνύμενον χρόνον. 8.2.120 ἀρθείσης γοῦν ἐξ ἐκείνου καὶ δυνάμει καὶ ἀληθείᾳ καταλυθείσης θυσίας καὶ σπονδῆς, αἱ μετὰ ταῦτα νομιζόμεναι αὐτόθι ἐπιτελεῖσθαι θυσίαι ἄσπονδοι καὶ ἀνίεροι ἐν βεβήλῳ τόπῳ καὶ ὑπὸ βεβήλων καὶ ἀνιέρων ἐπετελοῦντο. 8.2.121 ∆έχου δὴ καὶ τὰς περὶ τούτων Ἰωσήπου μαρτυρίας· «κατὰ δὲ τὴν ἡμέραν τῆς πεντηκοστῆς νύκτωρ οἱ ἱερεῖς παρελθόντες εἰς τὸ ἱερόν, ὥσπερ αὐτοῖς ἔθος ἦν, πρὸς τὰς λειτουργίας, πρῶτον μὲν κινήσεως ἔφασαν ἀντιλαμβάνεσθαι καὶ κτύπου, μετὰ δὲ