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He showed His power, not by simply casting out the nations, but in such a way, by which one was able to know most clearly, that even the former things were sufficient, when the plague sent from God came upon them, and with Him as general the affairs of the enemies were decided. For He instructed them not indeed by words, but also by deeds, by sandals, by garments, by food, by light of night and of day, by a cloud, by wars, by peace, by trophies, by agriculture, by rains, and all things gave forth a voice proclaiming the Master, and piercing their hardened mind, and no time was lacking in which His continuous signs were not shown. The works of His hands are truth and judgment. Since he has spoken of His power, he speaks also of His just judgment, that He not only showed power in what He did then, but also great righteousness. For He did not simply cast out the nations, because He wanted to bring in the Jews, but with justice. For this reason Moses also said elsewhere: For the sins of the Amorites are not yet filled up. But these things can be said not only of the Jews, and of the things that happened to them, but again the saying is universal. For all things done by Him are truth and judgment; judgment, that is, righteousness. But Scripture often calls truth also loving-kindness. What he says, therefore, is this, that with righteousness and loving-kindness He mixed all things. For if indeed He had used only the principle of justice, all would have perished. 6. Wherefore this prophet also says elsewhere: Enter not into judgment with Your servant; for in Your sight no one living will be justified. And again: If you, O Lord, should mark iniquities, Lord, who shall stand? Therefore, all things done by Him are full of both of these. For if He demanded only what is just, all would have been destroyed; but if He used loving-kindness alone, the majority would have become more slothful. For this reason, diversifying the salvation of men, He uses both of these for their correction. All His commandments are trustworthy. What he does in many places, this he also works here, passing from the wisdom in the diverse creation and care to the giving of the law, and this again is a moving part of His providence. For indeed not only by creating such and so great a creation, but by establishing the law did He correct the race of men. Wherefore also in the eighteenth psalm, dividing both these parts, he began by saying: The heavens declare the glory of God; but coming to the middle, and having completed his discourse about creation, he added: The law of the Lord is perfect, converting souls; the commandment of the Lord is clear, enlightening the eyes. So indeed here also, having spoken of His portents and His wonders, and of His works, he handles the discourse on the subject of the commandments, saying thus: All His commandments are trustworthy, established for ever and ever, made in truth and uprightness. He did not simply say, All, but rousing up a great kind of commandments, he has set down this word. For there are the commandments of cre 55.288 ation, which all creation observes, sun and moon, day and night, and stars, and the course of the earth and of nature. There are the commandments given to nature from the beginning, when He formed man, concerning which Paul says: For when the Gentiles, who do not have the law, by nature do what the law requires, these, not having the law, are a law to themselves. And again: For I delight in the law of God in my inmost self. There are also the written commandments. And all these have remained. But if some were abolished, it was not for the worse, but reformed for the better. For, You shall not kill, was not abolished, but was extended; and, You shall not commit adultery, was not made to disappear, but was made greater. Wherefore

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ἐπέδειξεν αὐτοῦ τὴν δύναμιν, οὐχ ἁπλῶς ἐκβάλλων τὰ ἔθνη, ἀλλὰ τρόπῳ τοιούτῳ, δι' οὗ μάλιστα ἠδύνατο εἰδέναι σαφῶς, ὡς εἰ καὶ τὰ πρότερα ἤρκει, ὅτε θεήλατος ἦν ἡ πληγὴ κατ' ἐκείνων γινομένη, καὶ αὐτοῦ στρατηγοῦντος τὰ τῶν πολεμίων ἐκρίνετο πράγματα. Οὐ γὰρ δὴ διὰ ῥημάτων, ἀλλὰ καὶ διὰ πραγμάτων αὐτοὺς ἐπαίδευε, δι' ὑποδημάτων, διὰ ἱματίων, διὰ τροφῆς, διὰ φωτὸς νυκτερινοῦ καὶ ἡμερινοῦ, διὰ νεφέλης, διὰ πολέμων, διὰ εἰρήνης, διὰ τροπαίων, διὰ γεωργίας, διὰ ὑετῶν, καὶ πάντα φωνὴν ἠφίει τὸν ∆εσπότην ἀνακηρύττοντα, καὶ τὴν πεπωρωμένην αὐτῶν διάνοιαν κατανύττοντα, καὶ οὐδεὶς χρόνος ἐνέλιπεν, ἐν ᾧ μὴ συνεχῆ σημεῖα αὐτοῦ ἐπεδείκνυτο. Ἔργα χειρῶν αὐτοῦ, ἀλήθεια καὶ κρίσις. Ἐπειδὴ περὶ τῆς δυνάμεως αὐτοῦ διελέχθη, διαλέγεται καὶ περὶ τῆς δικαιοκρισίας, ὅτι οὐ μόνον δύναμιν ἐν οἷς ἐποίει τότε ἐπεδείκνυτο, ἀλλὰ καὶ πολλὴν τὴν δικαιοσύνην. Οὐδὲ γὰρ ἁπλῶς ἐξέβαλε τὰ ἔθνη, ἐπειδὴ Ἰουδαίους εἰσαγαγεῖν ἐβούλετο, ἀλλὰ μετὰ τοῦ δικαίου. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο καὶ ἀλλαχοῦ ἔλεγεν ὁ Μωϋσῆς· Οὔπω γὰρ ἀναπεπλήρωνται αἱ ἁμαρτίαι τῶν Ἀμοῤῥαίων. Ταῦτα δὲ οὐκ ἐπὶ Ἰουδαίων ἔστιν εἰπεῖν μόνον, καὶ τῶν ἐκείνοις συμβαινόντων, ἀλλὰ πάλιν καθολικὸς ὁ λόγος ἐστί. Πάντα γὰρ τὰ ὑπ' αὐτοῦ γενόμενα ἀλήθεια καὶ κρίσις· κρίσις, τουτέστι δικαιοσύνη. Οἶδεν δὲ ἀλήθειαν πολλάκις ἡ Γραφὴ καὶ τὴν φιλανθρωπίαν λέγειν. Ὃ τοίνυν λέγει, τοιοῦτόν ἐστιν, ὅτι μετὰ τῆς δικαιοσύνης καὶ φιλανθρωπίας τὰ πάντα ἀνέμιξεν. Εἰ γὰρ δὴ μόνον τῷ τοῦ δικαίου ἐκέχρητο λόγῳ, πάντα ἂν ἀπολώλει. ςʹ. ∆ιὸ καὶ οὗτος ὁ προφήτης ἀλλαχοῦ λέγει· Μὴ εἰσέλθῃς εἰς κρίσιν μετὰ τοῦ δούλου σου· ὅτι οὐ δικαιωθήσεται ἐνώπιόν σου πᾶς ζῶν. Καὶ πάλιν· Ἐὰν ἀνομίας παρατηρήσῃ, Κύριε, Κύριε, τίς ὑποστήσεται; Πάντα τοίνυν τὰ ὑπ' αὐτοῦ γινόμενα ἑκατέρων γέμει τούτων. Ἄν τε γὰρ τὸ δίκαιον ἀπαιτῇ μόνον, πάντα ἂν διεφθάρη· εἰ δὲ φιλανθρωπίᾳ μόνῃ κέχρηται, οἱ πλείους ἂν ἐγίνοντο ῥᾳθυμότεροι. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο ποικίλλων τὴν σωτηρίαν τῶν ἀνθρώπων, ἑκατέροις τούτοις εἰς τὴν διόρθωσιν αὐτῶν κέχρηται. Πισταὶ πᾶσαι αἱ ἐντολαὶ αὐτοῦ. Ὅπερ πολλαχοῦ ποιεῖ, τοῦτο καὶ ἐνταῦθα ἐργάζεται, ἀπὸ τῆς σοφίας τῆς ἐν τῇ ποικίλῃ δημιουργίᾳ καὶ τῆς κηδεμονίας ἐπὶ τὴν νομοθεσίαν μεταβαίνων, καὶ τοῦτο πάλιν κινῶν τῆς προνοίας τὸ μέρος. Οὐ γὰρ δὴ μόνον τῷ κτίσαι κτίσιν τοσαύτην καὶ τηλικαύτην, ἀλλὰ τῷ τὸν νόμον θεῖναι τὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων διώρθωσε γένος. ∆ιὸ καὶ ἐν τῷ ὀκτωκαιδεκάτῳ ψαλμῷ ἀμφότερα ταῦτα τὰ μέρη διελὼν, ἀρχόμενος μὲν ἔλεγεν· Οἱ οὐρανοὶ διηγοῦνται δόξαν Θεοῦ· πρὸς δὲ τὸ μέσον ἐλθὼν, καὶ τὸν περὶ τῆς κτίσεως ἀπαρτίσας λόγον ἐπήγαγεν· Ὁ νόμος Κυρίου ἄμωμος, ἐπιστρέφων ψυχάς· ἡ ἐντολὴ Κυρίου τηλαυγὴς, φωτίζουσα ὀφθαλμούς. Οὕτω δὴ καὶ ἐνταῦθα, εἰπὼν περὶ τῶν τεραστίων καὶ τῶν θαυμάτων αὐτοῦ, καὶ τῶν ἔργων, εἰς τὴν περὶ τῶν ἐντολῶν ὑπόθεσιν μεταχειρίζει τὸν λόγον οὕτω λέγων· Πισταὶ πᾶσαι αἱ ἐντολαὶ αὐτοῦ, ἐστηριγμέναι εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα τοῦ αἰῶνος, πεποιημέναι ἐν ἀληθείᾳ καὶ εὐθύτητι. Οὐχ ἁπλῶς εἶπε, Πᾶσαι, ἀλλὰ πολὺ γένος ἐντολῶν ἀνακινῶν, ταύτην τέθεικε τὴν λέξιν. Καὶ γὰρ ἐντολαί εἰσιν αἱ τῆς κτί 55.288 σεως, ἃς διατηρεῖ πᾶσα ἡ κτίσις, ἥλιος καὶ σελήνη, ἡμέρα καὶ νὺξ, καὶ ἀστέρες, καὶ γῆς καὶ φύσεως δρόμος. Ἐντολαί εἰσιν αἱ τῇ φύσει δοθεῖσαι ἐξ ἀρχῆς, ὅτε τὸν ἄνθρωπον ἔπλαττε, περὶ ὧν φησιν ὁ Παῦλος· Ὅταν γὰρ ἔθνη, τὰ μὴ νόμον ἔχοντα, φύσει τὰ τοῦ νόμου ποιῇ, οὗτοι νόμον μὴ ἔχοντες, ἑαυτοῖς εἰσι νόμος. Καὶ πάλιν· Συνήδομαι γὰρ τῷ νόμῳ τοῦ Θεοῦ κατὰ τὸν ἔσω ἄνθρωπον. Ἐντολαί εἰσι καὶ αἱ γραπταί. Καὶ αὗται πᾶσαι μεμενήκασιν. Εἰ δέ τινες κατελύθησαν, οὐκ ἐπὶ τὸ χεῖρον, ἀλλ' ἐπὶ τὸ βέλτιον μεταῤῥυθμισθεῖσαι. Τὸ γὰρ, Οὐ φονεύσεις, οὐ κατελύθη, ἀλλ' ἐπετάθη· καὶ τὸ, Οὐ μοιχεύσεις, οὐκ ἠφανίσθη, ἀλλὰ μεῖζον γέγονε. ∆ιὸ