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and he said, I came not to destroy the law, or the prophets, but to fulfill them. For he who is not angry will much more abstain from murder; and he who does not look with lustful eyes is pitched far from adultery. Therefore, the law has this most especially: the excellent, the immortal, the perpetual; both that of creation, and the natural, and that of philosophy, and of the New Testament. Wherefore he says: Heaven and earth will pass away, but my words will not pass away; showing their immovability. For all things that God wills to remain, remain perpetually, and there is nothing that moves them. Made in truth and uprightness. What is, In truth and uprightness? There is nothing crooked in them, he says, nothing twisted, nothing unclear, nothing for the sake of favor or enmity, but all things are for what is expedient and profitable; not like human laws, which have much that is perishable, much that is unclear, and much that is human. For many were often established out of human passions. For either in defending against an enemy, or wishing to grant a favor to a friend, he thus composed the writings. But the divine ones are not so, but they remain brighter than the sun, seeking the advantage of those for whom the laws are made, and leading them back to virtue, and to the truth of things, not to these false things, I mean wealth and power, for these are false; but the things of God are truth, teaching not how they might become wealthier, nor how they might obtain present things, but how they might enjoy the things to come. Concerning true and right things, and having nothing perverse, all those laws spoke. All his commandments are faithful. What is, Faithful? Sure, abiding. For even if they are transgressed, punishments follow, and these are not shaken; and if men transgress them, yet God avenges them. Do not say, therefore, that what was said was said as a threat, or hyperbolically. No one legislating speaks only for a threat, but also for correction. But if you do not strongly believe concerning the things to come, take the proof from the things that have passed. Indeed, the flood in Noah's time, and the burning of Sodom, and the destruction of Pharaoh, and the utter ruin of the Jews, and the captivities, and the wars, are they of threat, or of the experience of things? And if these things happened in the type, much more in the truth, inasmuch as the wickedness of those who dared them is greater after so much care and cor- 55.289 rection. The Lord sent redemption to his people. According to the history, he means the freedom of the Jews; but according to the anagogical sense, that of the whole world, which the following also declares: He has commanded his covenant for ever. He means the New one here; for since he mentioned commandment and law, and this was transgressed and worked wrath, he says that He sent redemption to his people, just as He himself said: I came not to judge the world, but to save the world. For when the law was transgressed, it punished; For the law, he says, works wrath; for where there is no law, there is no transgression; and, All have sinned and fall short of the glory of God, being justified freely by his grace; for this reason he spoke thus: The Lord sent redemption to his people. 8. But nevertheless, the redemption is not simply so, but after the redemption there is also a law, so that we may show a way of life worthy of the grace. Holy and fearful is his name. For when he had considered all the things that proclaim his care, his providence, that in the Old, that in the New, that in his works, that through his commandments, that through his miracles, that through his wonders, becoming inspired, and astonished at his greatness, he concludes his discourse in a doxology, offering up a hymn to him for these things

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καὶ ἔλεγεν, Οὐκ ἦλθον καταλῦσαι τὸν νόμον, ἢ τοὺς προφήτας, ἀλλὰ πληρῶσαι. Ὁ γὰρ μὴ ὀργιζόμενος, πολλῷ μᾶλλον τοῦ φόνου ἀφέξεται· καὶ ὁ μὴ βλέπων ἀκολάστοις ὀφθαλμοῖς, μακρότερον τῆς μοιχείας ἐσκήνωται. Ὁ τοίνυν νόμος τοῦτο μάλιστα ἔχει τὸ ἐξαίρετον, τὸ ἀθάνατον, τὸ διηνεκὲς, καὶ ὁ τῆς κτίσεως, καὶ ὁ φυσικὸς, καὶ ὁ τῆς φιλοσοφίας, καὶ τῆς Καινῆς ∆ιαθήκης. ∆ιό φησιν· Ὁ οὐρανὸς καὶ ἡ γῆ παρελεύσονται, οἱ δὲ λόγοι μου οὐ μὴ παρελεύσονται· τὸ ἀκίνητον αὐτῶν δηλῶν. Πάντα γὰρ ὅσα ἂν βούληται μένειν ὁ Θεὸς, μένει διηνεκῶς, καὶ οὐδέν ἐστι τὸ κινοῦν αὐτά. Πεποιημέναι ἐν ἀληθείᾳ καὶ εὐθύτητι. Τί ἐστιν, Ἐν ἀληθείᾳ καὶ εὐθύτητι; Οὐδὲν αὐταῖς, φησὶ, σκολιὸν, οὐδὲν στραγγαλιῶδες, οὐδὲν ἀσαφὲς, οὐδὲν πρὸς χάριν τινὰ, ἢ ἀπέχθειαν, ἀλλὰ πάντα πρὸς τὸ συμφέρον καὶ λυσιτελές· οὐ καθάπερ οἱ ἀνθρώπινοι νόμοι, πολὺ μὲν ἔχοντες τὸ ἐπίκηρον, πολὺ δὲ τὸ ἀσαφὲς, πολὺ δὲ τὸ ἀνθρώπινον. Καὶ γὰρ ἀπὸ ἀνθρωπίνων παθῶν πολλοὶ πολλάκις ἐτέθησαν. Καὶ γὰρ τὸν ἐχθρὸν ἀμυνόμενος, ἢ φίλῳ χαρίζεσθαι βουλόμενος, οὕτω τὰ γράμματα συνέθηκεν. Ἀλλ' οὐχ οἱ θεῖοι τοιοῦτοι, ἀλλ' ἡλίου φαιδρότεροι μένουσι, τὸ συμφέρον τῶν νομοθετουμένων ἐπιζητοῦντες, καὶ πρὸς ἀρετὴν αὐτοὺς ἐπανάγοντες, καὶ πρὸς τὴν τῶν πραγμάτων ἀλήθειαν, οὐ πρὸς τὰ ψευδῆ ταῦτα, πλοῦτον λέγω καὶ δυναστείαν ταῦτα γὰρ ψευδῆ· τὰ δὲ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἀλήθεια, οὐχ ὅπως γένοιντο εὐπορώτεροι, οὐδ' ὅπως τῶν παρόντων ἐπιτύχοιεν, ἄλλ' ὅπως τῶν μελλόντων ἀπολαύσαιεν, διδάσκοντες. Περὶ τῶν ἀληθῶν πραγμάτων καὶ ὀρθῶν, καὶ οὐδὲν ἐχόντων διεστραμμένον, ἅπαντα εἶπον ἐκεῖνοι οἱ νόμοι. Πισταὶ πᾶσαι αἱ ἐντολαὶ αὐτοῦ. Τί ἐστι, Πισταί; Βέβαιαι, μένουσαι. Κἂν γὰρ παραβαθῶσιν, αἱ τιμωρίαι ἕπονται, καὶ αὗται οὐ σαλεύονται· εἰ δὲ ἄνθρωποι παραβῶσιν, ἀλλ' ὁ Θεὸς αὐτὰς ἐκδικεῖ. Μὴ τοίνυν λέγε, ὅτι πρὸς ἀπειλὴν εἴρηται τὰ εἰρημένα, ἢ ὑπερβολικῶς. Οὐδεὶς νομοθετῶν πρὸς ἀπειλὴν λέγει μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ πρὸς σωφρονισμόν. Εἰ δὲ οὐ σφόδρα πιστεύεις ὑπὲρ τῶν μελλόντων, ἀπὸ τῶν παρελθόντων λάμβανε τὴν ἀπόδειξιν. Ὁ γοῦν ἐπὶ τοῦ Νῶε κατακλυσμὸς, καὶ ἡ ἐπὶ τῶν Σοδόμων πυρπόλησις, καὶ ἡ ἐπὶ τοῦ Φαραὼ ἀπώλεια, καὶ ἡ τῶν Ἰουδαίων πανωλεθρία, καὶ αἱ αἰχμαλωσίαι, καὶ οἱ πόλεμοι, ἆρα ἀπειλῆς εἰσιν, ἢ πείρας πραγμάτων; Εἰ δὲ τὰ ἐν τῷ τύπῳ γέγονε, πολλῷ μᾶλλον τὰ ἐν τῇ ἀληθείᾳ, ὅσῳ καὶ μείζων ἡ πονηρία τῶν αὐτοῖς τετολμημένων μετὰ τοσαύτην θεραπείαν καὶ διόρ 55.289 θωσιν. Λύτρωσιν ἀπέστειλε ὁ Κύριος τῷ λαῷ αὐτοῦ. Κατὰ μὲν τὴν ἱστορίαν, τὴν τῶν Ἰουδαίων ἐλευθερίαν φησί· κατὰ δὲ τὴν ἀναγωγὴν, τὴν τῆς οἰκουμένης, ὃ καὶ τὸ ἑξῆς δηλοῖ· Ἐνετείλατο εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα διαθήκην αὐτοῦ. Τὴν Καινὴν ἐνταῦθα λέγει· ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἐντολῆς ἐμνήσθη καὶ νόμου, οὗτος δὲ παρεβάθη, καὶ εἰργάσατο ὀργὴν, φησὶν, ὅτι Λύτρωσιν ἀπέστειλε τῷ λαῷ αὐτοῦ, καθάπερ καὶ αὐτὸς ἔλεγεν· Οὐκ ἦλθον, ἵνα κρίνω τὸν κόσμον, ἀλλ' ἵνα σώσω τὸν κόσμον. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ παραβαινόμενος ὁ νόμος ἐκόλαζεν· Ὁ γὰρ νόμος ὀργὴν, φησὶ, κατεργάζεται· οὗ γὰρ οὐκ ἔστι νόμος, οὐδὲ παράβασις· καὶ, Πάντες ἥμαρτον καὶ ὑστεροῦνται τῆς δόξης τοῦ Θεοῦ, δικαιούμενοι δωρεὰν τῇ αὐτοῦ χάριτι· διὰ τοῦτο οὕτως εἶπε· Λύτρωσιν ἀπέστειλε Κύριος τῷ λαῷ αὐτοῦ. ηʹ. Ἀλλ' ὅμως οὐδὲ ἡ λύτρωσις ἁπλῶς, ἀλλὰ μετὰ τὴν λύτρωσιν καὶ νόμος, ἵνα τῆς χάριτος ἀξίαν ἐπιδειξώμεθα τὴν πολιτείαν. Ἅγιον καὶ φοβερὸν τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἐνενόησεν ἅπαντα τὰ ἀνακηρύττοντα αὐτοῦ τὴν κηδεμονίαν, τὴν πρόνοιαν, τὴν ἐν τῇ Παλαιᾷ, τὴν ἐν τῇ Καινῇ, τὴν ἐν τοῖς ἔργοις, τὴν διὰ τῶν ἐντολῶν, τὴν διὰ τῶν θαυμάτων, τὴν διὰ τῶν τεραστίων, ἔνθους γενόμενος, καὶ ἐκπλαγεὶς αὐτοῦ τὴν μεγαλωσύνην, εἰς δοξολογίαν καταλύει τὸν λόγον, ὕμνον ἀναφέρων εἰς τὸν ταῦτα