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the power, the man. What then did they say? You were born entirely in sins, and you teach us? For as long as they expected him to deny it, they considered him trustworthy, calling him once and a second time. But if you did not consider him trustworthy, I would say to them, For what reason did you call him and question him a second time? But when he uttered the truth, respecting no one, when they should have especially admired him, then they condemn him. But what is this, You were born entirely in sins? Here they reproach him unsparingly for his blindness; as if they were saying, From your earliest age you have been in sins, implying that this is why he was born blind, which made no sense. In this, at least, Christ, consoling him, said: For judgment I came into the world, so that those who do not see may see, and those who see may become blind. You were born entirely in sins, and you teach us? For what did the man say? Did he set forth his own opinion? Did he not examine a common judgment, saying: We know that God does not listen to sinners? Did he not bring forth what was said by you? And they cast him out. Do you see the herald of the truth, how poverty was not a hindrance to his philosophy? Do you see how much he heard from the outset, and how much he suffered? And how he bore witness both through words and through deeds? 4. These things have been written so that we too may imitate them. For if the beggar, the blind man, who had not even seen him, immediately showed such great boldness before Christ's encouragement, standing against an entire people, murderous and demonic and raging, and wishing to condemn Christ from his own voice, and did not yield, nor did he withdraw, but with all bold 59.320 ness silenced them, and chose to be cast out rather than betray the truth; how much more must we, who have lived for so long in faith, who have seen countless miracles through faith, who have received greater benefits than he, and whose inner eyes have been opened, and who have beheld the ineffable mysteries, and have been called to such honor, show all boldness on His behalf toward those who attempt to accuse us and say anything against Christians, and silence them, and not simply forgive them! We will be able to do this if we have boldness, and pay attention to the Scriptures, and do not listen to them carelessly. For if someone were to enter here accurately, even if he does not read at home, but pays attention to what is said here, even one year is sufficient to give him much experience. For we do not read these Scriptures now, and others tomorrow; but always the same ones and forever. But yet many are in such a wretched state that after so much reading they do not even know the names of the books; and they are not ashamed, nor do they tremble, entering so carelessly into a divine audience. But if a cithara player, or a dancer, or another of those on the stage should call the city, all run with eagerness, and they are grateful to him for the invitation, and spend half a whole day paying attention to him alone; but when God speaks to us through prophets and apostles, we yawn, we scratch ourselves, we become dizzy. And in the summer, the heat seems to be great, and we occupy the marketplace; and in winter again, the rain is a hindrance and the mud, and we sit at home. And at the horse races, with no roof overhead to keep off the rain, the majority, with many showers pouring down and the wind fanning the water into their faces, stand there raving, despising the cold, and the rain, and the mud, and the length of the road, and nothing either keeps them at home, or prevents them from going there; but here, though there are roofs overhead, and the warmth is wonderful, they shrink back and do not run together; and this for the gain of their own soul. Where are these things tolerable, tell me? For this reason, being more experienced than anyone in those things, in necessary things we are more ignorant than children. And if anyone calls [you] a charioteer or a dancer, you say you have been insulted, and you do everything, so that the reproach

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ἄνθρωπον ἡ δύναμις. Τί οὖν ἐκεῖνοι; Ἐν ἁμαρτίαις σὺ ἐγεννήθης ὅλος, καὶ σὺ διδάσκεις ἡμᾶς· Ἕως μὲν γὰρ αὐτὸν προσεδόκων ἀρνεῖσθαι, καὶ ἀξιόπιστον εἶναι ἐνόμιζον, καὶ ἅπαξ καὶ δεύτερον καλοῦντες αὐτόν. Εἰ δὲ μὴ ἐνομίζετε ἀξιόπιστον, εἴποιμ' ἂν πρὸς αὐτοὺς, Τίνος ἕνεκεν ἐκαλεῖτε καὶ δεύτερον ἠρωτᾶτε; Ἐπειδὴ δὲ τὴν ἀλήθειαν ἐφθέγξατο, οὐδὲν αἰδεσθεὶς, ὅτε μάλιστα αὐτὸν θαυμάσαι ἐχρῆν, τότε αὐτὸν καταδικάζουσι. Τί δέ ἐστιν, Ἐν ἁμαρτίαις ἐγεννήθης ὅλος; Ἐνταῦθα αὐτοῦ καὶ τὴν τύφλωσιν ὀνειδίζουσιν ἀφειδῶς· ὡσανεὶ ἔλεγον, Ἐκ πρώτης ἡλικίας ἐν ἁμαρτίαις εἶ σὺ, παραδηλοῦντες ὅτι διὰ τοῦτο γέγονε τυφλὸς, ὅπερ λόγον οὐκ εἶχεν. Ἐν τούτῳ γοῦν αὐτὸν παραμυθούμενος ὁ Χριστὸς ἔλεγεν· Εἰς κρῖμα ἐγὼ ἦλθον εἰς τὸν κόσμον, ἵνα οἱ μὴ βλέποντες βλέψωσι, καὶ οἱ βλέποντες τυφλοὶ γένωνται. Ἐν ἁμαρτίαις σὺ ἐγεννήθης ὅλος, καὶ σὺ διδάσκεις ἡμᾶς; Τί γὰρ εἶπεν ὁ ἄνθρωπος; μὴ γὰρ οἰκείαν γνώμην ἐξέθετο; οὐχὶ κοινὴν κρίσιν ἐξήτασε, λέγων· Οἴδαμεν ὅτι ἁμαρτωλῶν ὁ Θεὸς οὐκ ἀκούει; οὐχὶ τὰ παρ' ὑμῶν λεχθέντα εἰς μέσον ἤγαγε; Καὶ ἐξέβαλον αὐτὸν ἔξω. Εἶδες τὸν κήρυκα τῆς ἀληθείας, πῶς ἡ πενία τῆς φιλοσοφίας οὐκ ἐγένετο κώλυμα; Ὁρᾷς ὅσα ἤκουσεν ἐκ προοιμίων, καὶ ὅσα ἔπαθεν; καὶ διὰ λόγων καὶ διὰ ἔργων πῶς ἐμαρτύρησε; δʹ. Ταῦτα δὲ ἀναγέγραπται, ἵνα καὶ ἡμεῖς μιμώμεθα. Εἰ γὰρ ὁ ἐπαίτης, ὁ τυφλὸς, ὁ μηδὲ ἑωρακὼς αὐτὸν, τοσαύτην εὐθέως παῤῥησίαν ἐπεδείξατο πρὸ τῆς τοῦ Χριστοῦ παρακλήσεως, πρὸς ὁλόκληρον δῆμον στὰς, φονῶντα καὶ δαιμονῶντα καὶ μαινόμενον, καὶ ἀπὸ τῆς ἐκείνου φωνῆς βουλόμενον καταδικάσαι τὸν Χριστὸν, καὶ οὐκ εἶξεν, οὐδὲ ὑπεχώρησεν, ἀλλὰ μετὰ παῤῥη 59.320 σίας ἁπάσης αὐτοὺς ἐπεστόμισεν, καὶ εἵλετο βληθῆναι ἔξω μᾶλλον, ἢ προδοῦναι τὴν ἀλήθειαν· πόσῳ μᾶλλον ἡμᾶς τοὺς ἐπὶ τοσοῦτον χρόνον ἐν πίστει ζήσαντας, τοὺς μυρία θαύματα διὰ τῆς πίστεως ἑωρακότας, τοὺς μείζονα εὐεργετηθέντας ἐκείνου, καὶ τοὺς ἔνδοθεν ὀφθαλμοὺς ἀναβλέψαντας, καὶ τὰ ἀπόῤῥητα θεασαμένους μυστήρια, καὶ εἰς τοσαύτην κληθέντας τιμὴν, ἅπασαν παῤῥησίαν ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ ἐπιδείκνυσθαι χρὴ πρὸς τοὺς ἐγκαλεῖν ἐπιχειροῦντας καὶ λέγοντάς τι κατὰ Χριστιανῶν καὶ ἐπιστομίζειν, ἀλλὰ μὴ συγγινώσκειν ἁπλῶς! ∆υνησόμεθα δὲ τοῦτο ποιεῖν, ἐὰν καὶ παῤῥησίαν ἔχωμεν, καὶ ταῖς Γραφαῖς προσέχωμεν, καὶ μὴ παρέργως αὐτὰς ἀκούωμεν. Εἰ γάρ τις ἀκριβῶς ἐνταῦθα εἰσέρχοιτο, κἂν οἴκοι μὴ ἀναγινώσκῃ, προσέχῃ δὲ τοῖς ἐνταῦθα λεγομένοις, ἀρκεῖ καὶ ἐνιαυτὸς εἷς εἰς ἐμπειρίαν αὐτὸν καταστῆσαι πολλήν. Οὐ γὰρ νῦν μὲν ταύτας, αὔριον δὲ ἑτέρας ἀναγινώσκομεν Γραφάς· ἀλλ' ἀεὶ τὰς αὐτὰς καὶ διαπαντός. Ἀλλ' ὅμως οὕτως ἀθλίως οἱ πολλοὶ διάκεινται, ὡς μετὰ τοσαύτην ἀνάγνωσιν μηδὲ τὰ ὀνόματα εἰδέναι τῶν βιβλίων· καὶ οὐκ αἰσχύνονται, οὐδὲ φρίττουσιν, οὕτω παρέργως εἰς ἀκροατήριον θεῖον εἰσερχόμενοι. Ἀλλ' ἂν μὲν κιθαρῳδὸς, ἢ ὀρχηστὴς, ἢ ἄλλος τῶν ἐπὶ τῆς σκηνῆς καλέσῃ τὴν πόλιν, μετὰ σπουδῆς ἅπαντες τρέχουσι, καὶ χάριν αὐτῷ τῆς κλήσεως ἴσασι, καὶ ἡμέρας ὁλοκλήρου τὸ ἥμισυ μέρος ἀναλίσκουσιν, ἐκείνῳ μόνῳ προσέχοντες· τοῦ δὲ Θεοῦ διὰ προφητῶν καὶ ἀποστόλων ἡμῖν διαλεγομένου, χασμώμεθα, κνώμεθα, ἰλιγγιῶμεν. Καὶ ἐν μὲν τῷ θέρει πολὺς ὁ αὐχμὸς εἶναι δοκεῖ, καὶ τὴν ἀγορὰν καταλαμβάνομεν· καὶ ἐν χειμῶνι πάλιν, ὁ ὑετὸς κώλυμα καὶ ὁ πηλὸς, καὶ οἴκοι καθήμεθα. Καὶ ἐν μὲν ταῖς ἱπποδρομίαις, οὐκ ὀρόφου ἐπικειμένου τοῦ τὸν ὑετὸν στέγοντος, οἱ πλείους πολλῶν ὄμβρων καταφερομένων, καὶ ἀνέμου τὸ ὕδωρ εἰς τὰς ὄψεις ῥιπίζοντος, ἑστήκασι μαινόμενοι, καὶ ψύχους, καὶ ὑετοῦ, καὶ πηλοῦ, καὶ μήκους ὁδοῦ καταφρονοῦντες, καὶ οὐδὲν αὐτοὺς οὔτε οἴκοι κατέχει, οὔτε ἐκεῖ κωλύει διαβῆναι· ἐνταῦθα δὲ καὶ ὀρόφων ἐπικειμένων, καὶ θέρμης οὔσης θαυμαστῆς, ἀναδύονται καὶ οὐ συντρέχουσι· καὶ ταῦτα ἐπὶ κέρδει τῆς οἰκείας ψυχῆς. Ποῦ ταῦτα ἀνεκτὰ, εἰπέ μοι; ∆ιὰ τοῦτο ἐν ἐκείνοις πάντων ὄντες ἐμπειρότεροι, ἐν τοῖς ἀναγκαίοις παίδων ἐσμὲν ἀμαθέστεροι. Κἂν μέν τίς [σε] ἡνίοχον καὶ ὀρχηστὴν καλέσῃ, ὑβρίσθαι φῂς, καὶ πάντα ποιεῖς, ὥστε σε τὸ ὄνειδος