Origen of Alexandria, Against Celsus

Having, in the three preceding books, fully stated what occurred to us by way of answer to the treatise of Celsus, we now, reverend Ambrosius, with prayer to God through Christ, offer this fourth book as a reply to what follows. And we pray that words may be given us, as it is written in the book of Jeremiah that the Lord said to the prophet: “Behold, I have put My words in thy mouth as fire. See, I have set thee this day over the nations, and over the kingdoms, to root out and to pull down, and to destroy, and to throw down, and to build and to plant.”613 Cf. Jer. i. 9, 10. For we need words now which will root out of every wounded soul the reproaches uttered against the truth by this treatise of Celsus, or which proceed from opinions like his. And we need also thoughts which will pull down all edifices based on false opinions, and especially the edifice raised by Celsus in his work which resembles the building of those who said, “Come, let us build us a city, and a tower whose top shall reach to heaven.”614 Cf. Gen. xi. 4. Yea, we even require a wisdom which will throw down all high things that rise against the knowledge of God,615 Cf. 2 Cor. x. 5. and especially that height of arrogance which Celsus displays against us. And in the next place, as we must not stop with rooting out and pulling down the hindrances which have just been mentioned, but must, in room of what has been rooted out, plant the plants of “God’s husbandry;”616 Cf. 1 Cor. iii. 9. and in place of what has been pulled down, rear up the building of God, and the temple of His glory,—we must for that reason pray also to the Lord, who bestowed the gifts named in the book of Jeremiah, that He may grant even to us words adapted both for building up the (temple) of Christ, and for planting the spiritual law, and the prophetic words referring to the same.617 τοὺς ἀνάλογον αὐτῷ προφητικοὺς λόγους. And above all is it necessary to show, as against the assertions of Celsus which follow those he has already made, that the prophecies regarding Christ are true predictions. For, arraying himself at the same time against both parties—against the Jews on the one hand, who deny that the advent of Christ has taken place, but who expect it as future, and against Christians on the other, who acknowledge that Jesus is the Christ spoken of in prophecy—he makes the following statement:—

Ἐν τρισὶ τοῖς πρὸ τούτων διεξελθόντες βιβλίοις τὰ πρὸς τὸ Κέλσου σύγγραμμα νοηθέντα ἡμῖν, ἱερὲ Ἀμβρόσιε, τέταρτον πρὸς τὰ ἑξῆς εὐξάμενοι διὰ Χριστοῦ τῷ θεῷ ὑπαγορεύομεν. ∆οθεῖεν δ' ἡμῖν λόγοι, περὶ ὧν ἐν τῷ Ἱερεμίᾳ γέγραπται, ὡς τοῦ κυρίου πρὸς τὸν προφήτην εἰπόντος· "Ἰδοὺ δέδωκα τοὺς λόγους μου εἰς τὸ στόμα σου πῦρ. Ἰδοὺ κατέστακά σε σήμερον ἐπὶ ἔθνη καὶ βασιλείας, ἐκριζοῦν καὶ κατασκάπτειν καὶ ἀπολύειν καὶ κατασπᾶν καὶ ἀνοικο δομεῖν καὶ καταφυτεύειν." Καὶ γὰρ ἡμεῖς νῦν χρῄζομεν λόγων ἐκριζούντων τὰ κατὰ τῆς ἀληθείας ἀπὸ πάσης ψυχῆς, βεβλαμμένης ἀπὸ τοῦ συγγράμματος Κέλσου ἢ τῶν παραπλησίων αὐτῷ νοημάτων. ∆εόμεθα δὲ καὶ νοημάτων, κατασκαπτόντων πάσης ψευδοδοξίας οἰκοδομὰς καὶ [τὰ] τῆς Κέλσου ἐν τῷ συγγράμματι αὐτοῦ οἰκοδομῆς παραπλήσια τῇ οἰκοδομῇ τῶν εἰπόντων· "∆εῦτε οἰκοδομήσωμεν ἑαυτοῖς πόλιν καὶ πύργον, οὗ ἡ κεφαλὴ ἔσται ἕως τοῦ οὐρανοῦ"· ἀλλὰ καὶ χρῄζομεν σοφίας κατασπώσης πάντα τὰ ἐπαιρόμενα "κατὰ τῆς γνώσεως τοῦ θεοῦ" ὑψώματα καὶ τὸ Κέλσου "ἐπαιρόμενον" καθ' ἡμῶν τῆς ἀλαζονείας "ὕψωμα". Εἶτ' ἐπεὶ μὴ χρὴ καταλήγειν ἡμᾶς ἐπὶ τὸ "ἐκριζοῦν καὶ κατασκάπτειν" τὰ προειρημένα ἀλλ' εἰς μὲν τὴν χώραν τῶν ἐκριζωθέντων "καταφυτεύειν" φυτείαν τοῦ κατὰ θεὸν γεωργίου, εἰς δὲ τὸν τόπον τῶν κατασκα φέντων οἰκοδομεῖν θεοῦ οἰκοδομὴν καὶ ναὸν δόξης θεοῦ, διὰ τοῦτο καὶ ἡμῖν εὐκτέον ἐστὶ τῷ δεδωκότι κυρίῳ τὰ ἐν τῷ Ἱερεμίᾳ γεγραμμένα, ἵνα καὶ ἡμῖν δῷ λόγους καὶ πρὸς τὸ οἰκοδομεῖν τὰ τοῦ Χριστοῦ καὶ "καταφυτεύειν" τὸν πνευματικὸν νόμον καὶ τοὺς ἀνάλογον αὐτῷ προφητικοὺς λόγους. Καὶ μάλιστα χρεία ἡμῖν πρὸς τὰ νῦν ἑξῆς τοῖς προειρη μένοις τῷ Κέλσῳ λεγόμενα κατασκευάσαι ὅτι καλῶς τὰ περὶ τοῦ Χριστοῦ πεπροφήτευται. Ἅμα γὰρ πρὸς ἀμφοτέρους ἱστάμενος ὁ Κέλσος, Ἰουδαίους μὲν ἀρνουμένους γεγονέναι τὴν Χριστοῦ ἐπιδημίαν ἐλπίζοντας δ' αὐτὴν ἔσεσθαι, Χριστια νοὺς δὲ ὁμολογοῦντας τὸν Ἰησοῦν εἶναι τὸν προφητευθέντα Χριστόν, φησίν·