240

has been said in places. Therefore he withdrew when he heard about Archelaus, and coming he dwelt in Nazareth, and from there he again went up to Jerusalem every year. You see how much accuracy is found in the divine gospels concerning every matter. But those who are carried away by ignorance, having darkened their own mind, do not know the purpose of each account, but simply open their mouths and loosen their tongues against the holy evangelists, saying nothing in truth, but alienating themselves from life. For this reason, then, Luke, after recounting the first things, again says how in his twelfth year he went up to Jerusalem, so as not to leave an opportunity for those who supposed that he had appeared in the world simply as a perfect man and had come to John at the Jordan, as was suspected by both Cerinthus and Ebion and the others. For the terrible serpent, walking crookedly, does not stand on one opinion, but to some he seems to have been born from friction and the seed of a man, and to others to have appeared simply as a man. Therefore, the holy evangelists, recounting everything in detail, are precise. And by nature Luke, as though raising his thought from things below to things above, says, “Now Jesus himself began to be about thirty years of age, being the son (as was supposed) 2.262 of Joseph.” But the “as was supposed” is not true, but Joseph was in the position of a father because it had so pleased God, but he was not a father who had not had union with Mary, except only that he was called her husband because he was betrothed, being an old man of about eighty years, more or less, and having six sons from his truly first wife, having undertaken this stewardship, as I have also discussed this more precisely elsewhere. How then could he who had no union be his father? Which is impossible. 11. But you will say to me, how then was he called her husband, if he did not have her? But he who doubts these things is ignorant of the things according to the law, that from the time a woman is named to a man, whether she is a virgin or is still in her father's house, such a one is called the wife of the one named; for this reason the holy angel says, “Do not be afraid to take your wife.” And lest anyone think that there is some error in the gospels—for the mystery is astonishing and the narrative is beyond human comprehension, but to the sons of the Holy Spirit alone is it all smooth and enlightened—he says, “He was about thirty years old, being supposed the son of Joseph, of Heli, of Matthan,” and he traces the genealogy back to Abraham, where Matthew also began, but he passes beyond Noah and reaches Adam, in order to signify him who was formed first, sought through him who came from his lump, that is, from the holy virgin Mary. For he came for the sake of him who was once formed and those born from him, who wish to inherit eternal life; and passing beyond Adam, he says, “of God.” From this, then, it was most evident that he was the son of God, but through the seed of Adam by succession he came in the flesh. But again the deceived did not have enlightenment, but contradicted the 2.263 word, deceiving themselves and loving falsehood more than the truth. And they were saying that, behold, the third gospel is the one according to Luke. For this was entrusted to Luke, who was himself one of the seventy-two who were scattered at the word of the Savior, but through the holy Paul returned again to the Lord and was entrusted to preach his gospel. And he preaches first in Dalmatia and Gaul and in Italy and Macedonia. And the beginning was in Gaul, as Paul himself also says about some of his followers in his epistles: “Crescens,” he says, “in Gaul;” for it is not in Galatia, as some mistakenly think, but in Gaul. 12. But I will come to the subject at hand. For when Luke had brought up the

240

τόποις εἴρηται. ἀνεχώρησεν οὖν ἀκούσας περὶ Ἀρχελάου καὶ ἐλθὼν κατῴκησεν εἰς Ναζαρὲτ καὶ ἐκεῖθεν πάλιν κατ' ἔτος ἀνῄει εἰς Ἱερουσαλήμ. ὁρᾷς ὅση τυγχάνει ἀκρίβεια ἐν τοῖς θείοις εὐαγγελίοις περὶ ἑκάστης πραγματείας. οἱ δὲ ἀγνοίᾳ φερόμενοι, τὸν ἑαυτῶν νοῦν σκοτώσαντες οὐκ ἴσασι τὸ τέλος ἑκάστου λόγου, ἀλλὰ ἁπλῶς κατὰ τῶν ἁγίων εὐαγγελιστῶν ἐπαίρουσι τὸ στόμα καὶ χαλῶσι τὴν γλῶτταν, μηδὲν μὲν λέγοντες ἐν ἀληθείᾳ, ἑαυτοὺς δὲ τῆς ζωῆς ἀπαλλοτριοῦντες. Ἔνθεν γοῦν ὁ Λουκᾶς μετὰ τὸ διηγήσασθαι τὰ πρῶτα πάλιν λέγει πῶς ἐν τῷ δωδεκάτῳ ἔτει ἀνῆλθεν εἰς Ἱερουσαλήμ, ἵνα μὴ παραλείψῃ τόπον τοῖς νομίσασιν αὐτὸν ἁπλῶς ἄνδρα τέλειον ἐν κόσμῳ πεφηνέναι καὶ εἰς τὸν Ἰορδάνην πρὸς τὸν Ἰωάννην ἡκέναι, ὡς ὑπελήφθη ὑπό τε Κηρίνθου καὶ Ἐβίωνος καὶ τῶν ἄλλων. δεινὸς γὰρ ὁ ὄφις σκαληνῶς διαβαίνων ἐν μιᾷ γνώμῃ οὐχ ἵσταται, ἀλλὰ τοῖς μὲν δοκεῖ ἐκ παρατριβῆς καὶ σπέρματος ἀνδρὸς γεγενῆσθαι, τοῖς δ' ἄλλοις ἁπλῶς ἄνθρωπος πεφηνέναι. διὸ κατὰ τὸ λεπτὸν τὰ πάντα διηγούμενοι οἱ ἅγιοι εὐαγγελισταὶ ἀκριβοῦσι. καὶ φύσει ὁ Λουκᾶς ὡς ἀπὸ κάτωθεν ἐπὶ τὰ ἄνω ἀναφέρων τὴν διάνοιαν φάσκει «ἦν δὲ Ἰησοῦς ἀρχόμενος εἶναι ὡς ἐτῶν τριάκοντα, ὢν υἱὸς ὡς ἐνομίζετο 2.262 τοῦ Ἰωσήφ». τὸ δὲ νομίζεσθαι οὐκ ἀληθές ἐστιν, ἀλλὰ ἐν τάξει μὲν πατρὸς ἐτύγχανεν ὁ Ἰωσὴφ διὰ τὸ οὕτως τῷ θεῷ δεδόχθαι, οὐκ ἦν δὲ πατὴρ ὁ μὴ πρὸς τὴν Μαριὰμ ἐσχηκὼς συνάφειαν ἢ μόνον ὅτι ἀνὴρ ἐκλήθη διὰ τὸ μεμνηστεῦθαι πρεσβύτης ὀγδοήκοντα ἐτῶν που τυγχάνων πλείω ἐλάσσω καὶ ἔχων ἓξ υἱοὺς ἀπὸ τῆς ὄντως αὐτοῦ γαμετῆς πρώτης, ταύτην δὲ τὴν οἰκονομίαν παρειληφώς, ὡς καὶ ἄλλῃ που ἀκριβέστερον περὶ τούτου διῆλθον. πῶς οὖν ὁ μὴ ἔχων συνάφειαν πατὴρ αὐτοῦ ἐτύγχανεν; ὅπερ ἀδύνατον. 11. Ἀλλὰ ἐρεῖς μοι, πῶς οὖν ἀνὴρ αὐτῆς ἐκέκλητο, εἰ μὴ ἔσχε ταύτην; ὁ δὲ ταῦτα ἀμφιβάλλων ἀγνοεῖ τὰ κατὰ τὸν νόμον, ὅτι ἐξότε ὀνομάζεται γυνὴ ἀνδρί, κἄν τε παρθένος εἴη κἄν τε ἐν οἴκῳ πατρὸς ἔτι ὑπάρχει, γυνὴ τοῦ ὠνομασμένου λέγεται ἡ τοιαύτη· τούτου ἕνεκεν ὁ ἅγιος ἄγγελός φησι «μὴ φοβηθῇς παραλαβεῖν τὴν γυναῖκά σου». καὶ ἵνα μή τις νομίσῃ ὅτι πλάνη τις ἐστὶν ἐν τοῖς εὐαγγελίοις-ἔκπληκτον γὰρ τὸ μυστήριον καὶ ἡ διήγησις ὑπὲρ ἄνθρωπον, μόνοις δὲ τοῖς υἱοῖς τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματός ἐστι πᾶσα λεία τε καὶ πεφωτισμένη-, φησί «ἦν ὡς ἐτῶν τριάκοντα, ὡς ἐνομίζετο υἱὸς τοῦ Ἰωσὴφ τοῦ Ἠλὶ τοῦ Ματθάν», καὶ ἀναφέρει τὴν γέννησιν ἐπὶ τὸν Ἀβραάμ, ὅθεν καὶ ὁ Ματθαῖος ἐνήρξατο, ὑπερβαίνει δὲ τὸν Νῶε καὶ φθάνει ἐπὶ τὸν Ἀδάμ, ἵνα τὸν ἀπὸ πρώτης πλασθέντα σημάνῃ, ζητούμενον διὰ τοῦ ἀπὸ τοῦ φυράματος αὐτοῦ ἐλθόντος τουτέστιν ἀπὸ τῆς ἁγίας παρθένου Μαρίας. ἦλθε γὰρ δι' ἐκεῖνον τόν ποτε πλασθέντα καὶ τοὺς ὑπ' αὐτοῦ γεγεννημένους, θέλοντας ζωὴν αἰώνιον κληρονομῆσαι· ὑπερβὰς δὲ τὸν Ἀδὰμ λέγει «τοῦ θεοῦ». ἐντεῦθεν λοιπὸν ἦν φανερώτατον ὅτι τοῦ μὲν θεοῦ ἦν υἱός, διὰ δὲ τοῦ σπέρματος τοῦ Ἀδὰμ κατὰ διαδοχὴν ἐν σαρκὶ παρεγένετο. ἀλλὰ οὐκ ἔσχον πάλιν φωτισμὸν οἱ πεπλανημένοι, ἀντέλεγον δὲ τῷ 2.263 λόγῳ, ἑαυτοὺς πλανῶντες καὶ τὸ ψεῦδος ἀγαπῶντες ὑπὲρ τὴν ἀλήθειαν. ἔφασκον δὲ ὅτι ἰδοὺ τρίτον εὐαγγέλιον τὸ κατὰ Λουκᾶν. τοῦτο γὰρ ἐπετράπη τῷ Λουκᾷ, ὄντι καὶ αὐτῷ ἀπὸ τῶν ἑβδομήκοντα δύο τῶν διασκορπισθέντων ἐπὶ τῷ τοῦ σωτῆρος λόγῳ, διὰ δὲ Παύλου τοῦ ἁγίου πάλιν ἐπανακάμψαντι πρὸς τὸν κύριον ἐπιτραπέντι τε αὐτοῦ κηρῦξαι τὸ εὐαγγέλιον. καὶ κηρύττει πρῶτον ἐν ∆αλματίᾳ καὶ Γαλλίᾳ καὶ ἐν Ἰταλίᾳ καὶ Μακεδονίᾳ. ἀρχὴ δὲ ἐν τῇ Γαλλίᾳ, ὡς καὶ περί τινων τῶν αὐτοῦ ἀκολούθων λέγει ἐν ταῖς αὐτοῦ ἐπιστολαῖς ὁ αὐτὸς Παῦλος· «Κρήσκης, φησίν, ἐν τῇ Γαλλίᾳ»· οὐ γὰρ ἐν τῇ Γαλατίᾳ, ὥς τινες πλανηθέντες νομίζουσιν, ἀλλὰ ἐν τῇ Γαλλίᾳ. 12. Πλὴν ἐπὶ τὸ προκείμενον ἐλεύσομαι. ἀνενέγκαντος γὰρ τοῦ Λουκᾶ τὰς