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may lay his head; but still in another way He was establishing this same point, and was managing the gain from it. For His having come this way was the same thing, or even far greater, than being witnessed to by him who had come. And otherwise, John showed nothing more, except his life and conduct; for John, it says, did no sign; but He had the witness both from signs and from miracles. Therefore, leaving John to shine by his fasting, He Himself came the opposite way, going to the tables of tax collectors, and eating and drinking. 4. Let us ask the Jews then: Is fasting good and wonderful? Then you ought to have obeyed John, and accepted him, and believed what was said by him. For so those words were going to bring you to Jesus. But is fasting burdensome and grievous? Then you ought to have obeyed Jesus, and believed Him who came the opposite way. For through both ways you were going to enter into the kingdom. But like a stubborn 57.424 beast they disparaged both. The accusation was not, therefore, of those who were not believed, but the charge was of those who did not believe. For no one would ever choose to disparage opposites, just as they would not praise them either. I mean something like this: he who accepts a cheerful and relaxed man will not accept a sullen and severe one; he who praises the sullen one will not praise the cheerful one. For it is impossible to cast a vote for both this and that one. For this reason He Himself says, We have piped to you, and you have not danced; that is, I showed you the relaxed life, and you were not persuaded. And, We have mourned, and you have not lamented; that is, John pursued the hard and severe life, and you did not pay attention. And He does not say, He this one, and I that one; but since the mind of both was one, even if their practices were opposite, for this reason He says that what was done was common to both. For even coming by the opposite way was done by a concerted agreement, looking to one end. What defense, then, could you have left? For this reason He also added, And wisdom is justified by her children; that is, even if you were not persuaded, you have no further reason to blame Me. Which the prophet says concerning the Father: That you may be justified in your words. For God, even if He accomplishes nothing more by His care for us, fulfills all things on His part, so as to leave not even a shadow of ungrateful doubt for those who wish to be shameless. But if the examples are humble and ill-sounding, do not be surprised; for He was speaking to the weakness of His hearers. Since Ezekiel also speaks many examples suitable for them, and unworthy of the greatness of God. But this especially is worthy of His providence. But consider them also from another side being carried into opposite opinions. For after saying of John that he has a demon, they did not stop at this, but also said this same thing again about Him who chose the opposite; thus they were always being carried about into conflicting opinions. But Luke, along with these things, also adds another, greater accusation against them, saying: For the tax collectors justified God, having received the baptism of John. Then He rebukes the cities, when wisdom was justified, when He showed all things had been fulfilled. For since He did not persuade, He then pronounces a woe, which is more than to frighten. For He demonstrated the teaching from His words, and the working of miracles from His signs. But since they remained in their disobedience, He then rebukes. For then, it says, Jesus began to rebuke the cities in which most of His mighty works were done, because they did not repent, saying: Woe to you, Chorazin; woe to you, Bethsaida. Then so that you may learn that they were not such by nature, He also gives the name of the city, from which five apostles came forth. For both Philip and those two pairs of the chief apostles were from there. Because if the mighty works that were done in you had been done in Tyre and Sidon, he says, they would have repented in sackcloth and ashes. But I say to you, it will be more tolerable for Tyre and Sidon in the day of judgment than for you. And you, Capernaum, who to the

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κεφαλὴν κλίνῃ· πλὴν ἀλλὰ καὶ ἑτέρως τὸ αὐτὸ τοῦτο κατεσκεύαζε, καὶ τὸ ἐντεῦθεν ᾠκονόμει κέρδος. Τοῦ γὰρ ἐλθεῖν αὐτὸν τὴν ὁδὸν ταύτην, ταὐτὸν ἦν, ἢ καὶ πολλῷ μεῖζον, τὸ ὑπὸ τοῦ ἐλθόντος μαρτυρεῖσθαι. Ἄλλως δὲ, ὁ μὲν Ἰωάννης οὐδὲν πλέον ἐπεδείξατο, πλὴν τοῦ βίου καὶ τῆς πολιτείας· Ἰωάννης γὰρ, φησὶν, οὐδὲν ἐποίησε σημεῖον· αὐτὸς δὲ καὶ τὴν ἀπὸ τῶν σημείων καὶ τὴν ἀπὸ τῶν θαυμάτων μαρτυρίαν εἶχεν. Ἀφεὶς τοίνυν Ἰωάννην ἀπὸ τῆς νηστείας λάμπειν, αὐτὸς τὴν ἐναντίαν ἦλθε, καὶ εἰς τραπέζας εἰσιὼν τελωνῶν, καὶ ἐσθίων καὶ πίνων. δʹ. Ἐρώμεθα τοίνυν Ἰουδαίους· Καλὸν ἡ νηστεία καὶ θαυμαστόν; Οὐκοῦν ἔδει πείθεσθαι Ἰωάννῃ, καὶ ἀποδέχεσθαι αὐτὸν, καὶ πιστεύειν τοῖς ὑπ' αὐτοῦ λεγομένοις. Οὕτω γὰρ ὑμᾶς ἔμελλεν ἐκεῖνα τὰ ῥήματα προσάγειν τῷ Ἰησοῦ. Ἀλλὰ φορτικὸν ἡ νηστεία καὶ ἐπαχθές; Οὐκοῦν ἔδει πείθεσθαι τῷ Ἰησοῦ, καὶ πιστεύειν αὐτῷ τὴν ἐναντίαν ἐλθόντι. ∆ι' ἀμφοτέρας γὰρ ὁδοῦ εἰς τὴν βασιλείαν ἐμέλλετε ἐμπίπτειν. Ἀλλ' ὥσπερ θηρίον δύσ 57.424 τροπον ἑκατέρους ἐκάκιζον. Οὐκ ἄρα τὸ ἔγκλημα τῶν μὴ πιστευθέντων, ἀλλ' ἡ κατηγορία τῶν μὴ πιστευσάντων ἦν. Οὐδεὶς γάρ ποτε τὰ ἐναντία κακίζειν ἕλοιτο, ὥσπερ οὖν οὐδὲ ἐπαινεῖν. Οἷόν τι λέγω· ὁ τὸν φαιδρὸν ἀποδεχόμενος ἄνθρωπον καὶ ἀνειμένον, τὸν σκυθρωπὸν καὶ βαρὺν οὐκ ἀποδέξεται· ὁ τὸν σκυθρωπὸν ἐπαινῶν, τὸν φαιδρὸν οὐκ ἐπαινέσει. Ἀμήχανον γὰρ καὶ ταύτην κἀκείνην τιθέναι τὴν ψῆφον. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο καὶ αὐτός φησιν· Ηὐλήσαμεν ὑμῖν, καὶ οὐκ ὠρχήσασθε· τουτέστι, Τὸν ἀνειμένον βίον ὑπέδειξα, καὶ οὐκ ἐπείσθητε. Καὶ, Ἐθρηνήσαμεν, καὶ οὐκ ἐκόψασθε· τουτέστιν, Ἰωάννης τὸν σκληρὸν καὶ βαρὺν μετῆλθε βίον, καὶ οὐ προσέσχετε. Καὶ οὐ λέγει, Ἐκεῖνος τοῦτον, κἀγὼ τοῦτον· ἀλλ' ἐπειδὴ μία γνώμη ἑκατέρων ἦν, εἰ καὶ τὰ ἐπιτηδεύματα ἐναντία, διὰ τοῦτο κοινὰ τὰ γεγενημένα φησὶν εἶναι. Καὶ γὰρ καὶ τὸ τὴν ἐναντίαν ἐλθεῖν ὁδὸν, ἀπὸ συμφωνίας ἐπιτεταμένης ἐγίνετο, καὶ πρὸς ἓν βλεπούσης τέλος. Ποίαν οὖν σχοίητε λοιπὸν ἀπολογίαν; ∆ιὰ τοῦτο καὶ ἐπήγαγε· Καὶ ἐδικαιώθη ἡ σοφία ἀπὸ τῶν τέκνων αὐτῆς· τουτέστιν, Εἰ καὶ ὑμεῖς οὐκ ἐπείσθητε, ἀλλ' ἐμοὶ λοιπὸν ἐγκαλεῖν οὐκ ἔχετε. Ὃ περὶ τοῦ Πατρός φησιν ὁ προφήτης· Ὅπως ἂν δικαιωθῇς ἐν τοῖς λόγοις σου. Ὁ γὰρ Θεὸς, κἂν μηδὲν ἀνύῃ πλέον ἀπὸ τῆς περὶ ἡμᾶς κηδεμονίας, τὰ παρ' ἑαυτοῦ πάντα πληροῖ, ὥστε τοῖς ἀναισχυντεῖν βουλομένοις μηδὲ σκιὰν καταλιπεῖν ἀγνώμονος ἀμφιβολίας. Εἰ δὲ τὰ παραδείγματα εὐτελῆ καὶ κακέμφατα, μὴ θαυμάσῃς· πρὸς γὰρ τὴν ἀσθένειαν τῶν ἀκουόντων διελέγετο. Ἐπεὶ καὶ ὁ Ἰεζεκιὴλ πολλὰ λέγει παραδείγματα αὐτοῖς πρόσφορα, καὶ τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ μεγαλωσύνης ἀνάξια. Ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῦτο μάλιστα ἄξιον αὐτοῦ τῆς κηδεμονίας. Σκόπει δὲ αὐτοὺς καὶ ἑτέρωθεν εἰς ἐναντίας περιενεχθέντας δόξας. Εἰπόντες γὰρ περὶ Ἰωάννου, ὅτι δαιμόνιον ἔχει, οὐκ ἔστησαν μέχρι τούτου, ἀλλὰ καὶ περὶ αὐτοῦ τὰ ἐναντία αἱρουμένου τὸ αὐτὸ τοῦτο εἶπον πάλιν· οὕτως εἰς μαχομένας ἀεὶ περιεφέροντο δόξας. Ὁ δὲ Λουκᾶς μετὰ τούτων καὶ ἑτέραν μείζονα τίθησιν αὐτῶν κατηγορίαν, εἰπών· Οἱ γὰρ τελῶναι ἐδικαίωσαν τὸν Θεὸν, δεξάμενοι τὸ βάπτισμα Ἰωάννου. Τότε λοιπὸν ὀνειδίζει τὰς πόλεις, ὅτε ἐδικαιώθη ἡ σοφία, ὅτε ἀπέδειξε πάντα πεπληρωμένα. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ οὐκ ἔπεισε, ταλανίζει λοιπὸν, ὃ τοῦ φοβῆσαι πλέον ἐστί. Καὶ γὰρ τὴν ἀπὸ τῶν λόγων διδασκαλίαν ἐπεδείξατο, καὶ τὴν ἀπὸ τῶν σημείων θαυματουργίαν. Ἐπειδὴ δὲ ἔμειναν ἐπὶ τῆς αὐτῶν ἀπειθείας, ὀνειδίζει λοιπόν. Τότε γὰρ, φησὶν, ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἤρξατο ὀνειδίζειν τὰς πόλεις, ἐν αἷς ἐγένοντο αἱ πλεῖσται δυνάμεις αὐτοῦ, ὅτι οὐ μετενοήσαν, λέγων· Οὐαί σοι, Χοραζίν· οὐαί σοι, Βηθσαϊδά. Εἶτα ἵνα μάθῃς οὐκ ἀπὸ φύσεως αὐτοὺς τοιούτους ὄντας, τίθησι καὶ τὸ ὄνομα τῆς πόλεως, ἀφ' ἧς πέντε προῆλθον ἀπόστολοι. Ὅ τε γὰρ Φίλιππος καὶ αἱ δύο ξυνωρίδες ἐκεῖναι αἱ τῶν κορυφαίων ἐντεῦθεν ἦσαν. Ὅτι εἰ ἐν Τύρῳ καὶ Σιδῶνι ἐγένοντο, φησὶν, αἱ δυνάμεις αἱ γενόμεναι ἐν ὑμῖν, ἐν σάκκῳ καὶ σποδῷ μετενόησαν. Πλὴν λέγω ὑμῖν, Τύρῳ καὶ Σιδῶνι ἀνεκτότερον ἔσται ἐν ἡμέρᾳ κρίσεως, ἢ ὑμῖν. Καὶ σὺ Καπερναοὺμ, ἡ ἕως τοῦ