253

examining in a different way than has been stated, they always brought questions, wanting to shut him up by his words, and being unable to bring any charge against his works, they desired to find some handle from his sayings. For this reason they said, Tell us; and yet he had said it many times. For he said to the Samaritan woman: I who speak to you am he; and to the blind man, You have both seen him, and he who speaks with you, he it is. And to them also he said it, if not in this way, yet through other words. And yet if they had any sense, and wished to examine correctly, it was for them to confess him by their words; for he had shown this many times through his works. But now consider their perverseness and contentiousness. For when he speaks publicly and instructs through words, they say, What sign do you show? But when he provides the proofs through his works, they say to him, If you are the Christ, tell us plainly, seeking words when the works are crying out; and when the words are teaching, they take refuge in the works, always taking the opposite position. For that they were not seeking for the sake of learning, the end showed. For he whom they considered so trustworthy as to accept his testimony even about himself, when he had uttered a few words, they immediately stoned, so that both their surrounding him and their pressing upon him was done with wickedness. And the manner of their question was full of much hostility. For, Tell us plainly, if you are the Christ. And yet he said all things with boldness, always being present at the feasts, and spoke nothing in secret; but for this reason they put forward words of flattery, saying, How long do you make us doubt? so that having drawn him out, they might again find some handle. For that they asked everywhere for this reason, not that they might learn, but that they might attack what was said, is clear not only from this, but from many other places. For when they came asking, Is it lawful to give tribute to Caesar, or not?; and when they disputed about the divorce of a wife; and when they inquired about that woman whom they said had had seven husbands, they were caught, bringing questions to him not from a love of learning, but from a perverse mind. But there he refutes them, saying, Why do you test me, you hypocrites?, showing that he knows their secrets; but here he says nothing of the sort, teaching us not always to refute those who plot against us, but to bear many things with gentleness and meekness. Since therefore it was foolish, when the works were proclaiming him, to seek testimony from his words, hear how he answers them; at once hinting to them that they were seeking these things needlessly, and not for the sake of learning; and at the same time showing that he had uttered a clearer voice than that through words, the voice through his works. For many times, he says, I have told you, and you do not believe me; the works that I do in my Father's name, they are what testify of me. Which also the more tolerable among them continually said to one another; For a sinful man 59.338 cannot do such signs; and again, A demon cannot open the eyes of the blind; and, No one can do such signs, unless God is with him. And seeing the signs that he did, they said, Can this be the Christ? And others said, When the Christ comes, will he do more signs than this man has done? And these very men from this wished to believe in him, saying, What sign do you show us, that we may see and believe you? 2. Since therefore they who had not been persuaded by so many works pretended then to be persuaded by a mere word, he refutes their wickedness, saying that, If you do not believe the works, how will you believe the words? So the question is superfluous. But I told you, he says, and you do not believe me, because you are not of my sheep. For I have fulfilled all my part, what a shepherd ought to do; but if you do not follow me, it is not because I am not a shepherd, but because you are not my sheep. For my sheep, he says, hear my voice, and follow me; and I give them eternal life, and they shall never perish; and no one can snatch them out of my hand. Because the Father, who has given them to me, is greater than all;

253

ἑτέρως ἐξετάζοντες ἢ ὡς εἴρηται, ἀεὶ πεύσεις προσῆγον, ἐπιστομίζειν αὐτὸν ἀπὸ τῶν λόγων βουλόμενοι, καὶ τοῖς ἔργοις οὐδὲν ἐγκαλεῖν δυνάμενοι, λαβήν τινα ἀπὸ τῶν ῥημάτων ἐπεθύμουν εὑρεῖν. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο ἔλεγον, Εἰπὲ ἡμῖν· καίτοι πολλάκις εἶπε. Καὶ γὰρ τῇ Σαμαρείτιδι ἔλεγεν· Ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ λαλῶν σοι· καὶ τῷ τυφλῷ, Καὶ ἑώρακας αὐτὸν, καὶ ὁ λαλῶν μετὰ σοῦ, ἐκεῖνός ἐστιν. Κἀκείνοις δὲ εἶπεν, εἰ καὶ μὴ οὕτως, ἀλλὰ δι' ἑτέρων ῥημάτων. Καίτοι γε εἰ νοῦν εἶχον, καὶ ὀρθῶς ἐξετάζειν ἠβούλοντο, διὰ λόγων αὐτὸν ὁμολογῆσαι λοιπὸν ἐκείνων ἦν· διὰ γὰρ τῶν ἔργων αὐτὸς ἐπεδείξατο τοῦτο πολλάκις. Νυνὶ δὲ σκόπει τὸ διεστραμμένον αὐτῶν καὶ φιλόνεικον. Ὅταν μὲν γὰρ δημηγορῇ καὶ διὰ λόγων παιδεύῃ, λέγουσι Τί σημεῖον δεικνύεις; Ὅταν δὲ διὰ τῶν ἔργων παρέχηται τὰς ἀποδείξεις, λέγουσιν αὐτῷ, Εἰ σὺ εἶ ὁ Χριστὸς, εἰπὲ ἡμῖν παῤῥησίᾳ, τῶν ἔργων βοώντων, ῥήματα ζητοῦντες· καὶ τῶν ῥημάτων διδασκόντων, ἐπὶ τὰ ἔργα καταφεύγουσι, πρὸς τὸ ἐναντίον ἀεὶ ἱστάμενοι. Ὅτι γὰρ οὐ τοῦ μαθεῖν ἕνεκεν ἐζήτουν, τὸ τέλος ἔδειξεν. Ὃν γὰρ οὕτως ἀξιόπιστον εἶναι ἐνόμιζον, ὡς καὶ περὶ ἑαυτοῦ μαρτυροῦντα δέξασθαι, μικρά τινα φθεγξάμενον, εὐθέως ἐλίθασαν, ὥστε καὶ τὸ κυκλῶσαι καὶ τὸ ἐπικεῖσθαι μετὰ πονηρίας ἐγίνετο. Καὶ ὁ τρόπος δὲ τῆς ἐρωτήσεως πολλῆς ἔγεμεν ἀπεχθείας. Εἰπὲ γὰρ ἡμῖν παῤῥησίᾳ, εἰ σὺ εἶ ὁ Χριστός. Καίτοι γε μετὰ παῤῥησίας ἅπαντα ἔλεγεν ἐν ταῖς ἑορταῖς ἐπιχωριάζων ἀεὶ, καὶ οὐδὲν κρύφα ἐλάλει· ἀλλὰ διὰ τοῦτο κολακείας προβάλλονται ῥήματα, λέγοντες, Ἕως πότε τὴν ψυχὴν ἡμῶν αἴρεις; ἵνα αὐτὸν ἐκκαλεσάμενοι, πάλιν τινὰ λαβὴν εὕρωσιν. Ὅτι γὰρ πανταχοῦ διὰ τοῦτο ἠρώτων, οὐχ ἵνα μάθωσιν, ἀλλ' ἵνα τοῖς λεγομένοις ἐπισκήψωσιν, οὐκ ἐντεῦθεν μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀλλαχόθεν πολλαχόθεν δῆλόν ἐστι. Καὶ γὰρ ὅτε προσῆλθον ἐρωτῶντες, εἰ Ἔξεστι δοῦναι κῆνσον Καίσαρι, ἢ οὔ· καὶ ὅτε περὶ ἀφέσεως γυναικὸς διελέγοντο· καὶ ὅτε περὶ ἐκείνης ἐπυνθάνοντο, ἣν ἔφασαν ἑπτὰ ἄνδρας ἐσχηκέναι, ἑάλωσαν, οὐκ ἀπὸ φιλομαθείας, ἀλλ' ἀπὸ γνώμης σκαιᾶς πεύσεις αὐτῷ προσάγοντες. Ἀλλ' ἐκεῖ μὲν αὐτοὺς ἐλέγχει λέγων· Τί με πειράζετε, ὑποκριταί; δεικνὺς ὅτι οἶδεν αὐτῶν τὰ ἀπόῤῥητα· ἐνταῦθα δὲ οὐδὲν τοιοῦτον φθέγγεται, παιδεύων ἡμᾶς μὴ πάντοτε ἐλέγχειν τοὺς ἐπιβουλεύοντας, ἀλλ' ἐπιεικείᾳ καὶ πραότητι πολλὰ φέρειν. Ἐπεὶ οὖν ἀνοίας ἦν, τῶν ἔργων αὐτὸν ἀνακηρυττόντων, τὴν ἀπὸ τῶν λόγων ζητεῖν μαρτυρίαν, ἄκουσον πῶς αὐτοῖς ἀποκρίνεται· ὁμοῦ μὲν αὐτοὺς αἰνιττόμενος ὅτι περισσῶς ταῦτα ἐζήτουν, καὶ οὐχ ὑπὲρ τοῦ μαθεῖν· ὁμοῦ δὲ δηλῶν, ὅτι καὶ τῆς διὰ τῶν ῥημάτων σαφεστέραν ἀφῆκε φωνὴν, τὴν διὰ τῶν ἔργων. Πολλάκις γὰρ, φησὶν, εἶπον ὑμῖν, καὶ οὐ πιστεύετέ μοι· τὰ ἔργα ἃ ἐγὼ ποιῶ ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι τοῦ Πατρός μου, ἐκεῖνά ἐστι τὰ μαρτυροῦντα περὶ ἐμοῦ. Ὅπερ καὶ οἱ ἀνεκτότεροι αὐτῶν συνεχῶς πρὸς ἀλλήλους ἔλεγον· Οὐ γὰρ 59.338 δύναται ἄνθρωπος ἁμαρτωλὸς τοιαῦτα σημεῖα ποιεῖν· καὶ πάλιν. Οὐ δύναται δαιμόνιον ὀφθαλμοὺς τυφλῶν ἀνοίγειν· καὶ, Οὐδεὶς δύναται σημεῖα τοιαῦτα ποιεῖν, ἐὰν μὴ ᾖ μετ' αὐτοῦ ὁ Θεός. Καὶ θεωροῦντες τὰ σημεῖα ἃ ἐποίει, ἔλεγον· Μή τι οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ Χριστός; Ἄλλοι δὲ ἔλεγον, Ὅταν ἔλθῃ ὁ Χριστὸς, μὴ πλείονα σημεῖα ποιήσει ὧν ἐποίησεν οὗτος; Καὶ αὐτοὶ δὲ οὗτοι ἐντεῦθεν ἐβούλοντο πιστεῦσαι αὐτῷ λέγοντες· Τί σημεῖον δεικνύεις ἡμῖν, ἵνα ἴδωμεν καὶ πιστεύσωμεν σοι; βʹ. Ἐπεὶ οὖν προσεποιοῦντο τότε ἀπὸ ψιλοῦ πείθεσθαι ῥήματος, οἱ τοσούτοις μὴ πεισθέντες ἔργοις, ἐλέγχει τὴν πονηρίαν αὐτῶν λέγων, ὅτι Εἰ τοῖς ἔργοις οὐ πιστεύετε, πῶς τοῖς ῥήμασι πιστεύσετε; Ὥστε περιττὴ ἡ ἐρώτησις. Ἀλλ' εἶπον ὑμῖν, φησὶ, καὶ οὐ πιστεύετέ μοι, ὅτι οὐκ ἐστὲ ἐκ τῶν προβάτων τῶν ἐμῶν. Ἐγὼ μὲν γὰρ τὰ παρ' ἐμαυτοῦ πάντα ἐπλήρωσα, ἃ τὸν ποιμένα ποιῆσαι ἐχρῆν· εἰ δὲ μὴ ἀκολουθεῖτέ μοι, οὐκ ἐπειδὴ οὐκ εἰμὶ ποιμὴν, ἀλλ' ἐπειδὴ ὑμεῖς οὐκ ἐστὲ πρόβατα τὰ ἐμά. Τὰ γὰρ πρόβατα τὰ ἐμὰ, φησὶ, τῆς φωνῆς μου ἀκούει, καὶ ἀκολουθεῖ μοι· καὶ ζωὴν αἰώνιον δίδωμι αὐτοῖς, καὶ οὐ μὴ ἀπόλωνται εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα· καὶ οὐδεὶς δύναται ταῦτα ἁρπάσαι ἐκ τῆς χειρός μου. Ὅτι ὁ Πατὴρ, ὃς ἔδωκέ μοι, μείζων πάντων ἐστί·