269

you have said that I am a deceiver, that I am an opponent of God. These things I forgive you if you repent, and I do not demand punishment from you; but the blasphemy against the Spirit will not be forgiven, not even to those who repent. And how could this be reasonable? For even this was forgiven to those who repent. Indeed, many of those who said these things later believed, and all was forgiven them. What then is it that he says? That this sin is above all others unpardonable. Why so? Because they did not know who He was; but of the Spirit they had received sufficient proof. For the prophets spoke through Him what they spoke, and all in the Old Testament had the greatest conception of Him. What he says, therefore, is this: Let it be, you stumble at me because of the flesh which is around me; can you also say of the Spirit, "We do not know it"? For this very reason your blasphemy will be unpardonable, and you will pay the penalty both here and there. For many have been punished only here, like the fornicator, like those who unworthily partook of the mysteries among the Corinthians; but you, both here and there. Therefore, whatever blasphemies you spoke against me before the cross, I forgive; and even the audacity of the cross itself; and for your unbelief alone you will not be condemned. (For not even those who believed before the cross had a perfected faith. And in many places he commands that no one should make him known before the passion; and on the cross he said that this sin should be forgiven them.) But what you have said concerning the Spirit, these things will not have pardon. For that he is speaking of the things said against him before the cross, he added: Whoever speaks a word against the Son of Man, it will be forgiven him; but whoever speaks against the Holy Spirit, no longer. Why? Because this is known to you, and you are shameless against what is evident. For even if you say you do not know me, you surely do not fail to know that casting out demons and performing healings is the work of the Holy Spirit. Therefore you do not insult me only, but also the Holy Spirit. Therefore your penalty is inexorable both here and there. For of men, some are punished both here and there; some only here; some only there; and some neither here nor there. Here and there, like these very men; (for they paid the penalty here, when they suffered those irreparable things when the city was captured; and there they will endure a most grievous one;) like the citizens of Sodom, like many others. There only, like the rich man who 57.450 was tormented in flames, and was not master even of a drop of water. Here, like the fornicator among the Corinthians. Neither here nor there, like the apostles, like the prophets, like the blessed Job; for what they suffered were not punishments, but contests and struggles. 4. Let us strive, therefore, to be of their portion, but if not of theirs, at least of those whose sins are washed away here. For that judgment is fearful, and the retribution inexorable, and the punishment irreparable. But if you wish not to pay the penalty even here, judge yourself, demand an accounting of yourself. Hear Paul saying, that "If we judged ourselves, we would not be judged." If you do this, proceeding on the way you will also come to a crown. And how shall we exact punishment from ourselves? he says. Weep, groan bitterly, humble yourself, afflict yourself, recall your sins in detail. This is no small torment of the soul. If anyone has been in compunction, he knows that the soul is punished by this more than anything. If anyone has been in remembrance of sins, he knows the pain from it. For this reason God sets righteousness as a prize for such repentance, saying: "Declare your sins first, that you may be justified." For it is not, it is not a small thing for correction, to gather all one's sins together, to turn them over continually in detail and to ponder them. For he who does this will be so filled with compunction, as to consider himself not even worthy to live; and he who considers this will be softer than any wax. For do not tell me of fornication only, nor of adultery, nor of these things which are manifest and acknowledged by all; but also gather together secret plots, and slanders, and evil-speakings, and vainglories, and envy, and all such things. Not even

269

εἰρήκατε, ὅτι πλάνος, ὅτι ἀντίθεος. Ταῦτα ὑμῖν ἀφίημι μετανοοῦσι, καὶ οὐκ ἀπαιτῶ δίκας ὑμᾶς· ἡ δὲ τοῦ Πνεύματος βλασφημία οὐκ ἀφεθήσεται, οὐδὲ μετανοοῦσι. Καὶ πῶς ἂν ἔχοι τοῦτο λόγον; Καὶ γὰρ καὶ αὕτη ἀφείθη μετανοοῦσι. Πολλοὶ γοῦν τῶν ταῦτα εἰρηκότων ἐπίστευσαν ὕστερον, καὶ πάντα αὐτοῖς ἀφείθη. Τί οὖν ἐστιν ὅ φησιν; Ὅτι ὑπὲρ πάντα αὕτη ἡ ἁμαρτία ἀσύγγνωστος. Τί δήποτε; Ὅτι αὐτὸν μὲν ἠγνόουν ὅστις ποτὲ ἦν· τοῦ δὲ Πνεύματος ἱκανὴν εἰλήφασι πεῖραν. Καὶ γὰρ οἱ προφῆται δι' αὐτοῦ ἐφθέγξαντο ἅπερ ἐφθέγξαντο, καὶ πάντες δὲ οἱ ἐν τῇ Παλαιᾷ μεγίστην περὶ αὐτοῦ εἶχον ἔννοιαν. Ὃ τοίνυν λέγει, τοῦτό ἐστιν· Ἔστω, ἐμοὶ προσπταίετε διὰ τὴν σάρκα τὴν περικειμένην· μὴ καὶ περὶ τοῦ Πνεύματος ἔχετε εἰπεῖν, ὅτι Ἀγνοοῦμεν αὐτό; ∆ιὰ δὴ τοῦτο ἀσύγγνωστος ὑμῖν ἔσται ἡ βλασφημία, καὶ ἐνταῦθα καὶ ἐκεῖ δώσετε δίκην. Πολλοὶ μὲν γὰρ ἐνταῦθα ἐκολάσθησαν μόνον, ὡς ὁ πεπορνευκὼς, ὡς οἱ ἀναξίως μετασχόντες μυστηρίων παρὰ Κορινθίοις· ὑμεῖς δὲ καὶ ἐνταῦθα καὶ ἐκεῖ. Ὅσα μὲν οὖν ἐβλασφημήσατε κατ' ἐμοῦ πρὸ τοῦ σταυροῦ, ἀφίημι· καὶ αὐτὸ δὲ τοῦ σταυροῦ τὸ τόλμημα· καὶ ὑπὲρ τῆς ἀπιστίας οὐ κατακριθήσεσθε μόνης. (Οὐδὲ γὰρ οἱ πρὸ τοῦ σταυροῦ πιστεύσαντες πεπληρωμένην πίστιν εἶχον. Καὶ πολλαχοῦ δὲ παραγγέλλει μηδενὶ κατάδηλον αὐτὸν ποιεῖν πρὸ τοῦ πάθους· καὶ ἐν τῷ σταυρῷ ταύτην ἔλεγεν ἀφεθῆναι αὐτοῖς τὴν ἁμαρτίαν.) Ἃ δὲ περὶ τοῦ Πνεύματος εἰρήκατε, ταῦτα οὐχ ἕξει συγγνώμην. Ὅτι γὰρ περὶ τῶν εἰς αὐτὸν εἰρημένων πρὸ τοῦ σταυροῦ φησιν, ἐπήγαγεν· Ὃς ἂν εἴπῃ λόγον κατὰ τοῦ Υἱοῦ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου, ἀφεθήσεται αὐτῷ· ὃς δ' ἂν εἴπῃ κατὰ τοῦ ἁγίου Πνεύματος, οὐκέτι. ∆ιατί; Ὅτι τοῦτο γνώριμον ὑμῖν ἐστι, καὶ πρὸς τὰ δῆλα ἀναισχυντεῖτε. Εἰ γὰρ καὶ ἐμὲ λέγετε ἀγνοεῖν, οὐ δήπου κἀκεῖνο ἀγνοεῖτε, ὅτι τὸ δαίμονας ἐκβάλλειν καὶ ἰάσεις ἐπιτελεῖν τοῦ ἁγίου Πνεύματος ἔργον ἐστίν. Οὐκ ἄρα ἐμὲ ὑβρίζετε μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον. ∆ιὸ καὶ ἀπαραίτητος ὑμῖν ἡ δίκη καὶ ἐνταῦθα καὶ ἐκεῖ. Καὶ γὰρ τῶν ἀνθρώπων οἱ μὲν καὶ ἐνταῦθα κολάζονται καὶ ἐκεῖ· οἱ δὲ ἐνταῦθα μόνον· οἱ δὲ ἐκεῖ μόνον· οἱ δὲ οὐδὲ ἐνταῦθα, οὐδὲ ἐκεῖ. Ἐνταῦθα μὲν καὶ ἐκεῖ, ὡς οὗτοι αὐτοί· (καὶ γὰρ καὶ ἐνταῦθα ἔδοσαν δίκην, ἡνίκα ἔπαθον τὰ ἀνήκεστα ἐκεῖνα τῆς πόλεως ἁλούσης· καὶ ἐκεῖ χαλεπωτάτην ὑπομενοῦσιν·) ὡς οἱ Σοδόμων πολῖται, ὡς ἕτεροι πολλοί. Ἐκεῖ δὲ μόνον, ὡς ὁ πλούσιος ὁ 57.450 ἀποτηγανιζόμενος, καὶ οὐδὲ σταγόνος κύριος ὤν. Ἐνταῦθα δὲ, ὡς ὁ πεπορνευκὼς παρὰ Κορινθίοις. Οὔτε δὲ ἐνταῦθα, οὔτε ἐκεῖ, ὡς οἱ ἀπόστολοι, ὡς οἱ προφῆται, ὡς ὁ μακάριος Ἰώβ· οὐ γὰρ δὴ κολάσεως ἦν ἅπερ ἔπασχον, ἀλλ' ἀγώνων καὶ παλαισμάτων. δʹ. Σπουδάσωμεν τοίνυν τῆς τούτων γενέσθαι μερίδος, εἰ δὲ μὴ τούτων, κἂν τῶν ἐνταῦθα ἀπολουομένων τὰ ἁμαρτήματα. Καὶ γὰρ φοβερὸν ἐκεῖνο τὸ κριτήριον, καὶ ἀπαραίτητος ἡ τιμωρία, καὶ ἀνήκεστος ἡ κόλασις. Εἰ δὲ βούλει μηδὲ ἐνταῦθα δοῦναι δίκην, σαυτῷ δίκασον, ἀπαίτησον σαυτὸν εὐθύνας. Ἄκουσον Παύλου λέγοντος, ὅτι Εἰ ἑαυτοὺς ἐκρίνομεν, οὐκ ἂν ἐκρινόμεθα. Ἂν τοῦτο ποιῇς, ὁδῷ προβαίνων καὶ ἐπὶ στέφανον ἥξεις. Καὶ πῶς ἀπαιτήσομεν ἑαυτοὺς δίκην; φησί. Θρήνησον, στέναξον πικρὸν, ταπείνωσον σαυτὸν, κάκωσον, ἀνάμνησον τῶν ἁμαρτημάτων κατ' εἶδος. Οὐ μικρὰ τοῦτο βάσανος ψυχῆς. Εἴ τις ἐν κατανύξει γέγονεν, οἶδεν ὅτι μάλιστα πάντων ἡ ψυχὴ τούτῳ κολάζεται. Εἴ τις γέγονεν ἐν ἁμαρτιῶν μνήμῃ, οἶδε τὴν ἐντεῦθεν ὀδύνην. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο δικαιοσύνην ἔπαθλον τίθησιν ὁ Θεὸς τῇ τοιαύτῃ μετανοίᾳ, λέγων· Λέγε σὺ πρῶτος τὰς ἁμαρτίας σου, ἵνα δικαιωθῇς. Οὐ γὰρ ἔστιν, οὐκ ἔστι μικρὸν εἰς διόρθωσιν, τὸ πάντα συναγαγόντας τὰ ἁμαρτήματα, κατ' εἶδος αὐτὰ στρέφειν συνεχῶς καὶ ἀναλογίζεσθαι. Ὁ γὰρ τοῦτο ποιῶν οὕτω κατανυγήσεται, ὡς μήτε τοῦ ζῇν ἄξιον ἑαυτὸν εἶναι νομίζειν· ὁ δὲ τοῦτο νομίζων, κηροῦ παντὸς ἁπαλώτερος ἔσται. Μὴ γάρ μοι πορνείας εἴπῃς μόνον, μηδὲ μοιχείας, μηδὲ ταῦτα τὰ δῆλα καὶ ὡμολογημένα παρὰ πᾶσιν· ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰς λαθραίους ἐπιβουλὰς, καὶ τὰς συκοφαντίας, καὶ τὰς κακηγορίας, καὶ τὰς κενοδοξίας, καὶ τὸν φθόνον, καὶ πάντα τὰ τοιαῦτα σύναγε. Οὐδὲ