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in Mauritania. When John of Rome fell asleep, Theodore was ordained pope in his place. And in Constantinople Paul was ordained, and he too was a heretic. During the time of this Theodore, pope of Rome, the events concerning Pyrrhus in Rome took place, and those concerning Saint Maximus and his disciples, and Martin the most holy pope of Rome, who came after John and was exiled to Cherson. Agatho, succeeding him, renounced the monothelite heresy. Thus at that time, as the church was being disturbed by both the emperors and the impious priests, Amalek of the desert arose, striking us, the people of Christ, and the first fall of the Roman army occurred, the one at Gabitha and Yarmuk, and the lawless bloodshed, after which came the capture of the Palestinians and Caesareans and Jerusalemites, then the Egyptian destruction, and in succession the captivity of the mainland and islands and all of Roman territory, and the loss of the Roman army and fleet in Phoenicia, and the devastation of all Christian peoples and places, 1.738 which did not cease until the persecutor of the church was wretchedly slain in Sicily in the bath of Daphne. In the 21st year, Mohamed, the leader and false prophet of the Saracens, died, having appointed Abu Bakr, his kinsman. And the deluded Hebrews at the beginning of his appearance thought him to be the Christ expected by them, so that some ten of their leading men approached him, and forsook the law of Moses the God-seer and accepted his religion, and lived with him until his slaughter. But when they saw him eating camel meat, they knew that he was not the one they thought. It is necessary to speak about his lineage. This Mohamed, also called Moukhoumet, was descended from the tribe of Ishmael, son of Abraham. For Nizar, the descendant of Ishmael, is proclaimed by all of them. He therefore begat two sons, Mudar and Rabi'ah. And Mudar begat Qusar and Qayton and Themine and Assad and some others who are nameless, who having obtained Madian and the desert by lot, raised cattle, living in tents; and there are also those further in among them from the tribe of Joktan, who are called Amanites, that is, Homerites, who are also merchants. Since Mohamed was poor, he went to a certain wealthy woman, his kinswoman, named Khadijah, 1.739 as a hired hand to drive camels and to trade. Little by little, growing bold, he insinuated himself with the woman, who was a widow, and took her as his wife. And coming to Palestine, he associated with Jews and Christians, and hunted out from them some scriptural matters. Since he was possessed by a demon, and suffered from epilepsy, he soothed his wife, who was greatly distressed because she was well-born and because she was joined to such a poor and demon-possessed man, saying, "I see a vision of an angel called Gabriel, and I fall down." And she, having a monk there who was exiled for his false belief, a friend of hers, reported everything to him, including the name of the angel; and he, wishing to reassure her, said that he spoke truly; for this angel is sent to every prophet. And she, believing the word of the false abba, preached also to other women of her own tribe, and so it passed from women to men. And first he left Abu Bakr as his successor. And his heresy held sway in the regions of Ethribos until the last war, formerly in secret for ten years, and through war for another ten, and openly for nine. This God-hated and thunderstruck man, having encountered Hebrews and Arians and Nestorians, and borrowing from every quarter, from the Jews monarchy, from the Arians that the Word and Spirit are created, and from the Nestorians man-worship, he fashioned a religion for himself, and on the pretext of knowledge of God, having won over the nation, he taught them to circumcise both men and wo 1.740 men and to worship only one god, and to honor Christ as the word of God, but not as son, but as having been born of the holy spirit; and a word and

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Μαυριτανίᾳ. Ἰωάννου δὲ τοῦ Ῥώμης κοιμηθέντος Θεόδωροςχειροτονεῖται πάπας ἀντ' αὐτοῦ. ἐν Κωνσταντινουπόλει δὲ Παῦ λος χειροτονεῖται, καὶ αὐτὸς αἱρετικός. ἐπὶ αὐτοῦ Θεοδώρου τοῦ πάπα Ῥώμης τὰ κατὰ Πύρρον ἐν Ῥώμῃ γενόμενα καὶ τὸν ἅγιον Μάξιμον καὶ τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ, καὶ Μαρτῖνον τὸν ἁγιώτατον πάπαν Ῥώμης, τὸν μετὰ Ἰωάννην γενόμενον καὶ ἐν Χερσῶνι ἐξορισθέντα, ἐπράχθησαν. τοῦτον Ἀγάθων διαδεξάμενος τὸ μονο θέλητον ἀποκηρύττει. οὕτω τότε ὑπό τε τῶν βασιλέων καὶ τῶν δυσσεβῶν ἱερέων τῆς ἐκκλησίας ταραττομένης, ἀνέστη ὁ ἐρημικὸς Ἀμαλὴκ τύπτων ἡμᾶς τὸν τοῦ Χριστοῦ λαόν, καὶ γίνεται πρώτη πτῶσις τοῦ Ῥωμαϊκοῦ στρατοῦ ἡ κατὰ τοῦ Γαβιθὰν καὶ Ἰερμουχάμ, καὶ ἡ ἄθεσμος αἱματεκχυσία, μεθ' ἣν ἡ Παλαιστινῶν καὶ Καισαρέων καὶ Ἱεροσολυμιτῶν ἅλωσις, εἶτα ὁ Αἰγύπτιος ὄλεθρος, καὶ καθεξῆς ἡ τῶν μεσογείων καὶ νήσων καὶ πάσης Ῥωμανίας αἰχμαλωσία, καὶ ἡ ἐν Φοινίκῃ τοῦ Ῥωμαϊκοῦ στρατοῦ καὶ στόλου ἀπώλεια, καὶ πάντων τῶν Χριστιανῶν λαῶν καὶ τόπων ἐρημώσεις, 1.738 αἵτινες οὐκ ἐπαύσαντο ἄχρις ἂν ὁ τῆς ἐκκλησίας διώκτης ἐν Σικε λίᾳ κακῶν ἀνῃρέθη ἐν τῷ βαλανείῳ τῆς ∆άφνης. Τῷ καʹ ἔτει ἀπεβίω Μωάμεδ ὁ τῶν Σαρακηνῶν ἀρχηγὸς ψευδοπροφήτης, προχειρισάμενος Ἀβουβάχαρ τὸν συγγενῆ αὐτοῦ. οἱ δὲ πεπλανημένοι Ἑβραῖοι ἐν ἀρχῇ τῆς παρουσίας αὐτοῦ ἐνόμι σαν αὐτὸν εἶναι τὸν παρ' αὐτοῖς προσδοκώμενον Χριστόν, ὡς καί τινας τὸν ἀριθμὸν δέκα προύχοντας αὐτῶν προσελθεῖν αὐτῷ, ἀφεῖναί τε τὴν τοῦ θεόπτου Μωσέως καὶ δέξασθαι τὴν αὐτοῦ θρησκείαν, καὶ σὺν αὐτῷ διάγειν μέχρι τῆς σφαγῆς αὐτοῦ. θεω ρήσαντες δὲ αὐτὸν ἐσθίοντα ἀπὸ καμήλου ἔγνωσαν ὅτι οὐκ ἔστιν αὐτὸς ὃν ἐνόμισαν. ἀναγκαῖον δὲ εἰπεῖν περὶ τῆς τούτου γενεᾶς. Οὗτος ὁ Μωάμεδ ὁ καὶ Μουχούμετ ἐξ Ἰσμαὴλ ἦν τούτου τὴν φυλὴν κατάγων, υἱοῦ Ἀβραάμ. Νίζαρος γὰρ ὁ τοῦ Ἰσμαὴλ ἀπόγονος παρὰ πάντων αὐτῶν ἀναγορεύεται. οὗτος οὖν γεννᾷ υἱοὺς δύο, Μούδαρον καὶ Ῥαβίαν. ὁ δὲ Μούδαρος τίκτει Κού σαρον καὶ Καΐτον καὶ Θεμίνην καὶ Ἀσσαδὸν καὶ ἄλλους τινὰς ἀνωνύμους, οἳ τὴν Μαδιὰμ καὶ τὴν ἔρημον κληρωσάμενοι ἐκτηνο τρόφουν ἐν σκηναῖς κατοικοῦντες· εἰσὶ δὲ καὶ οἱ ἐνδότεροι αὐτῶν ἐκ τῆς φυλῆς τοῦ Ἰεκτάν, οἱ λεγόμενοι Ἀμανῖται, τουτέστιν Ὁμηρῖται, οἳ καὶ ἔμποροι. ἀπόρου δὲ ὄντος τοῦ Μωάμεδ, εἰσῆλθε πρός τινα γυναῖκα πλουσίαν συγγενίδα αὐτοῦ, ὀνόματι Χαδιχᾶ, 1.739 μισθωτὸς ἐπὶ τῷ καμηλεύειν καὶ πραγματεύεσθαι. κατ' ὀλίγον δὲ παρρησιασάμενος ὑπεισῆλθε τῇ γυναικὶ χήρᾳ οὔσῃ, καὶ ἔλαβεν αὐτὴν γυναῖκα. ἐρχόμενος δὲ ἐν Παλαιστίνῃ συνανεστρέφετο Ἰουδαίοις καὶ Χριστιανοῖς, καὶ ἐθήρα ἐξ αὐτῶν τινὰ γραφικά. ἐπεὶ δὲ δαιμονιῶν ἦν, ἐνόσησε δὲ καὶ ἐπιληψίαν, ἐθεράπευε τὴν γυναῖκα λυπουμένην σφόδρα ὅτι ἦν εὐγενὴς καὶ ὅτι συνήφθη τοι ούτῳ ἀπόρῳ καὶ δαιμονιῶντι, λέγων "ἀγγέλου ὀπτασίαν λεγομένου Γαβριὴλ θεωρῶ καὶ πίπτω." αὕτη δὲ ἔχουσα μοναχὸν διὰ κακο πιστίαν ἐξόριστον ἐκεῖσε ὄντα, φίλον αὐτῆς, ἀνήγγειλεν αὐτῷ πάντα καὶ τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ ἀγγέλου· κἀκεῖνος θέλων πληροφορῆσαι αὐτὴν εἶπεν ὅτι ἀληθῶς λέγει· οὗτος γὰρ ἄγγελος πέμπεται πρὸς πάντα προφήτην. καὶ αὐτὴ πιστεύσασα τῷ λόγῳ τοῦ ψευδαββᾶ ἐκήρυξε καὶ ἄλλαις γυναιξὶν ὁμοφύλοις αὐτῆς, καὶ οὕτως ἐκ γυ ναικῶν ἦλθεν εἰς ἄνδρας. καὶ πρῶτον Ἀβουβάχαρ διάδοχον κατέλιπε. καὶ ἐκράτησεν ἡ αἵρεσις αὐτοῦ τὰ μέρη τοῦ Αἰθρίβου ἕως τοῦ ἐσχάτου πολέμου, πρῴην μὲν κρυπτῶς ἔτη δέκα, καὶ διὰ πολέμου ὁμοίως δέκα, καὶ φανερῶς θʹ. οὗτος ὁ θεομισὴς καὶ ἐμ βρόντητος περιτυχὼν Ἑβραίοις καὶ Ἀρειανοῖς καὶ Νεστοριανοῖς, καὶ πάντοθεν ἐρανισάμενος, ἐξ Ἰουδαίων μὲν μοναρχίαν, ἐξ Ἀρειανῶν δὲ λόγον καὶ πνεῦμα κτιστά, ἀπὸ δὲ Νεστοριανῶν ἀνθρωπολατρείαν, ἑαυτῷ θρησκείαν περιποιεῖται, καὶ προφάσει θεογνωσίας εἰσποιησά μενος τὸ ἔθνος ἐδίδαξεν αὐτοὺς περιτέμνεσθαι καὶ ἄνδρας καὶ γυ 1.740 ναῖκας καὶ ἕνα μόνον προσκυνεῖν θεόν, τὸν δὲ Χριστὸν τιμᾶν ὡς λόγον θεοῦ, οὐχ ὡς υἱὸν δέ, ἀλλ' ὡς ἐκ πνεύματος ἁγίου γεγενημένον· λόγον δὲ καὶ