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to wonder; when they ought to be astonished and to yield, then they do not desist from their wickedness. But see also the words full of flattery and irony. For they expected to win him over by these things. And now they insult him, and now they flatter him; now calling him possessed, now a teacher; both from a wicked disposition, even if the things said are contradictory. For this reason he also rebukes them very sharply. And when they questioned him harshly and insulted him, he spoke gently with them; but when they flattered, he spoke insultingly and with great vehemence, showing that he is superior to either passion, and is neither provoked to anger then, nor softened by flattery now. But see the insult not as a mere reproach, but as a demonstration of their wickedness. For what does he say? An evil and adulterous generation seeks a sign. What he says is this: What wonder is it if you do these things to me, who am as yet unknown by you, when you have done this same thing to the Father, of whom you have had so much experience; leaving him, you ran to demons, drawing to yourselves wicked lovers? which Ezekiel also constantly used as a reproach against them. But he said these things, showing himself to be in harmony with the Father, and that these men were doing nothing strange, and revealing their secret thoughts; and that they asked with hypocrisy and as enemies. For this reason he called them a wicked generation, because they have always been ungrateful to their benefactors, because when they are treated well they become worse; which is the height of wickedness. And he called it adulterous, signifying both their former and their present unbelief; from which he again shows himself equal to the Father, if indeed not to believe in him also constitutes adultery. Then, having insulted them, what does he say? And a sign will not be given to it, except the sign of Jonah the prophet. He is already preluding the discourse concerning the resurrection, and confirms it from the type. What then? Was no sign given to it? you say. It was not given to it upon its asking. For he did not perform signs to win them over (for he knew they were hardened), but to set others right. So one can either say this, or that they will not receive such a sign as that one. For a sign was given to them, when through their own punishment they knew his power. Here, therefore, he speaks threateningly, and hinting at this very thing, as if he said: I have shown countless good deeds; none of these has drawn you, nor were you willing to worship my power. You will know, therefore, my strength by the opposite, when you see the city thrown to the ground, when its walls are torn down, when the temple has become a ruin, when you fall from your former commonwealth and freedom, and again wander everywhere homeless and as exiles. For all these things happened after the cross. These things, therefore, will be to you for great signs. For it is a very great sign, that their misfortunes remain unmoveable, that of the thousands who have attempted, no one has been able to reverse the judgment once brought against them. But these things he does not say, but leaves them to become clear to them in the time to come; for the present, however, he rehearses the account of the resurrection, which they would come to know through what they would later endure. For as Jonah was, he says, in the belly of the great fish three days and three nights, so will the Son of 57.458 Man be in the heart of the earth three days and three nights. For he did not say openly that he will rise again; since they would have even ridiculed him; but he hinted at it in such a way that they might believe that he foreknew it. For that they knew it, they say to Pilate: That deceiver said, while he was still alive, After three days I will rise again. And yet his disciples did not know this; for they were less discerning than these men before; for which reason they have become self-condemned, these men. 2. But see how, even in hinting, he states it with precision. For he did not say, In the earth, but, In the heart of the earth, so that he might signify the tomb, and no one might suspect it was an illusion. And he allowed three days for this reason, that it might be believed that he had died. For this is confirmed not only by the cross, and by the sight of all, but also by the length of time of the days. For by the resurrection everyone after

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θαυμάζειν· ὅτε ἐκπλήττεσθαι καὶ παραχωρεῖν, τότε τῆς πονηρίας οὐκ ἀφίστανται. Ὅρα δὲ καὶ τὰ ῥήματα κολακείας γέμοντα καὶ εἰρωνείας. Προσεδόκων γὰρ αὐτὸν ἐπισπάσασθαι διὰ τούτων. Καὶ νῦν μὲν ὑβρίζουσι, νῦν δὲ κολακεύουσι· νῦν μὲν δαιμονῶντα καλοῦντες, νῦν δὲ διδάσκαλον· ἀμφότερα ἀπὸ πονηρᾶς γνώμης, εἰ καὶ ἐναντία τὰ λεγόμενα. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο αὐτῶν καὶ σφόδρα καθάπτεται. Καὶ ὅτε μὲν αὐτὸν τραχέως ἠρώτων καὶ ὕβριζον, ἐπιεικῶς αὐτοῖς διελέγετο· ὅτε δὲ ἐκολάκευον, ὑβριστικῶς καὶ μετὰ πολλῆς τῆς σφοδρότητος, δεικνὺς ὅτι ἑκατέρου τοῦ πάθους ἐστὶν ἀνώτερος, καὶ οὔτε τότε εἰς ὀργὴν ἐξάγεται. οὔτε νῦν ὑπὸ κολακείας μαλακίζεται. Ὅρα δὲ καὶ τὴν ὕβριν οὐχ ἁπλῶς λοιδορίαν οὖσαν, ἀλλ' ἀπόδειξιν ἔχουσαν τῆς πονηρίας αὐτῶν. Τί γάρ φησι; Γενεὰ πονηρὰ καὶ μοιχαλὶς σημεῖον ἐπιζητεῖ. Ὃ δὲ λέγει, τοιοῦτόν ἐστι· Τί θαυμαστὸν, εἰ ἐπ' ἐμοῦ ταῦτα ποιεῖτε τοῦ τέως ἀγνοουμένου παρ' ὑμῶν, ὅπου γε καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ Πατρὸς, οὗ τοσαύτην ἐλάβετε πεῖραν, τὸ αὐτὸ τοῦτο πεποιήκατε· καταλιπόντες αὐτὸν, ἐπὶ τοὺς δαίμονας ἐτρέχετε, ἐραστὰς ἐπισπώμενοι πονηρούς; ὃ συνεχῶς αὐτοῖς καὶ ὁ Ἰεζεχιὴλ ὠνείδιζε. Ταῦτα δὲ ἔλεγε, δεικνὺς ἑαυτὸν τῷ Πατρὶ συμφωνοῦντα, καὶ τούτους οὐδὲν ξένον ποιοῦντας, καὶ τὰ ἀπόῤῥητα αὐτῶν ἐκκαλύπτων· καὶ ὅτι μεθ' ὑποκρίσεως καὶ ὡς ἐχθροὶ ᾔτουν. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο αὐτοὺς εἶπε γενεὰν πονηρὰν, ὅτι ἀγνώμονες ἀεὶ γεγόνασι περὶ τοὺς εὐεργέτας, ὅτι εὖ πάσχοντες γίνονται χείρους· ὅπερ ἐσχάτης ἐστὶ πονηρίας. Μοιχαλίδα δὲ ἐκάλεσε καὶ τὴν προτέραν καὶ τὴν παροῦσαν ἀπιστίαν δηλῶν· ὅθεν δείκνυσιν ἑαυτὸν πάλιν τῷ Πατρὶ ἴσον, εἴγε καὶ τὸ μὴ πιστεῦσαι αὐτῷ μοιχαλίδα ποιεῖ. Εἶτα ὑβρίσας, τί φησι; Καὶ σημεῖον οὐ δοθήσεται αὐτῇ, εἰ μὴ τὸ σημεῖον Ἰωνᾶ τοῦ προφήτου. Ἤδη τὸν περὶ τῆς ἀναστάσεως προανακρούεται λόγον, καὶ πιστοῦται αὐτὸν ἀπὸ τοῦ τύπου. Τί οὖν; οὐκ ἐδόθη αὐτῇ σημεῖον; φησίν. Οὐκ ἐδόθη αὐτῇ αἰτούσῃ. Οὐ γὰρ ὥστε αὐτοὺς ἐνάγειν ἐποίει τὰ σημεῖα (ᾔδει γὰρ πεπωρωμένους), ἀλλ' ὥστε ἑτέρους διορθοῦν. Ἢ τοῦτο οὖν ἔστιν εἰπεῖν, ἢ ὅτι τοιοῦτον οὐ λήψονται σημεῖον, οἷον ἐκεῖνο. Σημεῖον γὰρ αὐτοῖς γέγονεν, ὅτε διὰ τῆς οἰκείας κολάσεως ἔγνωσαν αὐτοῦ τὴν δύναμιν. Ἐνταῦθα τοίνυν ἀπειλῶν λέγει, καὶ τοῦτο αὐτὸ αἰνιττόμενος, ὡσανεὶ ἔλεγε· Μυρίας εὐεργεσίας ἐπεδειξάμην· οὐδὲν τούτων ὑμᾶς ἐπεσπάσατο, οὐδὲ ἠθελήσατε προσκυνῆσαί μου τὴν δύναμιν. Γνώσεσθε τοίνυν διὰ τῶν ἐναντίων τὴν ἰσχὺν τὴν ἐμὴν, ὅταν τὴν πόλιν χαμαὶ ἐῤῥιμμένην ἴδητε, ὅτε καὶ τὰ τείχη περιῃρημένα, ὅτε τὸν ναὸν ἐρείπιον γεγενημένον, ὅταν καὶ τῆς πολιτείας καὶ τῆς ἐλευθερίας ἐκπέσητε τῆς προτέρας, καὶ πάλιν ἄοικοι καὶ φυγάδες πανταχοῦ περιέρχησθε. Πάντα γὰρ ταῦτα μετὰ τὸν σταυρὸν γέγονε. Ταῦτα οὖν ὑμῖν ἀντὶ σημείων ἔσται μεγάλων. Καὶ γὰρ σφόδρα μέγα σημεῖόν ἐστι, τὸ ἀκίνητα αὐτῶν μένειν τὰ κακὰ, τὸ μυρίων ἐπιχειρησάντων μηδένα δυνηθῆναι διορθῶσαι τὴν ἅπαξ κατ' αὐτῶν ἐξενεχθεῖσαν δίκην. Ἀλλὰ ταῦτα μὲν οὐ λέγει, καταλιμπάνει δὲ τῷ μετὰ ταῦτα χρόνῳ γενέσθαι αὐτοῖς σαφῆ· τέως δὲ τὸν περὶ τῆς ἀναστάσεως γυμνάζει λόγον, ὃν ἔμελλον εἴσεσθαι δι' ὧν ἔμελλον ὕστερον ὑπομένειν. Ὥσπερ γὰρ ἦν Ἰωνᾶς, φησὶν, ἐν τῇ κοιλίᾳ τοῦ κήτους τρεῖς ἡμέρας καὶ τρεῖς νύκτας, οὕτως ἔσται καὶ ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ 57.458 ἀνθρώπου ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ τῆς γῆς τρεῖς ἡμέρας καὶ τρεῖς νύκτας. Φανερῶς μὲν γὰρ οὐκ εἶπεν, ὅτι ἀναστήσεται· ἐπεὶ ἂν καὶ κατεγέλασαν· ᾐνίξατο δὲ οὕτως, ὡς ἐκείνους πιστεῦσαι ὅτι προῄδει. Ὅτι γὰρ ᾔδεσαν, λέγουσι πρὸς τὸν Πιλάτον· Εἶπε, φησὶν, ὁ πλάνος ἐκεῖνος ἔτι ζῶν, Μετὰ τρεῖς ἡμέρας ἀναστήσομαι· καίτοιγε οἱ μαθηταὶ τοῦτο ἠγνόουν· καὶ γὰρ ἀσυνετώτεροι αὐτῶν ἔμπροσθεν ἦσαν· διὸ καὶ αὐτοκατάκριτοι γεγόνασιν· οὗτοι. βʹ. Ὅρα δὲ πῶς καὶ αἰνιττόμενος ἀκριβῶς αὐτὸ τίθησιν. Οὐ γὰρ εἶπεν, Ἐν τῇ γῇ, ἀλλ', Ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ τῆς γῆς, ἵνα καὶ τὸν τάφον δηλώσῃ, καὶ μηδεὶς δόκησιν ὑποπτεύσῃ. Καὶ τρεῖς δὲ ἡμέρας διὰ τοῦτο συνεχώρησεν, ἵνα πιστευθῇ ὅτι ἀπέθανεν. Οὐ γὰρ τῷ σταυρῷ αὐτὸ μόνον βεβαιοῦται, καὶ τῇ πάντων ὄψει, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῷ χρόνῳ τῶν ἡμερῶν. Τῇ μὲν γὰρ ἀναστάσει πᾶς ὁ μετὰ