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they were minded to dare; so murderous were they. And for this reason the law, when it begins, begins with this: You shall not murder; and the prophet makes this accusation: Their hands are full of blood. How then, after not walking openly in Judea, and withdrawing into the wilderness, does he again enter with boldness? Having quenched their anger by his withdrawal, he comes upon them when they had ceased. Moreover, the crowd going before and following was sufficient to throw them into distress. For no sign so drew them as that of Lazarus. And another evangelist says, that they spread their garments under his feet; and, that the whole city was shaken; with so much honor did he enter. And he did this, prefiguring one prophecy, and fulfilling another; and the same thing was the beginning of one, and the end of another. For the saying, Rejoice for your king comes to you meek, was the fulfillment of a prophecy; but the sitting on a donkey, prefiguring a future event, that he was about to have the unclean race of the gentiles in subjection. But how do the others say that he sent disciples and said: Loose the donkey and the colt; but this one says nothing of the sort, but that finding a young donkey, he sat upon it? Because it was likely that both things happened, and that after the donkey was untied and the disciples were leading it, he found it and sat upon it. And they took branches of palm trees and of olive trees, and spread their garments under him, showing that henceforth they held an opinion about him greater than that of a prophet, and they said: Hosanna, blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord. Do you see that this especially choked them, that all were persuaded that he was not an adversary of God? And did this especially divide the people, his saying that he had come from the Father? What is, Rejoice greatly, daughter of Zion? Since all their kings for the most part were unjust and greedy, and delivered them to their enemies, and perverted the multitude, and made them liable to their foes; Be of good cheer, he says; this one is not such a one, but meek and gentle; and it is shown from the donkey. For he did not enter dragging an army behind him, but having only a donkey. But this, he says, his disci 59.367 ples did not know, that it was written of him. Do you see that they were ignorant of most things, since he himself did not reveal them to them? For even when he said: Destroy this temple, and in three days I will raise it up, not even then did the disciples know. And another evangelist also says that the saying was hidden from them, and they did not know that he must rise from the dead. But this was reasonably hidden. Wherefore another evangelist also says that at each hearing they grieved, and were downcast; and this, from not knowing the word concerning the resurrection. But this was reasonably hidden, as being too great for them; but why was the matter of the donkey not revealed to them? Because this also was great. 2. But see the philosophy of the evangelist, how he is not ashamed to make a show of their former ignorance. That it was written, they knew; but that it was written of him, they did not know. For it would have scandalized them, if indeed being a king he was about to suffer such things, and to be so betrayed. And otherwise, they would not have immediately comprehended the knowledge of the kingdom of which he spoke. For another evangelist says that they thought he was speaking of this kingdom. And the crowd bore witness that he had raised Lazarus. For so many would not have been converted suddenly, he says, if they had not believed the sign. But the Pharisees said to them: See that you accomplish nothing? Behold, the world is gone after him. But this seems to me to be from those who were of sound mind, but did not dare to speak openly, and who then, because of the outcome, held them back as attempting the impossible. And here again by world they mean the crowd. For Scripture is accustomed to call both the creation world, and those who live in wickedness. And it says the one, when it says, Who brings out their host by number; the other, when it says, The world does not hate you, but it hates me. And it is necessary to know these things accurately, so that we do not, from the meaning of the words, provide a handle to the heretics. And there were certain Greeks who had come up to worship at the feast. being near then to the

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ἐδόκουν τολμᾷν· οὕτως ἦσαν φονικοί. Καὶ διὰ τοῦτο ἀρχόμενος ὁ νόμος, ἀπὸ τούτου ἄρχεται· Οὐ φονεύσεις· καὶ ὁ προφήτης τοῦτο ἐγκαλεῖ· Αἱ χεῖρες αὐτῶν αἵματος πλήρεις. Πῶς οὖν παῤῥησίᾳ μὴ περιπατῶν ἐν τῇ Ἰουδαίᾳ, καὶ εἰς τὴν ἔρημον ἀναχωρῶν, πάλιν εἰσέρχεται μετὰ παῤῥησίας; Σβέσας τὸν θυμὸν τῇ ἀναχωρήσει, πεπαυμένοις αὐτοῖς ἐφίσταται. Ἄλλως δὲ, τὸ πλῆθος τὸ προάγον καὶ τὸ ἑπόμενον ἱκανὸν ἦν εἰς ἀγωνίαν αὐτοὺς ἐμβαλεῖν. Οὐδὲν γὰρ οὕτως ἐπεσπάσατο αὐτοὺς σημεῖον, ὡς τὸ τοῦ Λαζάρου. Καὶ ἄλλος δὲ εὐαγγελιστής φησιν, ὅτι Ὑπέστρωσαν τοῖς ποσὶν αὐτοῦ τὰ ἱμάτια· καὶ, ὅτι Πᾶσα ἡ πόλις ἐσείσθη· μετὰ τοσαύτης εἰσῄει τιμῆς. Ἐποίει δὲ τοῦτο, προφητείαν τὴν μὲν τυπῶν, τὴν δὲ πληρῶν· καὶ τὸ αὐτὸ τῆς μὲν ἐγένετο ἀρχὴ, τῆς δὲ τέλος. Τὸ μὲν γὰρ, Χαῖρε ὅτι ὁ βασιλεύς σου ἔρχεταί σοι πρᾶος, προφητείαν πληροῦντος ἦν· τὸ δὲ [ἐπὶ] ὄνον καθίσαι, μέλλον πρᾶγμα προδιατυποῦντος, ὅτι τὸ ἀκάθαρτον τῶν ἐθνῶν γένος ἔμελλεν ὑποχείριον ἔχειν. Πῶς δὲ οἱ ἄλλοι φασὶν, ὅτι μαθητὰς ἔπεμψε καὶ εἶπεν· Λύσατε τὴν ὄνον καὶ τὸν πῶλον· οὗτος δὲ οὐδὲν τοιοῦτόν φησιν, ἀλλ' ὅτι ὀνάριον εὑρὼν ἐπεκάθισεν; Ὅτι ἀμφότερα γενέσθαι εἰκὸς ἦν, καὶ μετὰ τὸ λυθῆναι τὴν ὄνον ἀγόντων τῶν μαθητῶν, εὑρόντα αὐτὸν ἐπικαθίσαι. Τὰ δὲ βαΐα τῶν φοινίκων καὶ τῶν ἐλαιῶν ἔλαβον, καὶ τὰ ἱμάτια ὑπεστόρεσαν, δεικνύντες ὅτι λοιπὸν μείζονα ἢ περὶ προφήτου δόξαν εἶχον περὶ αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἔλεγον· Ὡσαννὰ, εὐλογημένος ὁ ἐρχόμενος ἐν ὀνόματι Κυρίου. Ὁρᾷς ὅτι τοῦτο μάλιστα αὐτοὺς ἀπέπνιγε, τὸ πεισθῆναι πάντας ὅτι οὐκ ἔστιν ἀντίθεος; Καὶ τοῦτο μάλιστα διῄρει τὸν δῆμον, τὸ λέγειν αὐτὸν παρὰ τοῦ Πατρὸς ἥκειν; Τί δέ ἐστι, Χαῖρε σφόδρα, θύγατερ Σιών; Ἐπειδὴ πάντες αὐτῶν οἱ βασιλεῖς ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ πολὺ ἄδικοί τινες ἦσαν καὶ πλεονέκται, καὶ παρέδωκαν αὐτοὺς τοῖς ἐχθροῖς, καὶ τὸ πλῆθος διέστρεφον, καὶ ὑπευθύνους ἐποίουν τοῖς πολεμίοις· Θάῤῥει, φησίν· οὗτος οὐ τοιοῦτος, ἀλλὰ πρᾶος καὶ ἐπιεικής· καὶ δείκνυται ἀπὸ τῆς ὄνου. Οὐ γὰρ στρατόπεδον ἐπισυρόμενος εἰσῆλθεν, ἀλλ' ὄνον ἔχων μόνον. Τοῦτο δὲ οὐκ ᾔδεσαν, φησὶν, οἱ μα 59.367 θηταὶ αὐτοῦ, ὅτι ἦν ἐπ' αὐτῷ γεγραμμένον. Ὁρᾷς ὅτι τὰ πλείονα ἠγνόουν, ἐπειδὴ αὐτὸς οὐκ ἀπεκάλυπτεν αὐτοῖς; Καὶ γὰρ ὅτε εἶπεν· Λύσατε τὸν ναὸν τοῦτον, καὶ ἐν τρισὶν ἡμέραις ἐγερῶ αὐτὸν, οὐδὲ τότε ᾔδεσαν οἱ μαθηταί. Καὶ ἄλλος δὲ εὐαγγελιστὴς λέγει, ὅτι ἦν κεκρυμμένος ὁ λόγος ἀπ' αὐτῶν, καὶ οὐκ ᾔδεσαν ὅτι δεῖ αὐτὸν ἀναστῆναι ἐκ τῶν νεκρῶν. Ἀλλὰ τοῦτο μὲν εἰκότως ἐκρύπτετο. ∆ιὸ καὶ ἄλλος λέγει εὐαγγελιστὴς, ὅτι καθ' ἕκαστον ἀκούοντες ἤλγουν, καὶ ἦσαν ἐν κατηφείᾳ· τοῦτο δὲ, ἐκ τοῦ μὴ εἰδέναι τὸν περὶ τῆς ἀναστάσεως λόγον. Ἀλλὰ τοῦτο μὲν εἰκότως ἐκρύπτετο, ἅτε μεῖζον ἢ κατ' αὐτούς· τὸ μέντοι τῆς ὄνου διατί αὐτοῖς οὐκ ἀπεκαλύφθη; Ὅτι καὶ τοῦτο μέγα ἦν. βʹ. Ὅρα δὲ φιλοσοφίαν εὐαγγελιστοῦ, πῶς οὐκ ἐπαισχύνεται τὴν προτέραν αὐτῶν ἄγνοιαν ἐκπομπεύειν. Ὅτι μὲν οὖν γέγραπται, ᾔδεσαν· ὅτι δὲ ἐπ' αὐτῷ γέγραπται, οὐκ ᾔδεσαν. Καὶ γὰρ ἂν ἐσκανδάλισεν αὐτοὺς, εἴ γε βασιλεὺς ὢν τοιαῦτα μέλλοι πάσχειν, καὶ οὕτως ἐκδίδοσθαι. Καὶ ἄλλως δὲ, οὐκ ἂν εὐθέως ἐχώρησαν τὴν γνῶσιν τῆς βασιλείας, ἣν ἔλεγε. Καὶ γὰρ ἄλλος εὐαγγελιστής φησιν, ὅτι περὶ βασιλείας ἐδόκουν ταύτης λέγεσθαι. Ἐμαρτύρει δὲ ὁ ὄχλος, ὅτι ἀνέστησε τὸν Λάζαρον. Οὐ γὰρ ἂν τοσοῦτοι μετέθεντο ἐξαίφνης, φησὶν, εἰ μὴ ἐπίστευσαν τῷ σημείῳ. Οἱ δὲ Φαρισαῖοι εἶπον πρὸς αὐτούς· Θεωρεῖτε, ὅτι οὐκ ὠφελεῖτε οὐδέν; Ἴδε ὁ κόσμος ὀπίσω αὐτοῦ ὑπάγει. ∆οκεῖ δέ μοι τοῦτο εἶναι τῶν ὑγιαινόντων μὲν, οὐ τολμώντων δὲ παῤῥησιάσασθαι, εἶτα ἀπὸ τῆς ἐκβάσεως κατεχόντων αὐτοὺς ὡς ἀνήνυτα ἐπιχειροῦντας. Κόσμον δὲ ἐνταῦθα πάλιν τὸν ὄχλον φασίν. Οἶδε γὰρ ἡ Γραφὴ κόσμον καὶ τὴν κτίσιν λέγειν, καὶ τοὺς ἐν πονηρίᾳ ζῶντας. Καὶ τὸ μέν φησιν, ὅταν λέγῃ, Ὁ ἐκφέρων κατὰ ἀριθμὸν τὸν κόσμον αὐτοῦ· τὸ δὲ, ὅταν λέγῃ, Ὁ κόσμος ὑμᾶς οὐ μισεῖ, ἐμὲ δὲ μισεῖ. Καὶ χρὴ ταῦτα ἀκριβῶς εἰδέναι, ἵνα μὴ παρὰ τὴν σημασίαν τῶν ὀνομάτων λαβὴν παρέχωμεν τοῖς αἱρετικοῖς. Ἦσαν δέ τινες τῶν Ἑλλήνων ἀναβάντες προσκυνῆσαι εἰς τὴν ἑορτήν. Ἐγγὺς ὄντες λοιπὸν τοῦ