280

he says, I am, there also my servant will be. And where is Christ? In the heavens. Therefore, even before the resurrection, let us be translated there in soul and in mind. If anyone serves me, the Father will love him. Why did he not say, 'I'? Because they did not yet have the fitting opinion concerning him, but a greater one concerning the Father. For those who did not even know that it was necessary for him to rise, how could they have imagined great things about him? Therefore, he also says to the sons of Zebedee: It is not mine to give, but to those for whom it has been prepared by my Father; and yet he himself is the one who judges. Here he also shows what is genuine. For as servants of a genuine child, so will the Father receive them. Now my soul is troubled. And what shall I say? Father, save me from this hour. And yet this is not of one still urging to come to death. Rather, it is indeed of one urging. For lest they say that he, being outside the pangs of human suffering, philosophizes easily about death, and exhorts us from a place of safety, he shows that although he is in agony, he does not refuse it on account of its usefulness. But these things are of the economy, not of the divinity. For this reason he says: Now my soul is troubled; (since if this is not so, what consistency does what was said have, and to say: Father, save me from this hour?) and is so troubled as even to seek deliverance, if it were possible to escape. 2. These are the weaknesses of human nature. But I do not have what to say, he says, asking for deliverance. For it was for this purpose that I came to this hour; as if he were saying: Even if we are disturbed, even if we are troubled, let us not flee death; since I too, being troubled now, do not say so as to flee; for it is necessary to bear what is coming. I do not say, 'Deliver me from this hour;' but what? Father, glorify your name. Although the trouble compels me to say this, I say the opposite, 'Glorify your name;' that is, Lead me then to the cross; which greatly displays the human element, and the nature not wishing to die, but clinging to the present life; showing that he was not outside of human passions. For just as to be hungry is not a fault, nor to sleep; so neither is desiring the present life. But Christ had a body pure of sins, not one delivered from natural necessities; since otherwise it would not have been a body. Through these things, indeed, he also taught something else. What was that? So that, if ever we should be placed in struggle and cowardice, not even so should we shrink from the things set before us. Father, glorify your name. He shows, 59.372 that he dies for the sake of truth, calling the matter glory to God. And this happened after the cross. The world was about to turn, and to know the name of God and to serve him; and yet not only that of the Father, but also that of the Son; but, nevertheless, he is silent about this. Then came a voice from the heavens: I have both glorified it, and will glorify it again. Where did he glorify it? In the things that happened before this. And I will glorify it again after the cross. What then did Christ say? This voice has not come for my sake, but for yours. But they thought that it was thunder, or that an angel had spoken to him. And from where did they think this? For was the voice not clear and distinct? But it quickly flew away from them, as they were duller and carnal and indolent. And some caught the sound; others knew that the voice was articulate; but what it signified, they did not. What then did Christ say? This voice has not come for my sake, but for yours. Why did he say this? Resisting that which they always said, that he is not from God. For he who is glorified by God, how is he not from God, whose name is glorified through him? For on this account also the voice was brought forth. Therefore he himself also says, This voice has not come for my sake, but for yours; not so that I might learn something I did not know from it (for I know all things of the Father), but for your sakes. For since they said that an angel spoke to him, or that it was thunder, and they were not paying attention, he says that, It was for your sakes, so that you might thus be led to ask what was said. But they, being terrified, did not inquire even so, having heard that the matter pertained to them. For to one not knowing to what it was said, the voice reasonably did not seem to be distinct. For your sakes the voice has come.

280

φησὶν, ἐγὼ, ἐκεῖ καὶ ὁ διάκονος ὁ ἐμός. Ποῦ δὲ ὁ Χριστός; Ἐν οὐρανοῖς. Καὶ πρὸ τῆς ἀναστάσεως τοίνυν ἐκεῖ μεταστῶμεν τῇ ψυχῇ καὶ τῷ νῷ. Ἐάν τις ἐμοὶ διακονῇ, ἀγαπήσει αὐτὸν ὁ Πατήρ. ∆ιατί οὐκ εἶπεν, Ἐγώ; Ἐπειδὴ οὐδέπω τὴν προσήκουσαν περὶ αὐτοῦ δόξαν εἶχον, ἀλλὰ μείζονα περὶ τοῦ Πατρός. Οἱ γὰρ μηδὲ ὅτι ἀναστῆναι αὐτὸν ἐχρῆν εἰδότες, πῶς μεγάλα περὶ αὐτοῦ ἐφαντάσθησαν [ἄν]; ∆ιὸ καὶ τοῖς υἱοῖς Ζεβεδαίου φησίν· Οὐκ ἔστιν ἐμὸν δοῦναι, ἀλλ' οἷς ἡτοίμασται παρὰ τοῦ Πατρός μου· καίτοι γε αὐτός ἐστιν ὁ κρίνων. Ἐνταῦθα δὲ καὶ τὸ γνήσιον παρίστησιν. Ὡς γὰρ γνησίου παιδὸς διακόνους, οὕτως ὁ Πατὴρ ἀποδέξεται. Νῦν ἡ ψυχή μου τετάρακται. Καὶ τί εἴπω; Πάτερ, σῶσόν με ἐκ τῆς ὥρας ταύτης. Καὶ μὴν τοῦτο οὐκ ἔτι προτρεπομένου ἐπὶ τὸν θάνατον ἐλθεῖν. Μάλιστα μὲν οὖν προτρεπομένου. Ἵνα γὰρ μὴ λέγωσιν, ὅτι Αὐτὸς ἔξω τῶν ὠδίνων ὢν τῶν ἀνθρωπίνων, εὐκόλως περὶ θανάτου φιλοσοφεῖ, καὶ ἡμῖν ἐξ ἀκινδύνου παραινεῖ, δείκνυσιν ὅτι καίτοι ἀγωνιῶν αὐτὸν, ὅμως διὰ τὸ χρήσιμον οὐ παραιτεῖται. Ταῦτα δὲ τῆς οἰκονομίας ἐστὶν, οὐ τῆς θεότητος. ∆ιὰ τοῦτό φησι· Νῦν ἡ ψυχή μου τετάρακται· (ἐπεὶ εἰ μὴ τοῦτό ἐστι, ποίαν ἀκολουθίαν ἔχει τὸ λεχθὲν, καὶ τὸ εἰπεῖν· Πάτερ, σῶσόν με ἐκ τῆς ὥρας ταύτης;) καὶ οὕτω τετάρακται, ὡς καὶ ἀπαλλαγὴν ζητεῖν, εἴ γε ἐνῆν διαφυγεῖν. βʹ. Ταῦτα τῆς ἀνθρωπίνης φύσεως τὰ ἀσθενήματα. Ἀλλ' οὐκ ἔχω τί εἴπω, φησὶν, ἀπαλλαγὴν αἰτούμενος. ∆ιὰ γὰρ τοῦτο ἦλθον εἰς τὴν ὥραν ταύτην· ὡσανεὶ ἔλεγε· Κἂν θορυβώμεθα, κἂν ταραττώμεθα, μὴ φεύγωμεν θάνατον· ἐπεὶ κἀγὼ νῦν ταραττόμενος, οὐ λέγω ὥστε φυγεῖν· δεῖ γὰρ φέρειν τὸ ἐπιόν. Οὐ λέγω, Ἀπάλλαξόν με ἐκ τῆς ὥρας ταύτης· ἀλλὰ τί; Πάτερ, δόξασόν σου τὸ ὄνομα. Καίτοι τῆς ταραχῆς τοῦτο ἀναγκαζούσης λέγειν, τὸ ἐναντίον λέγω, ∆όξασόν σου τὸ ὄνομα· τουτέστιν, Ἄγαγε λοιπὸν ἐπὶ τὸν σταυρόν· ὃ πολὺ τὸ ἀνθρώπινον ἐπιδείκνυται, καὶ τὴν φύσιν μὴ βουλομένην ἀποθανεῖν, ἀλλὰ τῆς παρούσης ἀντεχομένην ζωῆς· δεικνὺς, ὅτι οὐκ ἔξω τῶν ἀνθρωπίνων παθῶν ἦν. Ὥσπερ γὰρ τὸ πεινῇν οὐκ ἔγκλημα, οὐδὲ τὸ καθεύδειν· οὕτως οὐδὲ τὸ τῆς παρούσης ζωῆς ἐφίεσθαι. Ὁ δὲ Χριστὸς σῶμα καθαρὸν ἁμαρτημάτων εἶχεν, οὐχὶ φυσικῶν ἀναγκῶν ἀπηλλαγμένον· ἐπεὶ οὐδ' ἂν σῶμα ἦν. ∆ιὰ δὴ τούτων καὶ ἕτερόν τι ἐπαίδευσε. Ποῖον δὴ τοῦτο; Ἵνα, εἴ ποτε ἐν ἀγῶνι κατασταίημεν καὶ δειλίᾳ, μηδὲ οὕτως ἀποπηδήσωμεν τῶν προκειμένων. Πάτερ, δόξασόν σου τὸ ὄνομα. ∆είκνυσιν, 59.372 ὅτι ὑπὲρ ἀληθείας ἀποθνήσκει, δόξαν εἰς τὸν Θεὸν τὸ πρᾶγμα καλῶν. Καὶ τοῦτο συνέβαινε μετὰ τὸν σταυρόν. Ἔμελλεν ἐπιστρέφειν ἡ οἰκουμένη, καὶ γνωρίζειν τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ θεραπεύειν αὐτόν· καίτοι οὐ τὸ τοῦ Πατρὸς μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸ τοῦ Υἱοῦ· ἀλλ', ὅμως τοῦτο σιγᾷ. Ἦλθεν οὖν φωνὴ ἐκ τῶν οὐρανῶν· Καὶ ἐδόξασα, καὶ πάλιν δοξάσω. Ποῦ ἐδόξασεν; Ἐν τοῖς πρὸ τούτων γενομένοις. Καὶ πάλιν δοξάσω μετὰ τὸν σταυρόν. Τί οὖν ὁ Χριστός; Οὐ δι' ἐμὲ ἡ φωνὴ αὕτη γέγονεν, ἀλλὰ δι' ὑμᾶς. Ἐκεῖνοι δὲ βροντὴν ἐνόμισαν εἶναι, ἢ ἄγγελον αὐτῷ λελαληκέναι. Καὶ πόθεν τοῦτο ἐνόμισαν; μὴ γὰρ οὐχὶ τρανὴ καὶ εὔσημος ἦν ἡ φωνή; Ἀλλὰ ταχέως αὐτῶν ἀπέπτη, ἅτε παχυτέρων ὄντων καὶ σαρκικῶν καὶ ῥᾳθύμων. Καὶ οἱ μὲν τὸν ἦχον κατεῖχον· οἱ δὲ, ὅτι μὲν ἔναρθρος ἦν ἡ φωνὴ, ᾔδεσαν· τί δὲ ἐσήμαινεν, οὐκ ἔτι. Τί οὖν ὁ Χριστός; Οὐ δι' ἐμὲ ἡ φωνὴ αὕτη γέγονεν, ἀλλὰ δι' ὑμᾶς. ∆ιὰ τί τοῦτο εἶπεν; Πρὸς ἐκεῖνο ἐνιστάμενος ὃ ἔλεγον ἀεὶ, ὅτι οὐκ ἔστιν ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ. Ὁ γὰρ ὑπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ δοξαζόμενος, πῶς οὐκ ἔστιν ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ, οὗ τὸ ὄνομα δι' αὐτὸν δοξάζεται; ∆ιὰ γὰρ τοῦτο καὶ ἡ φωνὴ ἠνέχθη. ∆ιὸ καὶ αὐτός φησιν, Οὐ δι' ἐμὲ ἡ φωνὴ αὕτη γέγονεν, ἀλλὰ δι' ὑμᾶς· οὐχ ἵνα ἐγὼ μάθω τι ἀγνοῶν παρ' αὐτῆς (πάντα γὰρ οἶδα τὰ τοῦ Πατρὸς), ἀλλὰ δι' ὑμᾶς. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἔλεγον, ὅτι ἄγγελος ἐλάλησεν αὐτῷ, ἢ βροντὴ γέγονε, καὶ οὐ προσεῖχον, φησὶν, ὅτι ∆ι' ὑμᾶς ἐγένετο, ἵνα κἂν οὕτως ἐνάγησθε πρὸς τὸ ἐρωτῆσαι τί τὸ λεχθέν. Οἱ δὲ ἐπτοημένοι, οὐδὲ οὕτως ἐπύθοντο, ἀκούσαντες ὅτι αὐτοῖς ἀνήκει τὸ πρᾶγμα. Τῷ γὰρ οὐκ εἰδότι πρὸς ὃ ἐλέγετο, εἰκότως οὐκ ἐδόκει εὔσημος εἶναι ἡ φωνή. ∆ι' ὑμᾶς ἡ φωνὴ γέγονεν.