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and they destroyed them; and the rich, and they choked them; and the vain, and they betrayed them? He does not wish to attack them too harshly, so as not to cast them into despair, but leaves the reproof to the conscience of the hearers. And not only the seed suffered this, but also the drag-net. For it too brought forth many useless things. And he speaks this parable, anointing and instructing his disciples, that even if those who perish are more numerous than those who receive the word, they should not lose heart. For this happened even in the case of the Master; and he, who surely foresaw that these things would be, did not desist from sowing. And how would it be reasonable, he says, to sow on the thorns, on the rock, on the path? In the case of seeds and earth, it would not be reasonable; but in the case of souls and teachings, this has great praise. For the husbandman would rightly be blamed for doing this; for it is not possible for the rock to become earth, nor for the path not to be a path, nor for the thorns not to be thorns; but in the case of rational beings it is not so. For it is possible for the rock to be changed, and to become fertile soil; and for the path no longer to be trodden down, nor to lie exposed to all passersby, but to be a rich field; and for the thorns to be made to disappear, and for the seeds to enjoy much security. For if it were not possible, he would not have sown. But if the change did not happen for all, it was not the sower's fault, but the fault of those who were unwilling to be changed. For he has done his part; but if they betrayed what was from him, he who showed such love for humanity is without blame. But consider this, that the way of destruction is not one, but there are different ways, and they are distinct from one another. For those who are like the path are the coarse and the slothful and the careless; but those on the rock, are only the weaker ones. For he that was sown upon the rocky places, he says, this is he that hears the word, and immediately with joy receives it; yet has he not root in himself, but is temporary: for when tribulation or persecution arises because of the word, immediately he is scandalized. Of every one, he says, who hears the word of truth, and does not understand it, the Evil One comes, and snatches away that which was sown in his heart. This is he who was sown by the way side. And it is not the same for the teaching to wither when no one is assailing or troubling it, as when temptations are pressing. But those who are like the thorns, are much more inexcusable than these. 4. In order, then, that we may not suffer any of these things, let us cover what is said with eagerness, and with perpetual memory. For if 57.469 the devil snatches away, yet we have power not to be snatched; if the seeds wither, this does not happen because of the scorching heat (for He did not say that they were withered because of the heat, but because they had no root); if what is said is choked, it is not because of the thorns, but because of those who allow them to come up. For it is possible, if you wish, to hinder this evil growth, and to use wealth for what is needful. For this reason He did not say, The age, but, The care of this age; nor, Wealth, but, The deceitfulness of wealth. Let us not therefore blame the things, but the corrupt will. For it is possible both to be rich and not to be deceived; and to be in this age, and not be choked by its cares. For wealth has two opposite faults: one, which strains and darkens, is care; the other, which makes men weaker, is luxury. And well did He say, The deceitfulness of riches. For all the things of wealth are a deceit; for they are only names, not founded on realities. For both pleasure, and glory, and adornment, and all these things, are a kind of fantasy, not the reality of things. Having therefore spoken of the ways of destruction, he afterwards sets forth the good ground, not allowing despair, but giving hope of repentance, and showing that it is possible to change from the aforementioned things to this. And yet if the ground is good, and the sower is one, and the seeds are the same, why did one bear a hundredfold, another sixty, and another thirty? Here again the difference is in the nature of the soil; for even where the ground is good, there is much difference in it. Do you see that the husbandman is not the cause

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καὶ ἀπώλεσαν· τὰ δὲ οἱ πλούσιοι, καὶ ἀπέπνιξαν· τὰ δὲ οἱ χαῦνοι, καὶ προὔδωκαν; Οὐ βούλεται αὐτῶν σφόδρα καθικέσθαι, ὥστε μὴ εἰς ἀπόγνωσιν ἐμβαλεῖν, ἀλλὰ καταλιμπάνει τῷ συνειδότι τῶν ἀκουόντων τὸν ἔλεγχον. Οὐχ ὁ σπόρος δὲ τοῦτο ἔπαθε μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἡ σαγήνη. Πολλὰ γὰρ καὶ ἐκείνη ἤνεγκεν ἄχρηστα. Ταύτην δὲ λέγει τὴν παραβολὴν, τοὺς μαθητὰς ἀλείφων, καὶ παιδεύων, κἂν πλείους τῶν δεχομένων τὸν λόγον ὦσιν οἱ ἀπολλύμενοι, μὴ καταπίπτειν. Καὶ γὰρ ἐπὶ τοῦ ∆εσπότου τοῦτο γέγονε· καὶ ὁ πάντως προειδὼς, ὅτι ταῦτα ἔσται, οὐκ ἀπέστη τοῦ σπείρειν. Καὶ πῶς ἂν ἔχοι λόγον, φησὶν, ἐπὶ τὰς ἀκάνθας σπείρειν, ἐπὶ τὴν πέτραν, ἐπὶ τὴν ὁδόν; Ἐπὶ μὲν τῶν σπερμάτων καὶ τῆς γῆς, οὐκ ἂν ἔχοι λόγον· ἐπὶ δὲ τῶν ψυχῶν καὶ τῶν διδαγμάτων, καὶ πολὺν ἔχει τοῦτο τὸν ἔπαινον. Ὁ μὲν γὰρ γεωργὸς εἰκότως ἂν ἐγκαλοῖτο τοῦτο ποιῶν· οὐ γὰρ ἔνι τὴν πέτραν γενέσθαι γῆν, οὐδὲ τὴν ὁδὸν μὴ εἶναι ὁδὸν, οὐδὲ τὰς ἀκάνθας μὴ εἶναι ἀκάνθας· ἐπὶ δὲ τῶν λογικῶν οὐχ οὕτω. ∆υνατὸν γὰρ τὴν πέτραν μεταβληθῆναι, καὶ γενέσθαι γῆν λιπαράν· καὶ τὴν ὁδὸν μηκέτι καταπατεῖσθαι, μηδὲ προκεῖσθαι τοῖς παριοῦσιν ἅπασιν, ἀλλ' εἶναι ἄρουραν πίονα· καὶ τὰς ἀκάνθας ἀφανισθῆναι, καὶ πολλῆς ἀπολαύειν ἀδείας τὰ σπέρματα. Εἰ γὰρ μὴ ἐξῆν, οὐκ ἂν ἔσπειρεν οὗτος. Εἰ δὲ μὴ ἐγένετο ἐπὶ πάντων ἡ μεταβολὴ, οὐ παρὰ τὸν σπείραντα, ἀλλὰ παρὰ τοὺς μὴ βουλομένους μεταβληθῆναι. Αὐτὸς μὲν γὰρ τὸ αὐτοῦ πεποίηκεν· εἰ δὲ ἐκεῖνοι τὰ παρ' αὐτοῦ προὔδωκαν, ἀνεύθυνος αὐτὸς ὁ τοσαύτην φιλανθρωπίαν ἐπιδειξάμενος. Σὺ δέ μοι ἐκεῖνο σκόπει, ὅτι οὐ μία τῆς ἀπωλείας ἡ ὁδὸς, ἀλλὰ διάφοροι καὶ ἀλλήλων διεστηκυῖαι. Οἱ μὲν γὰρ τῇ ὁδῷ ἐοικότες εἰσὶν, οἱ βάναυσοι καὶ ῥᾴθυμοι καὶ ὀλίγωροι· οἱ δὲ ἐν τῇ πέτρᾳ, οἱ ἀσθενέστεροι μόνον. Ὁ γὰρ ἐπὶ τὰ πετρώδη σπαρεὶς, φησὶν, οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ τὸν λόγον ἀκούων, καὶ εὐθὺς μετὰ χαρᾶς λαμβάνων αὐτόν· οὐκ ἔχει δὲ ῥίζαν ἐν ἑαυτῷ, ἀλλὰ πρόσκαιρός ἐστι· γενομένης δὲ θλίψεως ἣ διωγμοῦ διὰ τὸν λόγον, εὐθέως ἐσκανδαλίσθη. Παντὸς, φησὶν, ἀκούοντος τὸν λόγον τῆς ἀληθείας, καὶ μὴ συνιέντος, ἔρχεται ὁ Πονηρὸς, καὶ ἁρπάζει τὸ ἐσπαρμένον ἐκ τῆς καρδίας αὐτοῦ. Οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ παρὰ τὴν ὁδὸν σπαρείς. Οὐκ ἔστι δὲ ἴσον, μηδενὸς ἐπηρεάζοντος, μηδὲ ἀναμοχλεύοντος, τὴν διδασκαλίαν μαρανθῆναι, καὶ πειρασμῶν ἐπικειμένων. Οἱ δὲ ταῖς ἀκάνθαις προσεοικότες, πολλῷ τούτων ἀσυγγνωστότεροι. δʹ. Ἵν' οὖν μή τι τούτων πάθωμεν, ἐπικαλύψωμεν τῇ προθυμίᾳ τὰ λεγόμενα, καὶ τῇ διηνεκεῖ μνήμῃ. Εἰ γὰρ 57.469 καὶ ἁρπάζει ὁ διάβολος, ἀλλ' ἡμεῖς κύριοι τοῦ μὴ ἁρπαγῆναι· εἰ καὶ ξηραίνεται τὰ σπέρματα, οὐ παρὰ τὸν καύσωνα τοῦτο γίνεται (οὐ γὰρ εἶπεν, ὅτι διὰ τὸν καύσωνα ἐξηράνθη, ἀλλὰ διὰ τὸ μὴ ἔχειν ῥίζαν)· εἰ καὶ ἀποπνίγεται τὰ λεγόμενα, οὐ παρὰ τὰς ἀκάνθας, ἀλλὰ παρὰ τοὺς συγχωροῦντας ἀναβῆναι ταύτας. Ἔνεστι γὰρ, ἐὰν θέλῃς, κωλῦσαι τὴν πονηρὰν ταύτην βλάστην, καὶ τῷ πλούτῳ εἰς δέον χρήσασθαι. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο οὐκ εἶπεν, Ὁ αἰὼν, ἀλλ', Ἡ μέριμνα τοῦ αἰῶνος· οὐδὲ, Ὁ πλοῦτος, ἀλλ', Ἡ ἀπάτη τοῦ πλούτου. Μὴ τοίνυν τὰ πράγματα αἰτιώμεθα, ἀλλὰ τὴν γνώμην τὴν διεφθαρμένην. Ἔστι γὰρ καὶ πλουτεῖν, καὶ μὴ ἀπατᾶσθαι· καὶ ἐν τῷ αἰῶνι εἶναι τούτῳ, καὶ μὴ ἀποπνίγεσθαι ταῖς φροντίσι. Καὶ γὰρ δύο ἐλαττώματα ὁ πλοῦτος ἔχει ἐναντία· τὸ μὲν, κατατεῖνον καὶ ἐπισκοτοῦν, τὴν μέριμναν· τὸ δὲ, μαλακωτέρους ποιοῦν, τὴν τρυφήν. Καὶ καλῶς εἶπεν, Ἡ ἀπάτη τοῦ πλούτου. Πάντα γὰρ τὰ τοῦ πλούτου ἀπάτη· ὀνόματα γὰρ μόνον ἐστὶν, οὐκ ἐπὶ πραγμάτων κείμενα. Καὶ γὰρ ἡ ἡδονὴ, καὶ ἡ δόξα, καὶ ὁ καλλωπισμὸς, καὶ πάντα ταῦτα, φαντασία τίς ἐστιν, οὐ πραγμάτων ἀλήθεια. Εἰπὼν τοίνυν τοὺς τρόπους τῆς ἀπωλείας, ὕστερον τίθησι τὴν καλὴν γῆν, οὐκ ἀφιεὶς ἀπογνῶναι, ἀλλὰ διδοὺς ἐλπίδα μετανοίας, καὶ δεικνὺς, ὅτι δυνατὸν ἐκ τῶν εἰρημένων εἰς ταύτην μεταβαλεῖν. Καίτοι εἰ καὶ ἡ γῆ καλὴ, καὶ ὁ σπορεὺς εἷς, καὶ τὰ σπέρματα τὰ αὐτὰ, διατί ὃ μὲν ἑκατὸν, ὃ δὲ ἑξήκοντα, ὃ δὲ τριάκοντα ἤνεγκεν; Ἐνταῦθα πάλιν παρὰ τὴν φύσιν τῆς γῆς ἡ διαφορά· καὶ γὰρ ἔνθα ἂν καλὴ ἡ γῆ, πολλὴ ἐν αὐτῇ καὶ ἡ διαφορά. Ὁρᾷς οὐχὶ τὸν γεωργὸν αἴτιον