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so as to fulfill his desire. Indeed then, as I said, even if it were a relief, it was not necessary to do this; but when you gain nothing, for what reason do you slaughter yourself? But you cannot bear to be silent? Therefore give thanks to God; therefore glorify the one who tests you in the furnace. Instead of blasphemy, speak a doxology. In this way the reward is great, and the wound becomes lighter. So also that blessed one, speaking, said: The Lord gave, the Lord has taken away. And again: If we have received good things from the Lord, shall we not endure the evil things? But to me, he says, he did not give wealth. Therefore the wound is less. For it is not the same thing to have enjoyed the benefits of wealth and be stripped of it, and to live in poverty without ever having experienced it. For if many of the poor, seeing the evils of others, and comparing them with their own sorrows, consider their own harder by comparison; when they make the comparison not from another source, but from themselves, consider how much harder are the things of despondency, inasmuch as experience also prepares a greater sense of the deprivation. In this way, childlessness from the beginning is lighter than that after having had good children. For it is not the same thing not to 55.369 have received, and after having received to be deprived. Bear, therefore, all that happens nobly; for this is a martyrdom for you. For it is not only he who is commanded to sacrifice, who does not sacrifice, but is rather torn to pieces, than do this, that makes a martyr; but also, when pain leads to blasphemy, to choose to persevere in the suffering, and to say nothing unseemly, makes one a martyr. Since also Job was crowned, not because he was commanded to sacrifice and did not, but because he bore his pains nobly. And Paul was proclaimed from this, from the scourgings, from the afflictions, from the other things which he endured with thanksgiving. You shall eat the labors of your fruits; blessed are you, and it shall be well with you. For what reason does he double the blessing? Because he knows its greatness, he revels in the thought of the matter. And what is this 'Well'? tell me. Your wife a fruitful vine in the inner parts of your house. Another says, In the innermost parts. Another, In the thighs. Your sons like young olive plants around your table. Behold, thus shall the man be blessed that fears the Lord. What are you saying? tell me; is this the blessing? is this the gain? prosperity of house, and to enjoy the labors of one's own, and a multitude of children, and a wife? Not this, but this is out of abundance. For seek first the kingdom of heaven, and all these things will be added to you. Since, therefore, he was still discoursing to the more imperfect, like little children he leads them by sensible things. And do not be surprised. For if Paul does this in the time of such great philosophy when discoursing from these things to those who still walk on the ground; much more so the Prophet. And where does Paul do this? In many places. For when he discourses about virginity, he says nothing to them about the things to come; but he only sets forth the deliverance from the sorrows that come with marriage; and when he speaks of honor towards parents, he uses the same manner, saying thus: Which is the first commandment with promises. And what is the commandment? Honor your father and your mother, and you shall be long-lived upon the earth. But also when he writes about the philosophy towards enemies, he again sets forth a sensible reward, saying: For in doing this, you will heap coals of fire upon his head. But Christ did not so; for he does not discourse to the weak; but for virginity he sets forth the kingdom, and for loving one's enemies, becoming like God, as it is possible for humans to become like him. Just as, therefore, also in the Old [Testament], where they were led by sensible things, we shall see those who know how to philosophize being led by greater things. And Paul, indicating this, said: These died in faith, not having received the promises, but having seen them from afar and greeted them. Not

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ὥστε αὐτῷ πληρῶσαι τὴν ἐπιθυμίαν. Μάλιστα μὲν οὖν, ὅπερ ἔφην, εἰ καὶ ἐκουφίζετο, οὐκ ἔδει τοῦτο ποιεῖν· ὅταν δὲ μηδὲ κερδαίνῃς τι, τίνος ἕνεκεν σαυτὸν κατασφάττεις; Ἀλλ' οὐκ ἀνέχῃ σιγᾷν; Οὐκοῦν εὐχαρίστει τῷ Θεῷ· οὐκοῦν δοξολόγει τὸν δοκιμάζοντα ἐν τῇ καμίνῳ. Ἀντὶ τῆς βλασφημίας δοξολογίαν εἰπέ. Ὧδε καὶ μέγας ὁ μισθὸς, καὶ κουφότερον γίνεται τὸ ἕλκος. Οὕτω καὶ ἐκεῖνος ὁ μακάριος φθεγγόμενος ἔλεγεν· Ὁ Κύριος ἔδωκεν, ὁ Κύριος ἀφείλετο. Καὶ πάλιν· Εἰ τὰ ἀγαθὰ ἐδεξάμεθα παρὰ Κυρίου, τὰ κακὰ οὐχ ὑποίσομεν; Ἀλλ' ἐμοὶ, φησὶν, οὐκ ἔδωκε πλοῦτον. Οὐκοῦν ἔλαττον τὸ ἕλκος. Οὐ γάρ ἐστιν ἴσον ἀπολαύσαντα τῶν ἀπὸ τοῦ πλούτου γυμνωθῆναι τούτου, καὶ μηδὲ πεῖραν λαβόντα ἐν πενίᾳ ζῇν. Εἰ γὰρ τὰ τῶν ἄλλων ὁρῶντες κακὰ, καὶ τοῖς ἑαυτῶν ἀντεπεξάγοντες λυπηροῖς, χαλεπώτερα τῇ συγκρίσει τὰ ἑαυτῶν νομίζουσι πολλοὶ τῶν πενομένων· ὅταν μὴ ἑτέρωθεν, ἀλλ' ἐξ αὐτῶν ποιῶνται τὴν σύγκρισιν, ἐννόησον πῶς χαλεπώτερα τὰ τῆς ἀθυμίας, ὅσῳ καὶ ἡ πεῖρα πλείονα παρασκευάζει τῆς ἀφαιρέσεως τὴν αἴσθησιν. Ταύτῃ καὶ ἡ ἀπαιδία κουφοτέρα ἡ ἐξ ἀρχῆς τῆς μετὰ τὴν εὐπαιδίαν. Οὐ γάρ ἐστιν ἴσον μὴ 55.369 λαβεῖν, καὶ μετὰ τὸ λαβεῖν ἀφαιρεθῆναι. Φέρε τοίνυν τὰ συμπίπτοντα πάντα γενναίως· τοῦτο γάρ σοι μαρτύριόν ἐστιν. Οὐ γὰρ τὸν κελευόμενον θῦσαι, τὸ μὴ θῦσαι, ἀλλὰ καταξανθῆναι μᾶλλον, ἢ τοῦτο ποιῆσαι, ποιεῖ μαρτύριον μόνον· ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸ τῆς ὀδύνης εἰς βλασφημίαν ἐξαγούσης, ἑλέσθαι ἐγκαρτερῆσαι τῷ πόνῳ, καὶ μηδὲν ἀπηχὲς εἰπεῖν, μάρτυρα ἐργάζεται. Ἐπεὶ καὶ ὁ Ἰὼβ, οὐκ ἐπειδὴ κελευόμενος θῦσαι οὐκ ἔθυσε, διὰ τοῦτο ἐστεφανώθη, ἀλλ' ἐπειδὴ γενναίως ἤνεγκε τὰς ὀδύνας. Καὶ Παῦλος δὲ ἐντεῦθεν ἀνεκηρύττετο, ἀπὸ τῶν μαστίγων, ἀπὸ τῶν θλίψεων, ἀπὸ τῶν ἄλλων ὧν ὑπέμεινε μετὰ εὐχαριστίας. Τοὺς πόνους τῶν καρπῶν σου φάγεσαι· μακάριος εἶ καὶ καλῶς σοι ἔσται. Τίνος ἕνεκεν διπλασιάζει τὸν μακαρισμόν; Ἐπειδὴ οἶδεν αὐτοῦ τὸ μέγεθος, ἐντρυφᾷ τῇ φαντασίᾳ τοῦ πράγματος. Καὶ τί τὸ, Καλῶς; εἰπέ μοι. Ἡ γυνή σου ἄμπελος εὐθηνοῦσα ἐν τοῖς κλίτεσι τῆς οἰκίας σου. Ἄλλος φησὶν, Ἐν τοῖς ἐσωτάτοις. Ἄλλος, Ἐν τοῖς μηροῖς. Υἱοί σου ὡς νεόφυτα ἐλαιῶν κύκλῳ τῆς τραπέζης σου. Ἰδοὺ οὕτως εὐλογηθήσεται ἄνθρωπος ὁ φοβούμενος τὸν Κύριον. Τί λέγεις; εἰπέ μοι· τοῦτο ὁ μακαρισμός; τοῦτο τὸ κέρδος; οἰκίας εὐθηνία, καὶ τὸ τῶν οἰκείων ἀπολαῦσαι πόνων, καὶ παίδων πλῆθος, καὶ γυνή; Οὐ τοῦτο, ἀλλὰ τοῦτο ἐκ περιουσίας. Ζητεῖτε γὰρ πρῶτον τὴν βασιλείαν τῶν οὐρανῶν, καὶ ταῦτα πάντα προστεθήσεται ὑμῖν. Ἐπειδὴ οὖν ἀτελεστέροις ἔτι διελέγετο, ὥσπερ παιδία μικρὰ ἀπὸ τῶν αἰσθητῶν ἐνάγει. Καὶ μὴ θαυμάσῃς. Εἰ γὰρ Παῦλος τοῦτο ποιεῖ ἐν τῷ καιρῷ τῆς τοσαύτης φιλοσοφίας πρὸς τοὺς ἔτι χαμαὶ βαδίζοντας ἀπὸ τούτων διαλεγόμενος· πολλῷ μᾶλλον ὁ Προφήτης. Καὶ ποῦ τοῦτο ὁ Παῦλος ποιεῖ; Πολλαχοῦ. Καὶ γὰρ ὅταν περὶ παρθενίας διαλέγηται, οὐδὲν περὶ τῶν μελλόντων αὐτοῖς λέγει· ἀλλὰ τὴν ἀπαλλαγὴν τῶν ἀπὸ τοῦ γάμου προσγινομένων λυπηρῶν μόνον τίθησι· καὶ ὅταν δὲ περὶ τῆς εἰς γονέας τιμῆς, τῷ αὐτῷ κέχρηται τρόπῳ, οὕτω λέγων· Ἥτις ἐστὶν ἐντολὴ πρώτη ἐν ταῖς ἐπαγγελίαις. Τίς δέ ἐστιν ἡ ἐντολή; Τίμα τὸν πατέρα σου καὶ τὴν μητέρα σου, καὶ ἔσῃ μακροχρόνιος ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς. Ἀλλὰ καὶ ὅταν περὶ τῆς εἰς τοὺς ἐχθροὺς φιλοσοφίας γράφῃ, πάλιν αἰσθητὸν τίθησιν ἔπαθλον, λέγων· Τοῦτο γὰρ ποιῶν, ἄνθρακας πυρὸς σωρεύσεις ἐπὶ τὴν κεφαλὴν αὐτοῦ. Ἀλλ' ὁ Χριστὸς οὐχ οὕτως· οὐδὲ γὰρ αὐτὸς ἀσθενέσι διαλέγεται· ἀλλ' ἐπὶ μὲν τῇ παρθενίᾳ τὴν βασιλείαν τίθησιν, ἐπὶ δὲ τῷ τοὺς ἐχθροὺς ἀγαπᾷν, τὸ γενέσθαι ὁμοίους τῷ Θεῷ, ὡς ἀνθρώπους ὄντας ὁμοίους γενέσθαι ἔνι. Ὥσπερ οὖν καὶ ἐν τῇ Παλαιᾷ, ἔνθα διὰ τῶν αἰσθητῶν ἤγοντο, τοὺς φιλοσοφεῖν εἰδότας ἀπὸ τῶν μειζόνων ὀψόμεθα ἐναγομένους. Καὶ τοῦτο δηλῶν ὁ Παῦλος ἔλεγε· Κατὰ πίστιν ἀπέθανον οὗτοι μὴ κομισάμενοι τὰς ἐπαγγελίας, ἀλλὰ πόῤῥωθεν αὐτὰς ἰδόντες καὶ ἀσπασάμενοι. Οὐ