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to the things said, as it seems to me, for this reason He acts from the things at hand, that He might lead them to faith; for they were still rather weak in their disposition. For this reason He also looks up to heaven. For of the other signs they had many examples; but of this one, none. Taking them, therefore, He broke them, and gave them through the disciples, honoring them in this; not only honoring them, but so that when the miracle happened, they might not disbelieve, nor forget it after it had passed, with their own hands bearing witness. This is why He also first allows the crowds to feel their hunger, and waits for these men to first approach and ask, and through them He makes them recline, and through them He distributes, wishing to secure each one beforehand with their own confessions and deeds. For this reason He also takes the loaves from them, so that there may be many witnesses of what was happening, and that they might have reminders of the miracle. For if they forgot even after these things happened, what would they not have suffered, if He had not arranged these things as well? And He commands them to recline on the grass, teaching the crowds to be philosophic. For He wished not only to nourish their bodies, but also to instruct their soul. 3. Therefore, both from the place, and from giving nothing more than bread and fish, and from setting the same things before all and making them common, and from providing nothing more to one than to another, He taught humility, and self-control, and love, and to be similarly disposed to one another, and to consider all things to be common. And having broken them, He gave to the disciples, and the disciples to the crowds. He broke and gave the five loaves, and the five gushed forth in the hands of the disciples. And not even at this point does He stop the miracle, but He made them have a surplus; and to have a surplus not of whole loaves, but of fragments; to show that these were remnants of those loaves, and so that those who were absent might learn what had happened. For this reason He also let the crowds be hungry, so that no one might think what had happened was an illusion. For this reason He also made twelve baskets be left over, so that Judas too might carry one. For He was able to quench their hunger, but the disciples would not have known His power, since this also happened in the time of Elijah. So then, from this the Jews were so astonished at Him, that they even wanted to make Him king, although they had nowhere done this at the other signs. What account, then, could describe how the loaves gushed forth? how they flowed in the wilderness? how they were sufficient for so many? (for there were five thousand, apart from women and children; which was the greatest praise of the people, that both women and men were in attendance;) how did the leftovers come to be? (for this too is no less than the former;) and there were so many, that the baskets became equal in number to the disciples, and neither more nor less? Taking the fragments, therefore, He gave them not to the crowds, but to the disciples; for the crowds were in a more imperfect state than the disciples. And after He had performed the sign, Immediately He compelled the 58.500 disciples to get into the boat, and to go before Him to the other side, while He sent the crowds away. For if while present He seemed to be creating an illusion, and not to have produced a reality, surely He did not do so while absent. For this very reason, entrusting what had happened to a precise examination, He commanded those who had received the reminders and the proof of the signs to be separated from Him. And in another way, whenever He works great things, He sends away the crowds and the disciples, teaching us never to pursue the glory that comes from the many, and not to be drawn along by a multitude. And when it says, He compelled, it shows the great attentiveness of the disciples. And He sent them away, on the pretext of the crowds, but He Himself wished to go up into the mountain; and He did this, again teaching us, neither to mingle with crowds continually, nor always to flee the multitude, but to use both profitably, and to alternate each according to what is needful. Let us learn, therefore, to attend upon Jesus, but not for the sake of the gift of sensible things, lest we be reproached like the Jews. For, He says, You seek Me, not because you saw signs, but because you ate of the loaves and were filled. For this reason He does not perform this sign continually, but only a second time, so that they might be taught

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εἰρημένοις, ὡς ἔμοιγε δοκεῖ, διὰ τοῦτο ἐκ τῶν ὑποκειμένων ποιεῖ, ἵνα αὐτοὺς εἰς πίστιν ἀγάγῃ· ἔτι γὰρ ἀσθενέστερον διέκειντο. ∆ιὸ καὶ εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν ἀναβλέπει. Τῶν μὲν γὰρ ἄλλων σημείων εἶχον πολλὰ ὑποδείγματα· τούτου δὲ οὐδέν. Λαβὼν τοίνυν διέκλασε, καὶ ἐδίδου διὰ τῶν μαθητῶν, τούτῳ αὐτοὺς τιμῶν· οὐ τιμῶν δὲ μόνον, ἀλλ' ἵνα ὅταν γένηται τὸ θαῦμα, μὴ ἀπιστήσωσι, μηδὲ ἐπιλάθωνται παρελθόντος, τῶν χειρῶν αὐτοῖς μαρτυρουσῶν. ∆ιὸ καὶ τοὺς ὄχλους ἀφίησι πρότερον τῆς πείνης αἴσθησιν λαβεῖν, καὶ τούτους ἀναμένει πρότερον προσελθεῖν καὶ ἐρωτῆσαι, καὶ δι' αὐτῶν αὐτοὺς κατακλίνει, καὶ δι' αὐτῶν διανέμει, ταῖς οἰκείαις ὁμολογίαις καὶ τοῖς ἔργοις προκαταλαβεῖν βουλόμενος ἕκαστον. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο καὶ παρ' αὐτῶν λαμβάνει τοὺς ἄρτους, ἵνα πολλὰ τὰ μαρτύρια ᾖ τοῦ γινομένου, καὶ ὑπομνήματα τοῦ θαύματος ἔχωσιν. Εἰ γὰρ καὶ τούτων συμβάντων ἐπελάθοντο, τί οὐκ ἂν ἔπαθον, εἰ μὴ καὶ ταῦτα κατεσκεύασε; Καὶ κελεύει αὐτοὺς ἐπὶ στιβάδος ἀναπεσεῖν, φιλοσοφεῖν τοὺς ὄχλους παιδεύων. Οὐ γὰρ θρέψαι τὰ σώματα μόνον ἐβούλετο, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὴν ψυχὴν παιδεῦσαι. γʹ. Καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ τόπου τοίνυν, καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ μηδὲν πλέον ἄρτων δοῦναι καὶ ἰχθύων, καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ πᾶσι τὰ αὐτὰ προθεῖναι καὶ ποιῆσαι κοινὰ, καὶ μηδὲν θατέρῳ θατέρου πλέον παρασχεῖν, καὶ ταπεινοφροσύνην, καὶ ἐγκράτειαν, καὶ ἀγάπην, καὶ τὸ ὁμοίως πρὸς ἀλλήλους διακεῖσθαι, καὶ τὸ κοινὰ πάντα νομίζειν εἶναι ἐπαίδευε. Καὶ κλάσας ἔδωκε τοῖς μαθηταῖς, οἱ δὲ μαθηταὶ τοῖς ὄχλοις. Τοὺς πέντε ἄρτους κλάσας ἔδωκε, καὶ οἱ πέντε ἐν ταῖς χερσὶ τῶν μαθητῶν ἐπήγαζον. Καὶ οὐδὲ μέχρι τούτου τὸ θαῦμα ἱστᾷ, ἀλλὰ καὶ περισσεῦσαι ἐποίησε· καὶ περισσεῦσαι οὐχὶ ἄρτους ὁλοκλήρους, ἀλλὰ κλάσματα· ἵνα δείξῃ ὅτι ἐκείνων τῶν ἄρτων ταῦτα λείψανα ἦν, καὶ ὥστε τοὺς ἀπόντας μαθεῖν τὸ γεγενημένον. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο καὶ πεινᾶσαι ἀφῆκε τοὺς ὄχλους, ἵνα μή τις φαντασίαν εἶναι νομίσῃ τὸ γεγενημένον. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο καὶ δώδεκα κοφίνους περισσεῦσαι ἐποίησεν, ἵνα καὶ Ἰούδας βαστάσῃ. Ἠδύνατο μὲν γὰρ καὶ σβέσαι τὴν πεῖναν, ἀλλ' οὐκ ἂν ἔγνωσαν οἱ μαθηταὶ τὴν δύναμιν, ἐπεὶ καὶ ἐπὶ Ἠλίου τοῦτο γέγονεν. Οὕτω γοῦν αὐτὸν ἐξεπλάγησαν ἐντεῦθεν οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι, ὅτι καὶ βασιλέα ἠθέλησαν ποιῆσαι, καίτοιγε ἐπὶ τῶν ἄλλων σημείων οὐδαμοῦ τοῦτο ποιήσαντες. Τίς τοίνυν παραστήσειε λόγος, πῶς ἐπήγαζον οἱ ἄρτοι; πῶς ἐπέῤῥεον ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ; πῶς τοσούτοις ἤρκεσαν; (καὶ γὰρ πεντακισχίλιοι ἦσαν, χωρὶς γυναικῶν καὶ παιδίων· ὃ μέγιστον ἦν τοῦ δήμου ἐγκώμιον, ὅτι καὶ γυναῖκες καὶ ἄνδρες προσήδρευον·) πῶς τὰ λείψανα γέγονε; (καὶ γὰρ καὶ τοῦτο τοῦ προτέρου οὐκ ἔλαττον·) καὶ τοσαῦτα γέγονεν, ὥστε ἰσαρίθμους γενέσθαι τοῖς μαθηταῖς κοφίνους, καὶ μήτε πλείω μήτε ἐλάττω; Λαβὼν τοίνυν τὰ κλάσματα, οὐχὶ τοῖς ὄχλοις ἔδωκεν, ἀλλὰ τοῖς μαθηταῖς· καὶ γὰρ τῶν μαθητῶν οἱ ὄχλοι ἀτελέστερον διέκειντο. Ποιήσας δὲ τὸ σημεῖον, Εὐθέως ἠνάγκασε τοὺς 58.500 μαθητὰς ἐμβῆναι εἰς τὸ πλοῖον, καὶ προάγειν αὐτὸν εἰς τὸ πέραν, ἕως οὗ ἀπολύσῃ τοὺς ὄχλους. Εἰ γὰρ καὶ παρὼν ἐδόκει φαντάζειν, ἀλλ' οὐκ ἀλήθειαν πεποιηκέναι, οὐ δήπου καὶ ἀπών. ∆ιὰ δὴ τοῦτο ἀκριβεῖ βασάνῳ ἐπιτρέπων τὰ γεγενημένα, τοὺς τὰ ὑπομνήματα λαβόντας καὶ τὸν ἔλεγχον τῶν σημείων ἐκέλευσεν αὐτοῦ χωρίζεσθαι. Καὶ ἄλλως δὲ, ὅταν μεγάλα ἐργάζηται, ἀποσκευάζεται τοὺς ὄχλους καὶ τοὺς μαθητὰς, παιδεύων ἡμᾶς μηδαμοῦ τὴν παρὰ τῶν πολλῶν δόξαν διώκειν, καὶ μὴ ἐπισύρεσθαι πλῆθος. Ὅταν δὲ εἴπῃ, Ἠνάγκασε, τὴν πολλὴν τῶν μαθητῶν προσεδρείαν δείκνυσι. Καὶ ἔπεμπεν αὐτοὺς, ἐπὶ προφάσει μὲν τῶν ὄχλων, αὐτὸς δὲ εἰς τὸ ὄρος βουλόμενος ἀναβῆναι· ἐποίει δὲ τοῦτο πάλιν παιδεύων ἡμᾶς, μήτε ὄχλοις ἀναμίγνυσθαι διηνεκῶς, μήτε φεύγειν ἀεὶ τὸ πλῆθος, ἀλλ' ἑκάτερα χρησίμως, καὶ ἕκαστον ἐναλλάττοντας πρὸς τὸ δέον. Μάθωμεν τοίνυν καὶ ἡμεῖς προσεδρεύειν τῷ Ἰησοῦ, ἀλλὰ μὴ διὰ τὴν τῶν αἰσθητῶν δόσιν, ἵνα μὴ ὀνειδισθῶμεν κατὰ τοὺς Ἰουδαίους. Καὶ γὰρ, Ζητεῖτέ με, φησὶν, οὐχ ὅτι εἴδετε σημεῖα, ἀλλ' ὅτι ἐφάγετε ἐκ τῶν ἄρτων καὶ ἐχορτάσθητε. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο οὐδὲ συνεχῶς ποιεῖ τουτὶ τὸ σημεῖον, ἀλλὰ δεύτερον μόνον, ὥστε παιδεύεσθαι