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but after so great a miracle, they were willing to dare the waters; But they ought, even if they were the most insensible of all, having considered both the things before, and the present things before their eyes, to have been amazed at His strength, and to have worshipped, and to have ceased from their untimely contentiousness. But they, seeing all creation being transformed according to His will, and warring against them, did not even so cease from their madness, but even seeing that paradoxical wonder, they dared that strange and new journey. Therefore the sea also becomes a tomb for them; for what happened was not a work of nature, but a blow from God; for this very reason in a brief moment of time it wrought opposite effects; and it was not cut into one part, but according to the number of all the tribes. And for each of the signs he recalls mercy, because this was especially of great concern to God, since the wonders came about through the elements, so that what happened might not be thought to be of some natural sequence, but of the influence from above miraculously producing the wonders. Which indeed also happened in the case of the sea, and became clear, not from its happening then, but from its no longer happening after that; but again the things that happen naturally are accustomed to be accomplished continuously and frequently, and in due season. And to him that led Israel through the midst of it: for his mercy endureth for ever. 3. Do you see how justly in each verse he says, "For his mercy endureth for ever"? For all these things showed His continual care. For even if the events had an end, yet their memorials provided to those after them a great basis for the knowledge of God. For being transmitted by memory to descendants, they guided them to much philosophy. Furthermore, not only were those things done, and the care of God ceased, nor did His philanthropy stop with the affairs of Egypt, but every season and all time has extending signs of His ineffable philanthropy. For which he himself, being astonished, continually adds, "For his mercy endureth for ever." And well did he add, 55.403 "To him that led Israel through the midst of it;" since this too was of the power of God. For it was not enough that the sea receded, and made the passage easy for them; but indeed this very thing would have especially astonished them, and frightened them, and prevented them from daring, instilling great cowardice by its paradoxical nature; but it was of the power of God also, after the withdrawal of the sea, to put courage into them, and to persuade them to cross that new and strange road. For with the waters being heaped up in each section, they needed a certain high and noble soul, so as not to fear the crossing, nor to suspect that the seas, heaped up on both sides, would come upon them, and drown the entire army. And overthrew Pharaoh and his host in the Red sea. Wishing to show the ease of the drowning, he used this word. But consider for me, how with power and indignation He also showed long-suffering, not destroying them beforehand, though they were so shamelessly and contentiously disposed, until they themselves willingly brought and cast themselves down. And not without reason is the army also punished; but since they shared in the sins, and took part in the pursuit, they also share in the punishment and the retribution. To him which led his people through the wilderness: for his mercy endureth for ever. This is no less than leading them through the sea. For even if dry land lay beneath, able to support the army, yet there were many other things that were distressing. For they were all sufficient to consume them, and to deliver them to a most grievous death: both famine, and drought, and thirst, and a hotter ray than necessary pressing down, and

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ἀλλὰ μετὰ τοσαύτην θαυματουργίαν βουλομένους κατατολμῆσαι τῶν ὑδάτων· ἔδει δὲ αὐτοὺς, εἰ καὶ πάντων ἦσαν ἀναισθητότεροι, τά τε πρότερα ἐννοήσαντας, τά τε παρόντα καὶ πρὸ τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν, ἐκπλαγῆναι αὐτοῦ τὴν ἰσχὺν, καὶ προσκυνῆσαι, καὶ παύσασθαι τῆς ἀκαίρου φιλονεικίας. Οἱ δὲ τὴν κτίσιν ἅπασαν ὁρῶντες πρὸς τὸ δοκοῦν αὐτῷ μεταστοιχειουμένην, καὶ πολεμοῦσαν αὐτοῖς, οὐδὲ οὕτως ἔληξαν τῆς μανίας, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸ παράδοξον ἐκεῖνο θαῦμα βλέποντες, κατετόλμησαν τῆς ξένης ἐκείνης καὶ καινῆς ὁδοιπορίας. ∆ιὸ καὶ τάφος αὐτοῖς τὸ πέλαγος γίνεται· οὐδὲ γὰρ φύσεως ἦν ἔργον, ἀλλὰ θεηλάτου πληγῆς τὸ γενόμενον· διὰ δὴ τοῦτο ἐν βραχείᾳ καιροῦ ῥοπῇ τὰ ἐναντία εἰργάζετο· καὶ οὐ καθ' ἓν ἐτέμνετο μέρος, ἀλλὰ κατὰ ἀριθμὸν τῶν φυλῶν ἁπασῶν. Καθ' ἕκαστον δὲ τῶν σημείων ἐλέους μνημονεύει, ὅτι τοῦτο μάλιστα ἦν τῷ Θεῷ περισπούδαστον, ἐπειδὴ διὰ τῶν στοιχείων ἐγίνετο τὸ θαύματα, μὴ φυσικῆς τινος ἀκολουθίας εἶναι νομισθῇ τὰ γινόμενα, ἀλλὰ τῆς ἄνωθεν ῥοπῆς παραδοξοποιούσης τὰ θαύματα. Ὃ δὴ καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς θαλάττης συνέβαινε, καὶ δῆλον ἐγίνετο, οὐκ ἐκ τοῦ συμβῆναι τότε, ἀλλ' ἐκ τοῦ μετ' ἐκεῖνο μηκέτι γενέσθαι· πάλιν δὲ τὰ φυσικῶς γινόμενα, συνεχῆ καὶ πυκνὰ, καὶ κατὰ καιρὸν ἐπιτελεῖσθαι πέφυκε. Καὶ διαγαγόντι τὸν Ἰσραὴλ διὰ μέσου αὐτῆς· ὅτι εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα τὸ ἔλεος αὐτοῦ. γʹ. Ὁρᾷς πῶς δικαίως καθ' ἕκαστον στίχον λέγει τὸ, Εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα τὸ ἔλεος αὐτοῦ; Ταῦτα γὰρ ἅπαντα τὴν διηνεκῆ κηδεμονίαν ἐδείκνυ. Εἰ γὰρ καὶ τὰ γενόμενα τέλος εἶχεν, ἀλλ' αἱ μνῆμαι αὐτῶν τοῖς μετὰ ταῦτα πολλὴν θεογνωσίας παρεῖχον ὑπόθεσιν. Καὶ γὰρ τῇ μνήμῃ εἰς ἐγγόνους παραπεμπόμενα ἐχειραγώγει πρὸς φιλοσοφίαν πολλήν. Ἄλλως δὲ οὐκ ἐκεῖνα ἐπράχθη μόνον, καὶ ἐπαύσατο ἡ τοῦ Θεοῦ κηδεμονία, οὐδὲ μέχρι τῶν Αἰγυπτιακῶν ἔστη τὰ τῆς φιλανθρωπίας, ἀλλ' ἕκαστος καιρὸς καὶ χρόνος ἅπας ἔχει παρατεινόμενα τῆς ἀφάτου αὐτοῦ φιλανθρωπίας τὰ δείγματα. Ὑπὲρ ὧν καὶ αὐτὸς ἐκπληττόμενος, συνεχῶς ἐπιλέγει τὸ, Ὅτι εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα τὸ ἔλεος αὐτοῦ. Καὶ καλῶς 55.403 ἐπήγαγε, Τῷ διαγαγόντι τὸν Ἰσραὴλ διὰ μέσου αὐτῆς· ἐπεὶ καὶ τοῦτο τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ δυνάμεως. Οὐ γὰρ ἤρκει τὸ τὴν θάλασσαν ὑπονοστῆσαι, καὶ ῥᾳδίαν αὐτοῖς ποιῆσαι τὴν δίοδον· ἀλλ' αὐτὸ μὲν οὖν τοῦτο μάλιστα ἂν αὐτοὺς ἐξέπληξε, καὶ ἐφόβησε, καὶ ἀπεῖρξε τολμᾷν, τῷ παραδόξῳ πολλὴν δειλίαν ἐμποιοῦν· ἀλλὰ τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ δυνάμεως ἐγένετο τὸ καὶ μετὰ τὴν ἀναχώρησιν τῆς θαλάσσης θάρσος αὐτοῖς ἐνθεῖναι, καὶ πεῖσαι διαβῆναι τὴν καινὴν ἐκείνην καὶ ξένην ὁδόν. Καὶ γὰρ ἐν ἑκατέρῳ τμήματι κορυφουμένων τῶν ὑδάτων, ὑψηλῆς τινος καὶ γενναίας ἔδει ψυχῆς αὐτοῖς, ὥστε μὴ δεῖσαι τὴν διάβασιν, μηδὲ ὑποπτεῦσαι, ὅτι κορυφούμενα ἑκατέρωθεν τὰ πελάγη ἐπελεύσεται αὐτοῖς, καὶ καταποντίσει τὸ στρατόπεδον ἅπαν. Καὶ ἐκτινάξαντι Φαραὼ καὶ τὴν δύναμιν αὐτοῦ εἰς θάλασσαν Ἐρυθράν. Τὴν εὐκολίαν βουλόμενος δεῖξαι τοῦ καταποντισμοῦ, τῇ λέξει ταύτῃ ἐχρήσατο. Σὺ δέ μοι σκόπει, πῶς μετὰ τῆς δυνάμεως καὶ τῆς ἀγανακτήσεως καὶ τὴν μακροθυμίαν ἐπεδείξατο, οὐ πρότερον αὐτοὺς ἀνελὼν, καίτοι οὕτως ἀναισχύντως καὶ φιλονείκως διακειμένους, ἕως ὅτε φέροντες αὐτοὶ ἑαυτοὺς ἑκόντες κατεκρήμνισαν. Οὐδ' εἰκῆ δὲ καὶ τὸ στρατόπεδον κολάζεται· ἀλλ' ἐπειδὴ τῶν ἁμαρτημάτων ἐκοινώνησαν, καὶ τῆς διώξεως μετέσχον, κοινωνοῦσι καὶ τῆς κολάσεως καὶ τῆς τιμωρίας. Τῷ διαγαγόντι τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ· ὅτι εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα τὸ ἔλεος αὐτοῦ. Τοῦτο οὐκ ἔλαττον τοῦ διὰ τῆς θαλάττης διαγαγεῖν. Εἰ γὰρ καὶ ξηρὰ ὑπέκειτο γῆ, δυναμένη στέγειν τὸ στρατόπεδον, ἀλλ' ὅμως πολλὰ ἕτερα ἦν τὰ λυποῦντα. Καὶ γὰρ ἱκανὰ πάντα καταναλῶσαι, καὶ θανάτῳ παραδοῦναι χαλεπωτάτῳ, καὶ λιμὸς, καὶ αὐχμὸς, καὶ δίψος, καὶ ἀκτὶς θερμοτέρα τοῦ δέοντος ἐπικειμένη, καὶ