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1. And previously when he was about to perform this sign, first he healed those whose bodies were maimed; and here he does this same thing; from the healing of the blind and lame he proceeds to this again. But why then did the disciples say at that time, "Send the crowds away," but now they did not say it, and this after three days had passed? Either because they themselves had now become better, or because they saw that the others were not very sensible of the hunger; for they were glorifying God for the things that were happening. But see how even now he does not simply come to the miracle, but he calls them forth to it. For the crowds, having come for healing, did not dare to ask for the loaves; but he, the lover of mankind and provider, gives even to those who do not ask, and says to the disciples: I have compassion, and I am not willing to send them away fasting. For lest they should say that they came having provisions, he says: For three days now they have remained with me; so that even if they came having them, these have been consumed. For for this reason he himself did not do this on the first and second day, but when everything of theirs had been consumed, so that, first being in need, they might receive what was happening with greater eagerness. For this reason he says, Lest they faint on the way; showing that they were also far away, and that nothing was left to them. And if you are not willing to send them away fasting, for what reason do you not perform the sign? So that in this question and the answer he might make the disciples more attentive, and they might show their faith, by coming forward and saying: Make loaves. But not even so did they understand the reason for the question; wherefore later he says 58.526 to them, as Mark says, that Are your hearts so hardened? Having eyes do you not see, and having ears do you not hear? For if this were not so, for what reason does he speak to the disciples, and show that the crowds are worthy to be well-treated, and also add the mercy from himself? But Matthew says, that after these things he also rebuked them, saying: O you of little faith, do you not yet understand, nor remember the five loaves for the five thousand, and how many baskets you took up? nor the seven loaves for the four thousand, and how many large baskets you took up? Thus the evangelists agree with one another. What then of the disciples? They still creep on the ground; although he had done countless things so that that miracle might be remembered, both through the question, and through the answer, and through making them ministers, and through distributing the baskets; but they were still in a rather imperfect state. Therefore they also say to him: From where do we have so many loaves in the wilderness? Both before this and now they mention the wilderness, they saying this with weak reasoning, but thereby also making the sign unsuspected. For lest anyone say, as I have already said, that they took them from some nearby village, the place is acknowledged, so that the miracle might be believed. For this reason he performs both the former sign and this one in the wilderness, being far from the villages. Understanding none of which, the disciples said: From where do we have so many loaves in the wilderness? For they thought he had said these things as if he were about to command them to feed them; very foolishly. For this reason he also said before, You give them something to eat, in order to give them an occasion to entreat him. But now he does not even say this, that You give them something to eat, but what? I have compassion, and I am not willing to send them away fasting; bringing them nearer and provoking them more, and giving them 58.527 opportunity to look to asking these things from him. For the words were of one showing that he is able not to send them away fasting, and manifesting his authority. For the "I am not willing," is of one showing this. But since they now mentioned the multitude, and the place, and the wilderness; (For "From where," he says, "do we have so many loaves in the wilderness, so as to feed so great a crowd?") and not even so did they understand what was said, he then contributes what is from himself, and says to them: How many loaves do you have? And they say, Seven, and a few small fish. And they no longer say, But what are these among so many? as they had said before. Thus, even if they did not grasp the whole, nevertheless they were higher by

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αʹ. Καὶ ἀνωτέρω τὸ σημεῖον τοῦτο μέλλων ποιεῖν, πρῶτον ἐθεράπευσε τοὺς τὸ σῶμα πεπηρωμένους· καὶ ἐνταῦθα τὸ αὐτὸ τοῦτο ποιεῖ· ἀπὸ τῆς τῶν τυφλῶν καὶ χωλῶν ἰάσεως εἰς τοῦτο ἐμβαίνει πάλιν. Τί δήποτε δὲ τότε μὲν εἶπον οἱ μαθηταὶ, Ἀπόλυσον τοὺς ὄχλους· νῦν δὲ οὐκ εἶπον, καὶ ταῦτα παρελθουσῶν τριῶν ἡμερῶν; Ἢ καὶ αὐτοὶ βελτίους γενόμενοι λοιπὸν, ἢ καὶ ἐκείνους ὁρῶντες οὐ σφόδρα αἰσθανομένους τοῦ λιμοῦ· καὶ γὰρ ἐδόξαζον τὸν Θεὸν ἐπὶ τοῖς γινομένοις. Ἀλλ' ὅρα πῶς καὶ νῦν οὐχ ἁπλῶς ἐπὶ τὸ θαῦμα ἔρχεται, ἀλλ' ἐκκαλεῖται αὐτοὺς εἰς τοῦτο. Οἱ μὲν γὰρ ὄχλοι ἐπὶ ἰατρείαν ἐλθόντες οὐκ ἐτόλμων τοὺς ἄρτους αἰτῆσαι· αὐτὸς δὲ ὁ φιλάνθρωπος καὶ κηδεμὼν, καὶ οὐκ αἰτοῦσι δίδωσι, καί φησι πρὸς τοὺς μαθητάς· Σπλαγχνίζομαι, καὶ ἀπολῦσαι αὐτοὺς νήστεις οὐ θέλω. Ἵνα γὰρ μὴ λέγωσιν, ὅτι ἐφόδια ἔχοντες ἦλθον, φησί· Τρεῖς ἡμέρας ἤδη μοι παραμένουσιν· ὥστε εἰ καὶ ἔχοντες ἦλθον, ἀνάλωται ταῦτα. ∆ιὰ γὰρ τοῦτο καὶ αὐτὸς οὐκ ἐν τῇ πρώτῃ καὶ δευτέρᾳ τοῦτο πεποίηκεν, ἀλλ' ὅτε αὐτοῖς ἅπαντα ἀνάλωτο, ὥστε πρότερον αὐτοὺς ἐν χρείᾳ καταστάντας μετὰ πλείονος τῆς προθυμίας δέξασθαι τὸ γινόμενον. ∆ιὰ τοῦτό φησιν, Ἵνα μὴ ἐκλυθῶσιν ἐν τῇ ὁδῷ· δεικνὺς ὅτι καὶ πόῤῥωθεν ἀφεστήκεσαν, καὶ οὐδὲν αὐτοῖς ὑπολελειμμένον ἦν. Καὶ εἰ μὴ θέλεις ἀπολῦσαι νήστεις, τίνος ἕνεκεν οὐ ποιεῖς τὸ σημεῖον; Ἵνα ἐν τῇ ἐρωτήσει ταύτῃ καὶ τῇ ἀποκρίσει προσεκτικωτέρους ποιήσῃ τοὺς μαθητὰς, καὶ τὴν πίστιν αὐτῶν ἐπιδείξωνται, προσιόντες καὶ λέγοντες· Ποίησον ἄρτους. Ἀλλ' οὐδὲ οὕτω συνῆκαν τῆς ἐρωτήσεως τὴν αἰτίαν· ὅθεν ὕστερον λέγει 58.526 αὐτοῖς, καθώς φησιν ὁ Μάρκος, ὅτι Οὕτως εἰσὶ πεπωρωμέναι αἱ καρδίαι ὑμῶν; ὀφθαλμοὺς ἔχοντες οὐ βλέπετε, καὶ ὦτα ἔχοντες οὐκ ἀκούετε; Ἐπεὶ εἰ μὴ τοῦτο ἦν, τίνος ἕνεκεν τοῖς μαθηταῖς λέγει, καὶ δείκνυσιν ἀξίους τοῦ παθεῖν εὖ τοὺς ὄχλους, καὶ προστίθησι καὶ τὸν ἔλεον τὸν παρ' αὐτοῦ; Ὁ δὲ Ματθαῖός φησιν, ὅτι μετὰ ταῦτα καὶ ἐπετίμησεν αὐτοῖς λέγων· Ὀλιγόπιστοι, οὔπω νοεῖτε, οὐδὲ μνημονεύετε τοὺς πέντε ἄρτους τῶν πεντακισχιλίων, καὶ πόσους κοφίνους ἐλάβετε; οὐδὲ τοὺς ἑπτὰ ἄρτους τῶν τετρακισχιλίων, καὶ πόσας σπυρίδας ἐλάβετε; Οὕτως ἀλλήλοις συμφωνοῦσιν οἱ εὐαγγελισταί. Τί οὖν οἱ μαθηταί; Ἔτι χαμαὶ ἕρπουσι· καίτοι μυρία ἐποίησεν, ὥστε μνημονευθῆναι ἐκεῖνο τὸ θαῦμα, καὶ διὰ τῆς ἐρωτήσεως, καὶ διὰ τῆς ἀποκρίσεως, καὶ διὰ τοῦ ποιῆσαι διακόνους αὐτοὺς, καὶ διὰ τοῦ νεῖμαι τοὺς κοφίνους ἀλλ' ἔτι ἀτελέστερον διέκειντο. ∆ιὸ καὶ λέγουσιν αὐτῷ· Πόθεν ἡμῖν ἐν ἐρήμῳ ἄρτοι τοσοῦτοι; Καὶ πρὸ τούτου καὶ νῦν τῆς ἐρημίας μέμνηνται, αὐτοὶ μὲν ἀσθενεῖ λογισμῷ τοῦτο λέγοντες, τὸ δὲ σημεῖον καὶ ἐντεῦθεν ἀνύποπτον ποιοῦντες. Ἵνα γὰρ μή τις λέγῃ, ὅπερ καὶ ἤδη εἶπον, ὅτι ἀπὸ πλησίον τινὸς κώμης οὔσης ἔλαβον, ὁμολογεῖται ὁ τόπος, ἵνα πιστευθῇ τὸ θαῦμα. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο καὶ τὸ πρότερον σημεῖον καὶ τοῦτο ἐν ἐρημίᾳ ποιεῖ, πολὺ τῶν κωμῶν ἀπεχούσῃ. Ὧν οὐδὲν συνιέντες οἱ μαθηταὶ ἔλεγον· Πόθεν ἡμῖν ἐν ἐρημίᾳ ἄρτοι τοσοῦτοι; Καὶ γὰρ ἐνόμιζον ταῦτα αὐτὸν εἰρηκέναι, ὡς αὐτοῖς μέλλοντα ἐπιτάττειν διατρέφειν αὐτούς· σφόδρα ἀνοήτως. ∆ιὰ γὰρ τοῦτο καὶ πρώην ἔλεγε, ∆ότε αὐτοῖς ὑμεῖς φαγεῖν, ἵνα αὐτοὺς εἰς ἀφορμὴν ἐμβάλῃ τοῦ αὐτὸν παρακαλέσαι. Νῦν δὲ οὐδὲ τοῦτό φησιν, ὅτι ∆ότε αὐτοῖς φαγεῖν, ἀλλὰ τί; Σπλαγχνίζομαι, καὶ ἀπολῦσαι αὐτοὺς νήστεις οὐ θέλω· ἐγγύτερον αὐτοὺς ἄγων καὶ ἐρεθίζων μᾶλλον, καὶ διδοὺς 58.527 διαβλέψαι πρὸς τὸ παρ' αὐτοῦ ταῦτα αἰτῆσαι. Καὶ γὰρ δεικνύντος ἦν τὰ ῥήματα, ὅτι δύναται μὴ ἀπολῦσαι αὐτοὺς νήστεις, καὶ ἐμφαίνοντος τὴν ἐξουσίαν. Τὸ γὰρ, Οὐ θέλω, τοῦτό ἐστιν ἐνδεικνυμένου. Ἐπειδὴ δὲ τοῦ πλήθους ἐμνημόνευσαν λοιπὸν, καὶ τοῦ τόπου, καὶ τῆς ἐρημίας· (Πόθεν γὰρ, φησὶν, ἡμῖν ἐν ἐρημίᾳ ἄρτοι τοσοῦτοι, ὥστε χορτάσαι ὄχλον τοσοῦτον;) καὶ οὐδὲ οὕτω συνῆκαν τὸ λεχθὲν, λοιπὸν αὐτὸς τὰ παρ' ἑαυτοῦ εἰσφέρει, καί φησιν αὐτοῖς· Πόσους ἄρτους ἔχετε; Οἱ δὲ λέγουσιν, Ἑπτὰ, καὶ ὀλίγα ἰχθύδια. Καὶ οὐκέτι λέγουσιν, Ἀλλὰ ταῦτα τί ἐστιν εἰς τοσούτους; ὥσπερ ἔμπροσθεν εἶπον. Οὕτως εἰ καὶ μὴ τοῦ παντὸς ἐπελαμβάνοντο, ἀλλ' ὅμως ὑψηλότεροι κατὰ