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the elder shall serve the younger. For there is no need to await the end of their works, but even before these things He Himself knows the worthless one, and the one who will not be such. You have searched out my path and my lot, and you foresaw all my ways. Just as he speaks of 'sitting down' and 'rising up' for actions, from common usage; for we too often say, 'So-and-so knows how he sits down, how he gets up,' bearing witness to his precise knowledge; so here he speaks of 'path' and 'lot' for his whole life. Therefore he also adds: And you foresaw all my ways. And the 'You have searched out' is not of one seeking, nor of one investigating, but of one who knows precisely. And showing this, he added, 'You foresaw;' that is, 'Before they came to be, you know all actions, both the evil and the good.' For there is no deceit in my tongue. Another, 'Duplicity.' This is the greatest proof of virtue, this is the chief of good things, this is what Christ most seeks when He says: Unless you turn and become like children, you will not enter the kingdom of heaven; alluding to what is guileless, without deceit, unfeigned and simple. Therefore He also chose unlearned men, and said: I thank you, Father, that you have hidden these things from the wise and understanding, and have revealed them to infants. See: he did not say, 'I received and cast out deceit;' but, 'This malady never even came to be, nor did it ever come upon my tongue, but this wickedness has become inaccessible to me.' Behold, Lord, you have known all things, the last and the first. Not only do you know my thoughts, he says, nor my actions, nor my ways, but all things that have been and that will be. You formed me, and laid your hand upon me. From the foreknowing power he passed to the creative, and from the creative again to the foreknowing. For not only did He make those who were not, but He also upholds those who have come to be. 2. Paul also bears witness to both these things for Christ, saying: In many and various ways God spoke of old to our fathers by the prophets, but in these last days he has spoken to us by a Son, whom he appointed the heir of all things. Then adding, he speaks also of the creation: through whom also he created the world. And having discoursed about His substance, and having said, 'He is the radiance of the glory, and the exact imprint of his nature,' he shows also His providential power, saying: and he upholds the universe by the word of his power. And writing to the Colossians he said these same things again, For in him all things were created, in heaven and on earth, whether thrones, or dominions, or rulers, or authorities—all things were created through him and for him. 55.413 He is before all things. This is of his creation. Then, declaring the providential, he adds: And in him all things hold together. Again, John, showing both these things, said: All things were made through him, and without him was not anything made that was made. This he said, signifying the creation. Then, the providence: In him was life, and the life was the light of men. This also the prophet here alludes to, saying: You formed me. This is of the creation. He spoke also of providence: And you laid your hand upon me. What is 'You laid'? You uphold, you sustain, you support. Which Paul also declared, saying, For in him we live, and move, and have our being. For not only in coming to be, but also in being and remaining, we need his power. Your knowledge has been made wonderful to me, it has been made strong; I cannot attain to it. Another, 'It surpasses me.' And instead of 'It has been made strong,' another, 'It has been exalted.' And what he says is this: I both enjoy your providence, and I know that you foresee all things, and that you made me from things that are not, yet I cannot have all accurate and clear knowledge concerning you, but 'It has been made wonderful,' that is,

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ὁ μείζων δουλεύσει τῷ ἐλάσσονι. Οὐδὲν γὰρ δεῖται ἀναμεῖναι τῶν ἔργων τὸ τέλος, ἀλλὰ καὶ πρὸ τούτων οἶδεν αὐτὸς τὸν φαῦλον, καὶ τὸν οὐ τοιοῦτον ἐσόμενον. Τὴν τρίβον μου καὶ τὴν σχοῖνόν μου σὺ ἐξιχνίασας, καὶ πάσας τὰς ὁδούς μου προεῖδες. Ὥσπερ καθέδραν καὶ ἔγερσιν τὰς πράξεις λέγει ἀπὸ τῆς κοινῆς συνηθείας· καὶ γὰρ πολλάκις καὶ ἡμεῖς λέγομεν, Οἶδεν ὁ δεῖνα, πῶς κάθηται, πῶς ἐγείρεται, τὴν ἀκριβῆ αὐτοῦ γνῶσιν μαρτυροῦντες· οὕτω τρίβον καὶ σχοῖνον ἐνταῦθα τὴν ζωὴν αὐτοῦ πᾶσαν λέγει. ∆ιὸ καὶ ἐπάγει· Καὶ πάσας τὰς ὁδούς μου προεῖδες. Καὶ τὸ Ἐξιχνίασας δὲ, οὐ ζητοῦντός ἐστιν, οὐδὲ ἐρευνῶντος, ἀλλ' ἀκριβῶς ἐπισταμένου. Καὶ τοῦτο δεικνὺς ἐπήγαγε, Προεῖδες· τουτέστι, Πρὶν ἢ γενέσθαι οἶδας πάσας τὰς πράξεις τὰς πονηρὰς καὶ τὰς ἀγαθάς. Ὅτι οὐκ ἔστι δόλος, ἐν γλώσσῃ μου. Ἄλλος, Ἑτερολογία. Τοῦτο μέγιστον τεκμήριον ἀρετῆς, τοῦτο κεφάλαιον τῶν ἀγαθῶν, τοῦτο ὃ μάλιστα ὁ Χριστὸς ἐπιζητεῖ λέγων· Ἐὰν μὴ στραφῆτε, καὶ γένησθε ὡς τὰ παιδία, οὐ μὴ εἰσέλθητε εἰς τὴν βασιλείαν τῶν οὐρανῶν· τὸ ἄκακον, τὸ ἄδολον, τὸ ἄπλαστον καὶ ἀφελὲς αἰνιττόμενος. ∆ιὸ καὶ ἰδιώτας ἐξελέξατο, καὶ ἔλεγεν· Ἐξομολογοῦμαί σοι, Πάτερ, ὅτι ἀπέκρυψας αὐτὰ ἀπὸ σοφῶν καὶ συνετῶν, καὶ ἀπεκάλυψας αὐτὰ νηπίοις. Ὅρα· οὐκ εἶπεν, ὅτι Ἐδεξάμην, καὶ ἀπέβαλον τὸν δόλον· ἀλλ', ὅτι Οὐδὲ ἐγένετό ποτε, οὐδὲ ἐπέβη τῆς γλώττης τῆς ἐμῆς τουτὶ τὸ νόσημα, ἀλλ' ἄβατος ἡ πονηρία ἀπ' ἐμοῦ αὕτη γέγονεν. Ἰδοὺ, Κύριε, σὺ ἔγνως πάντα, τὰ ἔσχατα καὶ ἀρχαῖα. Οὐ τοὺς λογισμοὺς μόνον οἶδας, φησὶν, οὐδὲ τὰς πράξεις μου, οὐδὲ τὰς ὁδούς μου, ἀλλὰ πάντα τὰ γενόμενα καὶ ἐσόμενα. Σὺ ἔπλασάς με, καὶ ἔθηκας ἐπ' ἐμὲ τὴν χεῖρά σου. Ἀπὸ τῆς προγνωστικῆς δυνάμεως ἐπὶ τὴν δημιουργικὴν μετέβη, καὶ ἀπὸ τῆς δημιουργικῆς πάλιν ἐπὶ τὴν προγνωστικήν. Οὐ γὰρ δὴ μόνον οὐκ ὄντας ἐποίησεν, ἀλλὰ καὶ γενομένους διακρατεῖ. βʹ. Ταῦτα ἑκάτερα καὶ ὁ Παῦλος μαρτυρεῖ τῷ Χριστῷ, λέγων· Πολυμερῶς καὶ πολυτρόπως πάλαι ὁ Θεὸς λαλήσας τοῖς πατράσιν ἐν τοῖς προφήταις, ἐπ' ἐσχάτου τῶν ἡμερῶν ἐλάλησεν ἡμῖν ἐν Υἱῷ, ὃν ἔθηκε κληρονόμον πάντων. Εἶτα ἐπάγων λέγει καὶ τὴν δημιουργίαν· ∆ι' οὗ καὶ τοὺς αἰῶνας ἐποίησε. Καὶ περὶ τῆς οὐσίας αὐτοῦ διαλεχθεὶς, καὶ εἰπὼν, Ὃς ὢν ἀπαύγασμα τῆς δόξης, καὶ χαρακτὴρ τῆς ὑποστάσεως αὐτοῦ, δείκνυσι καὶ τὴν προνοητικὴν αὐτοῦ δύναμιν, λέγων· Φέρων τε τὰ πάντα τῷ ῥήματι τῆς δυνάμεως αὐτοῦ. Καὶ Κολοσσαεῦσιν ἐπιστέλλων τὰ αὐτὰ ταῦτα πάλιν ἔλεγεν, Ὅτι ἐν αὐτῷ ἐκτίσθη τὰ πάντα τὰ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς καὶ τὰ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, εἴτε θρόνοι, εἴτε κυριότητες, εἴτε ἀρχαὶ, εἴτε ἐξουσίαι, τὰ πάντα δι' αὐτοῦ, καὶ εἰς αὐτὸν 55.413 ἔκτισται, αὐτός ἐστι πρὸ πάντων. Τοῦτο τῆς δημιουργίας αὐτοῦ. Εἶτα τὴν προνοητικὴν δηλῶν, ἐπάγει· Καὶ τὰ πάντα ἐν αὐτῷ συνέστηκε. Ταῦτα πάλιν ὁ Ἰωάννης ἀμφότερα ἐνδεικνύμενος, ἔλεγε· Πάντα δι' αὐτοῦ ἐγένετο, καὶ χωρὶς αὐτοῦ ἐγένετο οὐδὲ ἕν. Τοῦτο τὴν δημιουργίαν εἶπεν ἐμφαίνων. Εἶτα τὴν πρόνοιαν· Ζωὴ ἦν, καὶ ἡ ζωὴ ἦν τὸ φῶς τῶν ἀνθρώπων. Τοῦτο καὶ ἐνταῦθα ὁ προφήτης αἰνιττόμενος λέγει· Σὺ ἔπλασάς με. Τοῦτο τῆς δημιουργίας. Εἶπε καὶ τὸ τῆς προνοίας· Καὶ ἔθηκας ἐπ' ἐμὲ τὴν χεῖρά σου. Τί ἐστιν, Ἔθηκας; ∆ιακρατεῖς, συγκροτεῖς, διαβαστάζεις. Ὅπερ καὶ ὁ Παῦλος δηλῶν, Ὅτι ἐν αὐτῷ, εἶπε, ζῶμεν, καὶ κινούμεθα, καὶ ἐσμέν. Οὐ γὰρ δὴ μόνον ἐν τῷ γενέσθαι, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐν τῷ εἶναι καὶ μένειν δεόμεθα αὐτοῦ τῆς δυνάμεως. Ἐθαυμαστώθη ἡ γνῶσίς σου ἐξ ἐμοῦ, ἐκραταιώθη· οὐ μὴ δύνωμαι πρὸς αὐτήν. Ἄλλος, Ὑπερβάλλει με. Ἀντὶ δὲ τοῦ, Ἐκραταιώθη, ἕτερος, Ὑπερεπήρθη.Ὃ δὲ λέγει, τοιοῦτόν ἐστι Καὶ προνοίας ἀπολαύω τῆς σῆς, καὶ εἰδὼς ὅτι πάντα πρόοιδας, καὶ ὅτι ἐξ οὐκ ὄντων με ἐποίησας, ὅμως τὴν περὶ σοῦ γνῶσιν ἀκριβῆ καὶ σαφῆ πᾶσαν ἔχειν οὐ δύναμαι, ἀλλ' Ἐθαυμαστώθη, τουτέστιν,