335

he brings those things forward, but the labors and the dangers, and the crowns for these, and very rightly. For these things are left here, but those things journey with us; and for those we will give an account, but for these we will demand a reward. Do you not know how on the last day sins torment the soul? how they stir up the heart from its depths? Then, therefore, when these things happen, the memory of good works, standing by, just as fair weather in a storm, consoles the troubled soul. For if we are sober, this fear will always be present with us even while we live; but since we are disposed insensibly, when we are cast out from here, it will surely come upon us. Since even the prisoner then suffers most, when they lead him out to the tribunal; then he trembles most, when he is near the judgment seat, when he must give his account. For this reason it is possible then to hear many relating terrors, and dreadful visions, the sight of which the departing can no longer bear, and lying on their very bed they shake it with great violence, and look terrifyingly at those present, as the soul pushes itself inward, and shrinks from being torn from the body, and cannot bear the sight of the approaching angels. For if we are terrified when looking upon fearsome men, what will we not suffer when we see threatening angels and stern powers arriving, when our soul is being dragged and torn from the body, and lamenting much, randomly and in vain? Since even that rich man, after he departed, mourned much, but gained nothing from it. Therefore, imagining all these things to ourselves and turning them over, so that we too may not suffer the same things, let us maintain the fear from these things at its peak, so that we may flee the punishment from the deeds, and attain the eternal good things; may it be that we all attain them, by the grace and loving-kindness of our Lord Jesus Christ, with whom to the Father be glory, together with the holy and life-giving Spirit, now and ever and unto ages of ages. Amen.

58.531 HOMILY 54. Now when Jesus went out into the parts of Caesarea Philippi, he asked his disciples, saying; Whom do men say that I am,

the Son of man? 1. For what reason did he mention the founder of the city? Because there is also another, that of

Strato. And not in that one, 58.532 but in this one he asks them, leading them far from the Jews, so that, freed from all anxiety, they might say with boldness all the things on their mind. And for what reason did he not ask their opinion immediately, but that of the many? So that, having stated theirs, then being asked, But whom do you say that I am? from the manner of the question they might be led up to 58.533 a greater understanding, and not fall into the same lowliness as the many. For this reason he does not ask them at the beginning of the preaching; but when he had performed many signs, and had discoursed with them about many and lofty doctrines, and had provided many proofs of his own divinity and of his oneness with the Father, then he brings this question to them. And he did not say, Whom do the scribes and the Pharisees say that I am? although these often approached and conversed with him; but, Whom do men say that I am? examining the unbribed opinion of the populace. For even if it was much lower than it ought to be, yet it was free from wickedness; but that other opinion was full of much evil. And showing how strongly he wishes the economy to be confessed, he says The Son of man, calling his divinity from this, which he also does in many other places. For he says, No one has ascended into heaven, except the Son of man, who is in heaven; and again, But when you see

335

ἐκείνων φέρει εἰς μέσον, ἀλλὰ τοὺς πόνους καὶ τοὺς κινδύνους, καὶ τοὺς ὑπὲρ τούτων στεφάνους καὶ μάλα εἰκότως. Ταῦτα μὲν γὰρ ἐνταῦθα ἀφίεται ἐκεῖνα δὲ ἡμῖν συναποδημεῖ· κἀκείνων μὲν δώσομεν λόγον, τούτων δὲ μισθὸν ἀπαιτήσομεν. Οὐκ ἴστε ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ τελευταίᾳ πῶς συστρέφει ψυχὴν ἁμαρτήματα; πῶς κάτωθεν τὴν καρδίαν ἀνακινεῖ; Τότε τοίνυν, ὅτε ταῦτα γίνεται, τῶν ἀγαθῶν ἔργων ἡ μνήμη παραστᾶσα, καθάπερ εὐδία ἐν χειμῶνι, παραμυθεῖται τὴν τεθορυβημένην ψυχήν. Ἂν μὲν γὰρ νήφωμεν, καὶ ζώντων ἡμῶν ἀεὶ οὗτος παρέσται ὁ φόβος· ἐπειδὴ δὲ ἀναισθήτως διακείμεθα, ὅταν ἐκβαλλώμεθα ἐντεῦθεν, ἐπιστήσεται πάντως. Ἐπεὶ καὶ ὁ δεσμώτης τότε μάλιστα ἀλγεῖ, ὅταν αὐτὸν ἐξαγάγωσιν ἐπὶ τὸ δικαστήριον· τότε μάλιστα τρέμει, ὅταν ἐγγὺς ᾖ τοῦ βήματος, ὅταν δέῃ τὰς εὐθύνας δοῦναι. ∆ιὰ δὴ τοῦτο καὶ δείματα τῶν πολλῶν τότε ἔστιν ἀκούειν διηγουμένων, καὶ ὄψεις φοβερὰς, ὧν οὐδὲ τὴν θεωρίαν λοιπὸν φέροντες οἱ ἀπιόντες, καὶ τὴν κλίνην αὐτὴν μετὰ πολλῆς τῆς ῥύμης τινάσσουσι κείμενοι, καὶ φοβερὸν ἐνορῶσι τοῖς παροῦσι, τῆς ψυχῆς ἔνδον ἑαυτὴν εἰσωθούσης, καὶ ὀκνούσης ἀποῤῥαγῆναι τοῦ σώματος, καὶ τὴν ὄψιν τῶν ἐρχομένων ἀγγέλων οὐ φερούσης. Εἰ γὰρ ἀνθρώπους φοβεροὺς ἐνορῶντες δεδιττόμεθα, ἀγγέλους ἀπειληφόρους καὶ δυνάμεις ἀποτόμους τῶν παραγινομένων βλέποντες, τί οὐ πεισόμεθα, ἑλκομένης ἡμῖν ἀπὸ τοῦ σώματος τῆς ψυχῆς, καὶ συρομένης, καὶ πολλὰ ἀποδυρομένης εἰκῆ καὶ μάτην; Ἐπεὶ καὶ ὁ πλούσιος ἐκεῖνος μετὰ τὸ ἀπελθεῖν πολλὰ ἐπένθησεν, ἀλλ' οὐδὲν ἀπώνατο. Ταῦτα δὴ πάντα ἀναπλάττοντες παρ' ἑαυτοῖς καὶ ἀναστρέφοντες, ἵνα μὴ καὶ ἡμεῖς τὰ αὐτὰ πάθωμεν, τὸν ἐκ τούτων φόβον ἀκμάζοντα διατηρῶμεν, ὅπως τὴν ἀπὸ τῶν πραγμάτων φύγωμεν κόλασιν, καὶ τῶν αἰωνίων ἐπιτύχωμεν ἀγαθῶν· ὧν γένοιτο πάντας ἡμᾶς ἐπιτυχεῖν, χάριτι καὶ φιλανθρωπίᾳ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, μεθ' οὗ τῷ Πατρὶ ἡ δόξα, ἅμα τῷ ἁγίῳ καὶ ζωοποιῷ Πνεύματι, νῦν καὶ ἀεὶ καὶ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν.

58.531 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ Ν∆ʹ. Ἐξελθὼν δὲ ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἰς τὰ μέρη Καισαρείας τῆς Φιλίππου, ἠρώτα τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ, λέγων· Τίνα με λέγουσιν οἷ ἄνθρωποι εἶναι,

τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ ἀνθρώπου; αʹ. Τίνος ἕνεκεν τὸν οἰκιστὴν τῆς πόλεως εἴρηκεν; Ἐπειδὴ ἔστι καὶ ἑτέρα, ἡ

Στράτωνος. Καὶ οὐκ ἐν ἐκείνῃ, 58.532 ἀλλ' ἐν ταύτῃ αὐτοὺς ἐρωτᾷ, πόῤῥω τῶν Ἰουδαίων ἀπάγων, ὡς πάσης ἀπαλλαγέντας ἀγωνίας μετὰ παῤῥησίας εἰπεῖν τὰ κατὰ διάνοιαν ἅπαντα. Καὶ τίνος ἕνεκεν οὐκ εὐθέως τὴν γνώμην αὐτῶν ἠρώτησεν, ἀλλὰ τὴν τῶν πολλῶν; Ἵνα εἰπόντες τὴν ἐκείνων, εἶτα ἐρωτηθέντες, Ὑμεῖς δὲ τίνα με λέγετε εἶναι; ἀπὸ τοῦ τρόπου τῆς ἐρωτήσεως εἰς 58.533 μείζονα ἀνενεχθῶσιν ἔννοιαν, καὶ μὴ εἰς τὴν αὐτὴν ταπεινότητα τοῖς πολλοῖς περιπέσωσι. ∆ιὰ δὴ τοῦτο οὐδὲ ἐν ἀρχῇ τοῦ κηρύγματος αὐτῶν πυνθάνεται· ἀλλ' ὅτε σημεῖα πολλὰ ἐποίησε, καὶ περὶ πολλῶν αὐτοῖς διελέχθη καὶ ὑψηλῶν δογμάτων, καὶ τῆς αὐτοῦ θεότητος καὶ τῆς πρὸς τὸν Πατέρα ὁμονοίας πολλὰς παρέσχε τὰς ἀποδείξεις, τότε τὴν πεῦσιν αὐτοῖς προσάγει ταύτην. Καὶ οὐκ εἶπε, Τίνα με λέγουσιν οἱ γραμματεῖς καὶ οἱ Φαρισαῖοι εἶναι; καίτοιγε οὗτοι αὐτῷ πολλάκις προσῄεσαν καὶ διελέγοντο· ἀλλὰ, Τίνα με λέγουσιν οἱ ἄνθρωποι εἶναι; τὴν τοῦ δήμου γνώμην τὴν ἀδέκαστον ἐξετάζων. Εἰ γὰρ καὶ πολλῷ ταπεινοτέρα τοῦ δέοντος ἦν, ἀλλὰ πονηρίας ἀπήλλακτο· ἐκείνη δὲ πολλῆς ἔγεμε τῆς κακίας. Καὶ δεικνὺς πῶς σφόδρα βούλεται τὴν οἰκονομίαν ὁμολογεῖσθαι, φησὶ Τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ ἀνθρώπου, τὴν θεότητα ἐντεῦθεν καλῶν, ὃ καὶ ἀλλαχοῦ πολλαχοῦ ποιεῖ. Φησὶ γὰρ, Οὐδεὶς ἀναβέβηκεν εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν, εἰ μὴ ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου, ὁ ὢν ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ· καὶ πάλιν, Ὅταν δὲ ἴδητε