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I have hated, and for your enemies I have wasted away? I have hated them with a perfect hatred; they became enemies to me. So also God promised to be an enemy to their enemies, and to oppose those who oppose them. For these are the greatest proofs of friendship. And he therefore repays God through both. For above he said, But to me your friends, O God, were greatly honored; and here, Those who hate you, I have hated; and there with hyperbole, and here with hyperbole. For he does not say only, I have hated, but also, I have wasted away. Prove me, O God, and know my heart. Test me, and know my paths, and see if there is a way of iniquity in me, and lead me in an everlasting way. And yet at the beginning he said: You have proved me, and have known me. You have known my sitting down, and my rising up. You have understood my thoughts from afar; my path and my line you have traced out. And all my ways you have foreseen. You have known all things, the last and the first. How then here again, as if not yet proved, does he say, Prove me? Do you see that he uses human words, not that we might remain in their lowliness, but that by collecting the God-befitting meaning from all of them we might ascend to lofty thoughts. For he asks to be proved and tested, not that He who before this knew all things, even before birth, might know his heart, but that we might know, we who learn from the outcome of events 55.419. For, Prove me, here means this. And see if there is a way of iniquity in me, and lead me in an everlasting way. And what is the everlasting way, but the spiritual one, which leads to heaven, and of which there is no end? Since all other things have become perishable, and are dissolved with the present life. Therefore, passing all things by, he seeks that one, the immortal, the boundless, which does not meet with an end. How then might one be led to it? By enjoying the inclination from God, and contributing what is from himself, pursuing virtue, having taken up philosophy, becoming higher than the things of this life. For the things from that way are not ephemeral, nor temporary. For such is virtue; it has its fruits blooming perpetually, and never withering, and its goods are immortal, and pure, and without end; may it be that we all attain them, by the grace and loving-kindness of our Lord Jesus Christ, to whom be glory and power, now and ever, and unto the ages of ages. Amen.

ON THE 139TH PSALM. Deliver me, O Lord, from an evil man; from an unjust man rescue me.

1. Where now are they who say: Why are there beasts? why scorpions? why snakes? For behold, a creature has been found displaying greater malice, not by its nature, but by its will: man. For this very reason the prophet, passing by all those, asks to be rescued from this. What then, tell me? since he is such, ought men not to have come into being? But it is of the utmost folly to say this; for there is nothing that harms a man, but sin alone; and with this removed, all things are easy, and simple, and calm; just as, therefore, with this present, all things are reefs, and storms, and shipwrecks. But let none of us condemn, if we have said that a man in malice is worse than a beast; for the one, even if it does not have gentleness in its nature, can still be easily deceived, and appears as it is; but man, practicing wickedness, and wearing many masks, is harder to guard against than a beast, often putting on a sheep's skin, and hiding the wolf within. Therefore many fall unguardedly among such men. Since, therefore, such beasts are hard to detect, the prophet turns to prayer, and the [help] from the

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ἐμίσησα, καὶ ἐπὶ τοῖς ἐχθροῖς σου ἐξετηκόμην; Τέλειον μῖσος ἐμίσουν αὐτούς· εἰς ἐχθροὺς ἐγένοντό μοι. Οὕτω καὶ ὁ Θεὸς ἐπηγγείλατο, ἐχθραίνειν τοῖς ἐχθροῖς, καὶ ἀντικεῖσθαι τοῖς ἀντικειμένοις αὐτοῖς. Ταῦτα γὰρ μάλιστα φιλίας τεκμήρια. Καὶ αὐτὸς τοίνυν ἀμείβεται τὸν Θεὸν δι' ἑκατέρων. Ἀνωτέρω μὲν γὰρ ἔφη, Ἐμοὶ δὲ λίαν ἐτιμήθησαν οἱ φίλοι σου, ὁ Θεός· ἐνταῦθα δὲ, Τοὺς μισοῦντάς σε ἐμίσησα· κἀκεῖ μεθ' ὑπερβολῆς, καὶ ἐνταῦθα μεθ' ὑπερβολῆς. Οὐ γὰρ, Ἐμίσησα, φησὶ μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ, Ἐξετηκόμην. ∆οκίμασόν με, ὁ Θεὸς, καὶ γνῶθι τὴν καρδίαν μου. Ἔτασόν με, καὶ γνῶθι τὰς τρίβους μου, καὶ ἴδε εἰ ὁδὸς ἀνομίας ἐν ἐμοὶ, καὶ ὁδήγησόν με ἐν ὁδῷ αἰωνίᾳ. Καίτοι γε ἀρχόμενος ἔλεγεν· Ἐδοκίμασάς με, καὶ ἔγνως με. Σὺ ἔγνως τὴν καθέδραν μου, καὶ τὴν ἔγερσίν μου. Σὺ συνῆκας τοὺς διαλογισμούς μου ἀπὸ μακρόθεν· τὴν τρίβον μου καὶ τὴν σχοῖνόν μου ἐξιχνίασας. Καὶ πάσας τὰς ὁδούς μου προεῖδες. Σὺ ἔγνως πάντα, τὰ ἔσχατα καὶ τὰ ἀρχαῖα. Πῶς οὖν ἐνταῦθα πάλιν, ὡς μήπω δοκιμασθεὶς, ∆οκίμασόν με, λέγει; Ὁρᾷς ὅτι ἀνθρωπίναις κέχρηται λέξεσιν, οὐχ ἵνα τῇ εὐτελείᾳ παραμένωμεν, ἀλλ' ἵνα διὰ πάντων συναγαγόντες τὴν θεοπρεπῆ ἔννοιαν εἰς ὑψηλὰ ἀναβῶμεν νοήματα. ∆οκιμασθῆναι γὰρ καὶ ἐτασθῆναι αἰτεῖ, οὐχ ἵνα γνῷ τὴν καρδίαν αὐτοῦ ὁ πρὸ τούτου εἰδὼς πάντα, καὶ πρὸ γενέσεως, ἀλλ' ἵνα γνῶμεν ἡμεῖς οἱ ἀπὸ τῆς ἐκβάσεως τῶν πραγμάτων 55.419 μανθάνοντες. Τὸ γὰρ, ∆οκίμασόν με, ἐνταῦθα τοῦτό ἐστι. Καὶ ἴδε εἰ ὁδὸς ἀνομίας ἐν ἐμοὶ, καὶ ὁδήγησόν με ἐν ὀδῷ αἰωνίᾳ. Ποία δέ ἐστιν αἰωνία ὁδὸς, ἀλλ' ἢ ἡ πνευματικὴ, καὶ πρὸς οὐρανὸν ἀνάγουσα, καὶ ἧς τὸ τέλος οὐκ ἔνι; Ὡς τά γε ἄλλα πάντα ἐπίκηρα γέγονε, καὶ τῷ παρόντι συγκαταλύεται βίῳ. ∆ιὸ δὴ πάντα παραδραμὼν ἐκείνην ζητεῖ, τὴν ἀθάνατον, τὴν ἀπέραντον, τὴν εἰς τέλος οὐκ ἀπαντῶσαν. Πῶς δ' ἄν τις ὁδηγηθείη πρὸς ἐκείνην; Τῆς παρὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ ῥοπῆς ἀπολαύων, καὶ τὰ παρ' ἑαυτοῦ συνεισφέρων, ἀρετὴν μετιὼν, φιλοσοφίας ἐπειλημμένος, ὑψηλότερος τῶν βιωτικῶν γινόμενος. Τὰ γὰρ ἐκ τῆς ὁδοῦ ἐκείνης οὐκ ἔστιν ἐφήμερα, οὐδὲ πρόσκαιρα. Τοιοῦτον γὰρ ἡ ἀρετή· διηνεκεῖς ἔχει τοὺς καρποὺς ἀνθοῦντας, καὶ μηδέποτε μαραινομένους, καὶ τὰ ἀγαθὰ ἀθάνατα, καὶ ἀκήρατα, καὶ ἀτελεύτητα· ὧν γένοιτο πάντας ἡμᾶς ἐπιτυχεῖν, χάριτι καὶ φιλανθρωπίᾳ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, ᾧ ἡ δόξα καὶ τὸ κράτος, νῦν καὶ ἀεὶ, καὶ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν.

ΕΙΣ ΤΟΝ ΡΛΘʹ ΨΑΛΜΟΝ. Ἐξελοῦ με, Κύριε, ἐξ ἀνθρώπου πονηροῦ· ἀπὸ ἀνδρὸς ἀδίκου ῥῦσαί με.

αʹ. Ποῦ νῦν εἰσιν οἱ λέγοντες· ∆ιὰ τί θηρία; διὰ τί σκορπίοι; διὰ τί ἔχεις; Ἰδοὺ γὰρ εὕρηται ζῶον πλείονα κακίαν ἐπιδεικνύμενον, οὐ παρὰ τὴν φύσιν, ἀλλὰ παρὰ τὴν γνώμην, ὁ ἄνθρωπος. ∆ιά τοι τοῦτο καὶ ὁ προφήτης παρεὶς πάντα ἐκεῖνα, ἀπὸ τούτου ἀξιοῖ ῥυσθῆναι. Τί οὖν, εἰπέ μοι; ἐπεὶ τοιοῦτος, οὐκ ἐχρῆν ἀνθρώπους γενέσθαι; Ἀλλ' ἐσχάτης ἀνοίας τοῦτο λέγειν· οὐδὲν γάρ ἐστι τὸ βλάπτον ἄνθρωπον, ἀλλ' ἢ ἡ ἁμαρτία μόνη· καὶ ταύτης ἀνῃρημένης, ἅπαντα ῥᾴδια, καὶ εὔκολα, καὶ γαληνά· ὥσπερ οὖν, ταύτης παρούσης, πάντα σκόπελοι, καὶ χειμῶνες, καὶ ναυάγια. Μηδεὶς δὲ ἡμῶν καταγινωσκέτω, εἰ θηρίου πονηρότερον ἄνθρωπον εἶναι τὸν ἐν κακίᾳ εἰρήκαμεν· τὸ μὲν γὰρ, εἰ καὶ μὴ ἐν τῇ φύσει τὸ πρᾶον ἔχει, ἀλλ' ἀπατηθῆναι δύναται ῥᾳδίως, καὶ ὅπερ ἐστὶ φαίνεται· ὁ δὲ ἄνθρωπος μελετῶν τὴν πονηρίαν, καὶ πολλὰ τὰ προσωπεῖα περικείμενος, δυσφυλακτότερόν ἐστι θηρίου, δορὰν προβάτου πολλάκις προβαλλόμενος, καὶ ἔνδον τὸν λύκον ἀποκρύπτων. ∆ιὸ καὶ ἀφυλάκτως πολλοὶ τοῖς τοιούτοις περιπίπτουσιν. Ἐπεὶ οὖν δυσφώρατα τὰ τοιαῦτα θηρία, ἐπ' εὐχὴν ὁ προφήτης τρέπεται, καὶ τὴν παρὰ τοῦ