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of that one; may it be granted to all of us to obtain it, by the grace and loving-kindness of our Lord Jesus Christ, to whom be the glory and the power for ever and ever. Amen. 58.539 HOMILY 55. Then Jesus said to his disciples; If any man will come after me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross, and follow me. 1. Then; when? When Peter said, Be it far from thee, this shall not be unto thee; and heard, Get thee behind me, Satan. For He was not content with the rebuke only, but also, wishing to show abundantly both the absurdity of what Peter had said, and the profit from the passion, He says: You say to me, Be it far from thee, this shall not 58.540 be unto thee; but I say to you, that not only is it harmful and destructive for you to hinder me and to be displeased at my passion, but that you will not even be able to be saved, unless you yourself are always prepared to die. For lest they should think the passion to be unworthy of him, not only through the former things, but also through the things that followed, he instructs them on the profit of the matter. So then in John he says: Unless a grain of wheat falls into the ground and dies, it remains alone; 58.541 but if it dies, it brings forth much fruit; but here, rehearsing it abundantly, he brings forward the argument concerning the necessity of dying not only with respect to himself, but also with respect to them. For so great is the profit of this matter, that in your case also, not to be willing to die is dreadful; but to be ready for this is good. But this he makes clear through what follows, but for the present he rehearses it from one part. And see how he makes his word unconstrained. For he did not say, Whether you will or whether you will not, you must suffer this; but how? If any man will come after me. I do not compel, I do not force, but I make each one master of his own choice; therefore I also say, If any man will. For I call you to good things, not to evil and burdensome things, not to punishment and penalty, that I should also use compulsion. For the very nature of the thing is sufficient to attract. And by saying these things he attracted them the more. For he who compels often turns one away; but he who leaves the hearer to be master, rather draws him on. For persuasion is more powerful than force. Therefore He himself also said: If any man will. For the good things which I give you, He says, are great, and such that you should even run to them willingly. For not even if someone offered gold, and set forth a treasure, would he have called with force. But if for those things not with force, much more so for the good things in the heavens. For if the nature of the thing does not persuade you to run, you are not worthy even to receive, nor, if you do receive, will you know well what has been received. For this reason Christ does not compel, but exhorts, sparing us. For since they seemed to be murmuring many things, being privately troubled at what was said, he says: There is no need for disturbance and confusion. If you do not think that what has been said, happening also in your case, is the cause of ten thousand good things, I do not compel, nor do I force, but if any man will follow, him I call. For do not suppose this to be following, what you are now doing in following me. You need many labors, many dangers, if you are to come after me. For indeed, O Peter, because you confessed me to be the Son of God, you ought not on this account alone to expect crowns, and to think this sufficient for your salvation, and henceforth to enjoy security, as having accomplished the whole task. For I am able, being the Son of God, not even to allow you to experience terrible things; but I do not wish it for your sake, so that you yourself may also contribute something, and become more approved. For not even if one were a judge of the games, and had a beloved athlete, would he wish to crown him by grace alone, but also from his own labors; and for this reason especially, because he loves him. So also Christ; those whom he loves most, these he most wishes to be well-approved from their own efforts, not from his help alone. But see how he also makes the word inoffensive. For he does not confine the terrible things to them alone, but also sets forth the doctrine as common to the whole world, saying: If any man will; whether woman, or man, or ruler, or subject, let him come this way. And he seems indeed to have said one thing, but there are three things that are said:

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ἐκείνης· ἧς γένοιτο πάντας ἡμᾶς ἐπιτυχεῖν, χάριτι καὶ φιλανθρωπίᾳ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, ᾧ ἡ δόξα καὶ τὸ κράτος εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν. 58.539 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΝΕʹ. Τότε ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἶπε τοῖς μαθηταῖς αὐτοῦ· Εἴ τις θέ λει ὀπίσω μου ἐλθεῖν, ἀπαρνησάσθω ἑαυτὸν, καὶ ἀράτω τὸν σταυρὸν αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἀκολουθείτω μοι. αʹ. Τότε· πότε; Ὅτε ὁ Πέτρος εἶπεν, Ἵλεώς σοι, οὐ μὴ ἔσται σοι τοῦτο· καὶ ἤκουσεν, Ὕπαγε ὀπίσω μου, Σατανᾶ. Οὐδὲ γὰρ ἠρκέσθη τῇ ἐπιτιμήσει μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐκ περιουσίας βουλόμενος δεῖξαι τήν τε τῶν παρὰ τοῦ Πέτρου εἰρημένων ἀτοπίαν, καὶ τὸ κέρδος τὸ ἀπὸ τοῦ πάθους, φησί· Σύ μοι λέγεις, Ἵλεώς σοι, οὐ μὴ 58.540 ἔσται σοι τοῦτο· ἐγὼ δέ σοι λέγω, ὅτι οὐ μόνον τὸ ἐμὲ κωλῦσαι καὶ τῷ ἐμῷ πάθει δυσχεραίνειν, ἐπιβλαβές σοι καὶ ὀλέθριον, ἀλλ' ὅτι οὐδὲ σωθῆναι δυνήσῃ, ἐὰν μὴ καὶ αὐτὸς εἰς τὸ ἀποθανεῖν ᾖς παρεσκευασμένος διαπαντός. Ἵνα γὰρ μὴ ἀνάξιον αὐτοῦ τὸ παθεῖν εἶναι νομίσωσιν, οὐ διὰ τῶν προτέρων μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ διὰ τῶν ἐπαγομένων αὐτοὺς παιδεύει τοῦ πράγματος τὸ κέρδος. Ἐν μὲν οὖν τῷ Ἰωάννῃ φησίν· Ἐὰν πεσὼν ὁ κόκκος τοῦ σίτου εἰς τὴν γῆν μὴ ἀποθάνῃ, αὐτὸς μόνος μένει· 58.541 ἐὰν δὲ ἀποθάνῃ, πολὺν καρπὸν φέρει· ἐνταῦθα δὲ ἐκ περιουσίας αὐτὸ γυμνάζων, οὐκ ἐφ' ἑαυτοῦ προάγει τὸν λόγον μόνον τὸν περὶ τοῦ δεῖν ἀποθνήσκειν, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐπ' ἐκείνων. Τοσοῦτον γὰρ τοῦ πράγματος τούτου τὸ κέρδος, ὅτι καὶ ἐφ' ὑμῶν τὸ μὲν μὴ θέλειν ἀποθανεῖν, δεινόν· τὸ δὲ ἕτοιμον εἶναι πρὸς τοῦτο, ἀγαθόν. Ἀλλὰ τοῦτο μὲν διὰ τῶν ἑξῆς δηλοῖ, τέως δὲ ἐξ ἑνὸς αὐτὸ γυμνάζει μέρους. Καὶ ὅρα πῶς καὶ ἀκατανάγκαστον ποιεῖ τὸν λόγον. Οὐδὲ γὰρ εἶπεν, ὅτι Κἂν βούλησθε, κἂν μὴ βούλησθε, δεῖ τοῦτο ὑμᾶς παθεῖν· ἀλλὰ πῶς; Εἴ τις θέλει ὀπίσω μου ἐλθεῖν. Οὐ βιάζομαι, οὐκ ἀναγκάζω, ἀλλ' ἕκαστον κύριον τῆς ἑαυτοῦ προαιρέσεως ποιῶ· διὸ καὶ λέγω, Εἴ τις θέλει. Ἐπὶ γὰρ ἀγαθὰ καλῶ, οὐχὶ ἐπὶ κακὰ καὶ ἐπαχθῆ, οὐκ ἐπὶ κόλασιν καὶ τιμωρίαν, ἵνα καὶ ἀναγκάσω. Καὶ γὰρ αὐτὴ τοῦ πράγματος ἡ φύσις ἱκανὴ ἐφελκύσασθαι. Ταῦτα δὲ λέγων ἐπεσπᾶτο μειζόνως. Ὁ μὲν γὰρ βιαζόμενος ἀποτρέπει πολλάκις· ὁ δὲ ἀφεὶς κύριον τὸν ἀκροατὴν εἶναι, μᾶλλον ἐφέλκεται. Βίας γὰρ δυνατώτερον θεραπεία. ∆ιὸ καὶ αὐτὸς ἔλεγεν· Εἴ τις θέλει. Μεγάλα γάρ ἐστι, φησὶν, ἃ δίδωμι ὑμῖν ἀγαθὰ, καὶ τοιαῦτα, ὡς καὶ ἐπιτρέχειν ἑκόντας. Οὐδὲ γὰρ εἴ τις χρυσίον παρεῖχε, καὶ θησαυρὸν προετίθει, μετὰ βίας ἐκάλεσεν ἄν. Εἰ δὲ εἰς ἐκεῖνα οὐ μετὰ βίας, πολλῷ μᾶλλον ἐπὶ τὰ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς ἀγαθά. Εἰ γὰρ μὴ ἡ τοῦ πράγματος φύσις πείθει σε δραμεῖν, οὐδὲ λαβεῖν ἄξιος εἶ, οὐδ' ἂν λάβῃς, εἴσῃ καλῶς τὸ ληφθέν. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο οὐκ ἀναγκάζει ὁ Χριστὸς, ἀλλὰ προτρέπει, φειδόμενος ἡμῶν. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἐδόκουν πολλὰ διαθρυλλεῖν, ἰδίᾳ θορυβούμενοι πρὸς τὸ εἰρημένον, φησίν· Οὐ χρεία θορύβου καὶ ταραχῆς. Εἰ μὴ νομίζετε μυρίων ἀγαθῶν αἴτιον εἶναι τὸ εἰρημένον, καὶ ἐφ' ὑμῶν συμβαῖνον, οὐ βιάζομαι, οὐδὲ ἀναγκάζω, ἀλλ' εἴ τις θέλει ἀκολουθεῖν, τοῦτον καλῶ. Μὴ γὰρ δὴ τοῦτο νομίζετε εἶναι τὴν ἀκολούθησιν, ὃ ποιεῖτε νῦν ἑπόμενοί μοι. Πολλῶν ὑμῖν δεῖ πόνων, πολλῶν κινδύνων, εἰ μέλλοιτε ὀπίσω μου ἰέναι. Οὐ γὰρ δὴ, ὦ Πέτρε, ἐπειδὴ Υἱόν με ὡμολόγησας Θεοῦ, διὰ τοῦτο μόνον προσδοκᾷν ὀφείλεις στεφάνους, καὶ νομίζειν ἀρκεῖν εἰς σωτηρίαν σοι τοῦτο, καὶ ἀδείας λοιπὸν ἀπολαύειν, ὡς τὸ πᾶν ἐργασάμενος. ∆ύναμαι μὲν γὰρ, ἅτε Υἱὸς ὢν Θεοῦ, μηδὲ ἀφεῖναί σε πεῖραν τῶν δεινῶν λαβεῖν· οὐ βούλομαι δὲ διὰ σὲ, ἵνα καὶ αὐτός τι συνεισενέγκῃς, καὶ δοκιμώτερος γένῃ. Οὐδὲ γὰρ εἴ τις ἀγωνοθέτης εἴη, καὶ φίλον ἀθλητὴν ἔχοι, βουληθείη ἂν χάριτι αὐτὸν στεφανῶσαι μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν οἰκείων πόνων· καὶ διὰ τοῦτο μάλιστα, ἐπειδὴ αὐτὸν φιλεῖ. Οὕτω καὶ ὁ Χριστός· οὓς μάλιστα φιλεῖ, τούτους μάλιστα βούλεται καὶ οἴκοθεν εὐδοκιμεῖν, οὐκ ἀπὸ τῆς αὐτοῦ βοηθείας μόνης. Ὅρα δὲ πῶς καὶ ἀνεπαχθῆ ποιεῖ τὸν λόγον. Οὐδὲ γὰρ εἰς αὐτοὺς περιίστησι μόνους τὰ δεινὰ, ἀλλὰ καὶ κοινὸν τὸ δόγμα τῇ οἰκουμένῃ προτίθησι λέγων· Εἴ τις θέλει· κἂν γυνὴ, κἂν ἀνὴρ, κἂν ἄρχων, κἂν ἀρχόμενος, ταύτην ἐρχέσθω τὴν ὁδόν. Καὶ δοκεῖ μὲν ἕν τι εἰρηκέναι, τρία δέ ἐστι τὰ λεγόμενα·