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Nor, again, is the one person of Christ cut into a dyad of persons by being circumscribed, as it seems to some, because the nature of an icon and its archetype cannot be cut hypostatically, but possesses its difference by the principle of its substance. For the all-wise Dionysius says: each is in the other except for the difference of substance. Since also in the case of the life-giving cross, no one would say that the cross-shaped icon is anything other than its archetype, differing only in its natural principle; and the example is close at hand and the truth is indisputable. This, then, is the first manner of what has been said. What is the second? The voices of the saints, which declare not syllogistically, but plainly, that our Lord Jesus Christ is to be depicted; which, if we wished to include them all here, we would exceed the proper measure of this address. But having selected two or three from among many, and these being the more important, from these we will also confirm the rest, fulfilling here too what is written, "by the mouth of two or three witnesses every word shall be established." The voice of Peter, the chief of the apostles, recorded in the history of the hieromartyr Pancratius: "Bring forth the icon of our Lord Jesus Christ and set it up in the small tower, so that the people may see what form the Son of God took, so that by seeing they may believe the more, beholding the type of His form, and may receive a reminder of the things preached to them by us." How awesome is this saying, as if almost shouting, "4Bring forth the icon of Him who with His virtue covered the heavens, and set it up as it were in a high place for a manifest testimony"5. "4so that the people may see what form the Son of God took"5; not of an angel nor of an archangel nor of any other power, but the form of a servant, which is ours. "4so that by seeing they may believe the more"5; as the account through word is not sufficient, but it also needs the effect through sight for greater confirmation that the Son of God became the Son of Man. "4and may receive a reminder of the things preached to them by us"5; which is similar to saying, "4This shall be for you a memorial for generations of generations"5. And the history indicates that the other apostles also did the same in cities and villages, depicting the entire history of the incarnation of our Lord Jesus Christ from the beginning, when the angel cried "4Hail"5 to the Virgin, until He was taken up; which images, it says, they also exhorted should be honored with fear. Do you see, O most God-loving ones, that together with the setting up of the holy icons, it was also handed down from the beginning by the apostles that they should be venerated with fear? For it is confessed that "to be honored" is clearly equivalent to "to be venerated." The voice of Athanasius the much-contending, from the address in Berytus: Lift up the eyes of your mind and see this new spectacle; and after other things: Then the Jews, having brought down the icon of our Lord Jesus Christ, said that "4Just as our fathers once spat upon Him, so let us also spit upon Him"5. Then they began to spit in the face of the icon of the Lord and they struck it on the face, from here and there, those who had gathered, that is, the icon of the Lord, saying: "4Whatever our fathers did to Him, let us do all of it to His icon. And they say that they mocked Him; let us also do the same"5. Therefore, with countless mockings they mocked the icon of the Lord, things which we do not even dare to say. Then they say, "4We have heard that they nailed His hands and feet; let us also do this to Him"5. Then they fixed the hands and the feet of the Lord's icon with nails. Again they say, raging, "4We have heard that they gave Him vinegar and gall to drink with a sponge; let us do this to Him as well"5. And they did it, placing to the mouth of the Lord's icon the sponge filled with vinegar. Again they say: "4We have learned that our fathers struck His head with a reed; let us do the same"5. And, having taken

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οὐδ' αὖ ἐν τῷ περιγεγράφθαι εἰς δυάδα προσώπων τὸ ἓν Χριστοῦ πρόσωπον, ὡς δοκεῖ τισι, διατέμνεται, ὅτι μηδὲ φύσις εἰκόνος τε καὶ πρωτοτύπου ὑποστατικῶς οἶδε τέμνεσθαι, ἀλλὰ τῷ τῆς οὐσίας λόγῳ τὴν διαφορὰν κέκτηται. φησὶ γὰρ ὁ πάνσοφος ∆ιονύσιος· ἑκάτερον ἐν ἑκατέρῳ παρὰ τὸ τῆς οὐσίας διάφορον. ἐπεὶ καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ ζωοποιοῦ σταυροῦ οὐκ ἄν τις εἴποι τὴν σταυροειδῆ εἰκόνα ἄλλο τι παρὰ τὸ ταύτης πρωτότυπον ἢ μόνον τῷ φυσικῷ λόγῳ διαφορουμένην· καὶ τὸ παράδειγμα ἐγγύθεν καὶ ἡ ἀλήθεια ἀναμφίλεκτος. Οὗτος οὖν ὁ πρῶτος τρόπος τῶν εἰρημένων. τίς ὁ δεύτερος; αἱ τῶν ἁγίων φωναί, οὐ συλλογιστικῶς, ἀλλὰ γυμνῶς ἐξεικονίζεσθαι τὸν Κύριον ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦν Χριστὸν διαγορεύουσαι· ἅς, εἰ πάσας ἐνταῦθα βουληθείημεν ἐντάξαι, ἐκβησόμεθα τοῦ μετρίου τῆς προσφωνήσεως. ἐκ πολλῶν δὲ δύο ἢ τρεῖς, καὶ ταύτας προυργιαιτέρας, ἀναλεξάμενοι, ἐκ τῶνδε καὶ τὰς λοιπὰς πιστωσόμεθα, πληρουμένου κἀνταῦθα τοῦ γεγραμμένου, ἐπὶ στόματος δύο ἢ τριῶν μαρτύρων σταθήσεται πᾶν ῥῆμα. φωνὴ τοῦ κορυφαίου τῶν ἀποστόλων Πέτρου, ἐν ἱστορίᾳ τοῦ ἱερομάρτυρος Παγκρατίου ὑπομνηματιζομένη· ἐξένεγκον τὴν εἰκόνα τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ καὶ ἐντύπωσον αὐτὴν ἐν τῷ πυργίσκῳ, ἵνα ἴδωσιν οἱ λαοὶ ποίαν μορφὴν ἔλαβεν ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ, ἵνα ἰδόντες ἐπὶ πλεῖον πιστεύσωσιν, ὁρῶντες τὸν τύπον τῆς μορφῆς, καὶ ὑπόμνησιν λαμβάνωσι τῶν παρ' ἡμῶν εἰς αὐτοὺς κηρυχθέντων. ὡς φοβερὸς ὁ λόγος οὗτος, μονονουχὶ καὶ ἐπιβοῶντος, "4ἐξένεγκον τὴν εἰκόνα τοῦ τῇ ἀρετῇ τοὺς οὐρανοὺς καλύψαντος καὶ ἐντύπωσον οἱονεὶ ἐν τῷ μετεώρῳ εἰς μαρτύριον ἐμφανές"5. "4ἵνα ἴδωσιν οἱ λαοὶ ποίαν μορφὴν ἔλαβεν ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ"5· οὐκ ἀγγέλου οὐδ' ἀρχαγγέλου οὐδέ τινος ἄλλης δυνάμεως, ἀλλὰ τὴν καθ' ἡμᾶς δουλικὴν μορφήν. "4ἵνα ἰδόντες ἐπὶ πλεῖον πιστεύσωσιν"5· ὡς οὐκ ἀρκούσης τῆς διὰ λόγου ἱστορίας, ἀλλὰ δεομένης καὶ τῆς δι' ὄψεως ἐνεργείας εἰς πλείονα πίστωσιν ὅτι ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ υἱὸς ἀνθρώπου γέγονε. "4καὶ ὑπόμνησιν λαμβάνωσι τῶν παρ' ἡμῶν εἰς αὐτοὺς κηρυχθέντων"5· ὅμοιον τοῦ εἰπεῖν "4τοῦτο ὑμῖν μνημόσυνον εἰς γενεὰς γενεῶν"5. ἐπισημαίνει δὲ ἡ ἱστορία ὅτι καὶ οἱ λοιποὶ ἀπόστολοι τὸ αὐτὸ ἐποίουν ἔν τε πόλεσι καὶ κώμαις, ἅπασαν ἱστορίαν τῆς ἐνανθρωπήσεως τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ διακοσμοῦντες ἀπ' ἀρχῆς, ὅτε ὁ ἄγγελος τὸ "4χαῖρε"5 κέκραγε τῇ παρθένῳ, μέχρις ὅτου καὶ ἀνελήφθη· ἅς, φησί, καὶ φόβῳ παρῄνουν τιμᾶσθαι. Ὁρᾶτε, ὦ φιλοθεώτατοι, ὅτι ὁμοῦ τῇ ἀναστηλώσει τῶν ἱερῶν εἰκόνων καὶ τὸ προσκυνεῖσθαι αὐτὰς φόβῳ ὑπὸ τῶν ἀποστόλων ἀπ' ἀρχῆς παραδέδοται; τὸ γάρ τοι τιμᾶσθαι ἰσόρροπον δῆλον ὅτι τοῦ προσκυνεῖσθαι ὡμολόγηται. φωνὴ Ἀθανασίου τοῦ πολυάθλου ἐκ τῆς ἐν Βηρυτῷ προσφωνήσεως· ἄρατε τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς τῆς διανοίας ὑμῶν καὶ ἴδετε τὸ καινὸν θέαμα τοῦτο· καὶ μεθ' ἕτερα· τότε τὴν εἰκόνα τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι κατενέγκαντες ἔφησαν ὅτι"4καθὼς οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν ἐνέπτυσαν αὐτῷ ποτε, οὕτως καὶ ἡμεῖς ἐμπτύσωμεν αὐτῷ"5. τότε ἤρξαντο ἐμπτύειν εἰς τὸ πρόσωπον τῆς εἰκόνος τοῦ Κυρίου καὶ ἐρράπισαν αὐτὴν κατὰ πρόσωπον τῶν συνελθόντων ἔνθεν κἀκεῖθεν, ἤγουν τὴν εἰκόνα τοῦ Κυρίου, λέγοντες· "4ὅσα ἐποίησαν αὐτῷ οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν, πάντα ποιήσωμεν τῇ εἰκόνι αὐτοῦ. καὶ λέγουσιν ὅτι ἐνέπαιξαν αὐτῷ· καὶ ἡμεῖς τὸ αὐτὸ ποιήσωμεν"5. ἐμπαιγμοῖς οὖν ἀπείροις ἐνέπαιξαν τὴν εἰκόνα τοῦ Κυρίου, ἅπερ οὐδὲ λέγειν ἡμῖν τετόλμηται. εἶτα λέγουσιν, "4ἠκούσαμεν ὅτι ἥλωσαν αὐτοῦ τὰς χεῖρας καὶ τοὺς πόδας· τοῦτο καὶ ἡμεῖς ποιήσωμεν αὐτῷ"5. τότε τὰς χεῖρας καὶ τοὺς πόδας τῆς τοῦ Κυρίου εἰκόνος ἔπηξαν τοῖς ἥλοις. πάλιν λέγουσι μεμηνότες, "4ἠκούσαμεν ὅτι ὄξος καὶ χολὴν ἐπότισαν αὐτὸν μετὰ σπόγγου· ποιήσωμεν αὐτῷ καὶ ἡμεῖς"5. καὶ ἐποίη σαν, προσθέντες τῷ στόματι τῆς εἰκόνος τοῦ Κυρίου τὸν σπόγγον τοῦ ὄξους πεπληρωμένον. πάλιν λέγουσι· "4μεμαθήκαμεν ὅτι καλάμῳ ἔτυψαν τὴν κεφαλὴν αὐτοῦ οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν· τὸ αὐτὸ καὶ ἡμεῖς ποιήσωμεν"5. καί, λαβόντες