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to accuse them as worthless and wicked, stopping their mouths, and those of all who wished to accuse, and showing that they had risen up against their own king, as on some trophy, so he placed the letters, sending forth a clear voice, and declaring the victory, and proclaiming the kingdom, even if not entirely; and this he made clear not in one language, but in three voices. For since it was likely that there were many foreigners among the Jews on account of the feast, so that no one might be ignorant of the defense, with all the languages he pilloried the madness of the Jews. For they maligned him even while he was crucified. And yet how did this 59.461 harm you? Not at all. For if he was mortal and weak and was about to be extinguished, why do you fear the letters that say that he is King of the Jews? And what do they say? Say, that he himself said it. For now it is a decision and a common vote; but if it is added that, He said it, the crime is shown to be of his own presumption and arrogance. But Pilate was not turned aside, but stood by his former opinion. And no small thing is accomplished by this, but everything. For since the wood of the cross was buried, as no one was eager to take it up, because fear lay upon them, and the believers were hastening to other pressing matters, and it was to be sought for in later times, and it was likely that the three crosses lay together; so that the Lord's might not be unrecognized, first from its lying in the middle, and then also from the title it was made clear to all; for the robbers' crosses did not have titles. But the soldiers divided his garments, but not the tunic. See everywhere how the prophecies were fulfilled through the things they wickedly did. For this too had been foretold from above. And yet there were three being crucified; but the prophecies were fulfilled in him. For why did they not do this for the others, but for this one alone? But you, consider the accuracy of prophecy. For the prophet spoke not only of what they divided, but also of what they did not divide. So they divided the garments, but the tunic they did not divide, but they entrusted the matter to a lot. And the phrase, Woven from the top, is not added simply; but some say that an allegory is declared by it, that the one crucified was not simply a man, but also had divinity from above. B. Others say the evangelist is describing the type of tunic. For since in Palestine they weave garments by joining two pieces of cloth, John, showing that the tunic was of this kind, says, Woven from the top. But he seems to me to say this, hinting at the cheapness of the garments, and that just as in all other things, so also in his attire he pursued a simple style. And so the soldiers did these things; but he, while being crucified, entrusts his mother to the disciple, teaching us to take all care for our parents until our last breath. When, then, she troubled him unseasonably, he says: What have I to do with you, woman? and, Who is my mother? but here he shows great affection, and entrusts her to the disciple whom he loved. Again John hides himself out of modesty; for if he had wished to boast, he would have included the reason why he was loved; for it was likely that it was something great and wonderful. But for what reason does he say nothing else to John, nor comfort him in his dejection? Because it was not a time for the consolation of words. And besides, it was no small thing for him to be honored with such an honor, and to receive the reward for his steadfastness. But you, consider how even while crucified he did all things without disturbance, conversing with the disciple about his mother, fulfilling prophecies, offering good hopes to the robber. And yet before he was crucified he is seen sweating, in agony, in fear. What then is this? Nothing is difficult, nothing is unclear. For there the weakness of his nature was shown; but here the abundance of his power was shown. And besides, he teaches us by both of these, even if we are troubled before the dreadful things, not to shrink from the dreadful things on this account; but whenever we enter into the contest, all things are very easy

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κατηγορεῖν ὡς φαύλου τινὸς καὶ πονηροῦ, ἐμφράττων αὐτῶν τὰ στόματα, καὶ πάντων τῶν κατηγορεῖν βουλομένων, καὶ δεικνὺς ὅτι τῷ οἰκείῳ βασιλεῖ ἐπανέστησαν, ὥσπερ ἐπὶ τροπαίου τινὸς, οὕτω τὰ γράμματα ἔθηκεν, λαμπρὰν ἀφιέντα φωνὴν, καὶ τὴν νίκην δηλοῦντα, καὶ τὴν βασιλείαν ἀνακηρύττοντα, εἰ καὶ μὴ ὁλόκληρον· καὶ τοῦτο οὐ μιᾷ γλώττῃ, ἀλλὰ τρισὶ φωναῖς δῆλον ἐποίησεν. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ πολλοὺς εἶναι εἰκὸς μιγάδας ἐν τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις διὰ τὴν ἑορτὴν, ὥστε μηδένα ἀγνοεῖν τὴν ἀπολογίαν, ταῖς φωναῖς ἁπάσαις τῶν Ἰουδαίων τὴν μανίαν ἐστηλίτευσε. Καὶ γὰρ καὶ ἐσταυρωμένῳ ἐβάσκαινον. Καίτοι τί τοῦτο 59.461 ὑμᾶς ἔβλαπτεν; Οὐδέν. Εἰ γὰρ θνητὸς ἦν καὶ ἀσθενὴς καὶ σβέννυσθαι ἔμελλε, τί δεδοίκατε τὰ γράμματα λέγοντα, ὅτι βασιλεύς ἐστι τῶν Ἰουδαίων; Καὶ τί φασιν; Εἶπε, ὅτι αὐτὸς εἶπεν. Νῦν μὲν γὰρ ἀπόφασίς ἐστι καὶ κοινὴ ψῆφος· ἂν δὲ προστεθῇ, ὅτι Ἐκεῖνος εἶπε, τῆς αὐτοῦ προπετείας καὶ ἀλαζονείας δείκνυται τὸ ἔγκλημα ὄν. Ἀλλ' οὐχ ὁ Πιλᾶτος παρετράπη, ἀλλ' ἐπὶ τῆς προτέρας ἔστη γνώμης. Οὐ μικρὸν δὲ καὶ ἐντεῦθεν οἰκονομεῖται, ἀλλὰ τὸ πᾶν. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ κατεχώσθη τοῦ σταυροῦ τὸ ξύλον, ὡς οὐδενὸς αὐτὸν ἀνελέσθαι σπουδάζοντος, τῷ καὶ φόβον ἐπικεῖσθαι, καὶ πρὸς ἕτερα κατεπείγοντα τοὺς πιστεύοντας σπεύδειν, ἔμελλε δὲ χρόνοις ὕστερον ἐπιζητεῖσθαι, εἰκὸς δὲ τοὺς τρεῖς ὁμοῦ κεῖσθαι σταυρούς· ἵνα μὴ ἀγνοῆται ὁ τοῦ ∆εσπότου, πρῶτον μὲν ἀπὸ τοῦ μέσον αὐτὸν κεῖσθαι, ἔπειτα δὲ καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ τίτλου δῆλος πᾶσιν ἐγένετο· οἱ γὰρ τῶν λῃστῶν, τίτλους οὐκ εἶχον. Οἱ δὲ στρατιῶται διενείμαντο τὰ ἱμάτια, τὸν δὲ χιτῶνα οὐκ ἔτι. Ὅρα πανταχοῦ δι' ὧν ἐπονηρεύοντο τὰς προφητείας πληρουμένας. Καὶ γὰρ καὶ τοῦτο ἄνωθεν προείρητο. Καίτοι γε τρεῖς ἦσαν σταυρούμενοι· ἀλλὰ τὰ τῶν προφητειῶν ἐπ' αὐτοῦ ἐπληροῦτο. ∆ιατί γὰρ μὴ ἐπὶ τῶν ἄλλων τοῦτο ἐποίησαν, ἀλλ' ἐπὶ τούτου μόνου; Σὺ δέ μοι σκόπει προφητείας ἀκρίβειαν. Οὐ γὰρ ὅ τι ἐμερίσαντο μόνον, ἀλλ' ὅ τι καὶ οὐκ ἐμερίσαντο εἶπεν ὁ προφήτης. Τὰ μὲν οὖν διενείμαντο, τὸν δὲ χιτῶνα οὐ διενείμαντο, ἀλλὰ κλήρῳ τὸ πρᾶγμα ἐπέτρεψαν. Τὸ δὲ, Ἐκ τῶν ἄνωθεν ὑφαντὸς, οὐχ ἁπλῶς πρόσκειται· ἀλλ' οἱ μέν φασιν, ἀλληγορίαν δι' αὐτοῦ δηλοῦσθαι, ὅτι οὐχ ἁπλῶς ἄνθρωπος ἦν ὁ σταυρούμενος, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἄνωθεν τὴν θεότητα εἶχε. βʹ. Τινὲς δὲ αὐτὸ τὸ εἶδος τοῦ χιτωνίσκου φασὶ τὸν εὐαγγελιστὴν ἱστορεῖν. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἐν Παλαιστίνῃ δύο ῥάκη συμβάλλοντες, οὕτως ὑφαίνουσι τὰ ἱμάτια, δηλῶν ὁ Ἰωάννης, ὅτι τοιοῦτος ἦν ὁ χιτωνίσκος, φησὶν, Ἐκ τῶν ἄνωθεν ὑφαντός. Τοῦτο δὲ ἐμοὶ δοκεῖ λέγειν, αἰνιττόμενος τὸ εὐτελὲς τῶν ἱματίων, καὶ ὅτι καθάπερ ἐν τοῖς ἄλλοις ἅπασιν, οὕτω καὶ ἐν τῇ στολῇ τὸ λιτὸν ἐδίωκε σχῆμα. Καὶ οἱ μὲν στρατιῶται ταῦτα ἐποίουν· αὐτὸς δὲ σταυρούμενος παρατίθεται τὴν μητέρα αὐτοῦ τῷ μαθητῇ, παιδεύων ἡμᾶς μέχρις ἐσχάτης ἀναπνοῆς πᾶσαν ποιεῖσθαι ἐπιμέλειαν τῶν γεγεννηκότων. Ὅτε μὲν οὖν ἀκαίρως ἠνόχλησε, λέγει· Τί ἐμοὶ καὶ σοὶ, γύναι; καὶ, Τίς ἐστιν ἡ μήτηρ μου; ἐνταῦθα δὲ πολλὴν τὴν φιλοστοργίαν ἐπιδείκνυται, καὶ παρατίθεται αὐτὴν τῷ μαθητῇ ὃν ἠγάπα. Πάλιν ἑαυτὸν κρύπτει ὁ Ἰωάννης μετριάζων· εἰ γὰρ ἐβούλετο κομπάζειν, καὶ τὴν αἰτίαν ἂν ἐνέθηκε, δι' ἢν ἠγαπᾶτο· καὶ γὰρ εἰκὸς ἦν μεγάλην τινὰ εἶναι καὶ θαυμαστήν. Τίνος δὲ ἕνεκεν οὐδὲν ἕτερον τῷ Ἰωάννῃ διαλέγεται, οὐδὲ παραμυθεῖται αὐτὸν κατηφοῦντα; Ὅτι καιρὸς οὐκ ἦν τῆς τῶν ῥημάτων παρακλήσεως. Καὶ ἄλλως δὲ, οὐ μικρὸν ἦν τὸ τιμηθῆναι αὐτὸν τιμῇ τοιαύτῃ, καὶ τῆς παραμονῆς λαβεῖν τὸν μισθόν. Σὺ δέ μοι σκόπει πῶς καὶ ἐσταυρωμένος ἅπαντα ἀταράχως ἔπραττε, τῷ μαθητῇ διαλεγόμενος περὶ τῆς μητρὸς, προφητείας πληρῶν, τῷ λῃστῇ χρηστὰς ὑποτείνων ἐλπίδας. Καίτοι γε πρὶν ἢ σταυρωθῆναι φαίνεται ἱδρῶν, ἀγωνιῶν, δεδοικώς. Τί ποτε οὖν τοῦτό ἐστιν; Οὐδὲν ἄπορον, οὐδὲν ἀσαφές. Ἐκεῖ μὲν γὰρ ἡ τῆς φύσεως ἀσθένεια ἐδείχθη· ἐνταῦθα δὲ ἡ τῆς δυνάμεως περιουσία ἐδείκνυτο. Ἄλλως δὲ, καὶ ἡμᾶς δι' ἀμφοτέρων παιδεύει τούτων, κἂν πρὸ τῶν δεινῶν θορυβώμεθα, μὴ διὰ τοῦτο ἀφίστασθαι τῶν δεινῶν· ἐπειδὰν δὲ εἰς τὸν ἀγῶνα ἐμβῶμεν, πάντα ῥᾷστα