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bonds of usury, thus calling the contracts of loans. Set the broken at liberty; those who have suffered hardship. For such is the debtor; when he sees the creditor, his mind is broken, and he fears him more than a wild beast. Bring the homeless poor into your house; if you see the naked, clothe him, and from the kin of your own seed you will not hide yourself. In our former 58.556 discourse, then, recounting the prizes, we showed the wealth that comes from these things; but now let us see if any of the commands is difficult, and surpasses our nature. But we shall find nothing of the sort, but quite the contrary, that these things have much ease, but those of wickedness much toil. For what is more difficult than to lend, and to be anxious about interest and contracts, and to demand securities, and to be afraid and tremble for the pledges, for the principal, for the bonds, for the interest, for the guarantors? For such are the things of this life. For this supposed and devised security is more rotten and suspect than anything; but to show mercy is easy, and it frees from all care. Therefore, let us not make a business of others’ misfortunes, nor make a trade of philanthropy. And I know, indeed, that many listen to these words with displeasure; but what is the gain of silence? For even if I am silent, and do not trouble you with words, it is impossible through this silence to deliver you from punishment, but quite the contrary happens from this; the torments are intensified, and such silence brings punishment not only on you, but also on me. What then is the charm of words, when they do not help in deeds, but even harm? What is the gain, to please with a word, and to grieve with a deed? To delight the hearing, and to punish the soul? Therefore it is necessary to cause grief here, so that we may not pay the penalty there. For a terrible thing, beloved, a terrible disease requiring much treatment has fallen upon the Church. For those who are commanded not even to lay up treasure from just labors, but to open their houses to the needy, they make a profit from the poverty of others, contriving a plausible robbery, a specious greed. For do not tell me of the laws of the outside world; since the tax-collector also fulfills the external law, but nevertheless is punished. Which we also shall suffer, if we do not cease from oppressing the poor, and from using their need and necessity as a pretext for shameless trafficking. For this is why you have money, that you may relieve poverty, not that you may make a business of poverty; but you, under the pretense of consolation, work a greater misfortune, and sell philanthropy for money. Sell it, I do not forbid, but for the kingdom of heaven. Do not take a small price for so great a right action, a one-percent interest, but that immortal life. Why are you poor, and a pauper, and petty, selling great things for little, for perishing money, when you ought to sell it for the ever-abiding kingdom? Why, having left God, do you gain human profits? Why, passing by the rich one, do you trouble the one who has not, and leaving the one who repays, do you deal with the ungrateful one? That one desires to repay; but this one even resents repaying. This one barely gives back one percent; but that one a hundredfold, and eternal life. This one with insults and reproaches; that one with praise and acclamation. This one raises up envy against you; but that one even weaves crowns for you. This one barely here; but that one both there and here. Is it not, then, the utmost folly, 58.557 not even to know how to make a profit? How many have lost even the principal because of interest? how many have fallen into dangers because of interest? how many have cast both themselves and others into extreme poverty because of unspeakable greed? 2. For do not tell me this, that he is pleased to receive it, and is grateful for the loan. For this happens because of your cruelty. Since Abraham also, when giving his wife to the barbarians, himself made the plot easy to accept; but not willingly, but because of the fear of Pharaoh. So also the poor man, since you do not even consider him worthy of this, is compelled to be grateful for cruelty. But you seem to me, even if of dangers

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τόκων γραμματεῖα, τὰ τῶν δανεισμάτων οὕτω καλῶν. Ἀπόλυε τεθραυσμένους ἐν ἀφέσει· τοὺς τεταλαιπωρημένους. Τοιοῦτον γὰρ ὁ χρεώστης· ὅταν ἴδῃ τὸν δανειστὴν, κλᾶται αὐτοῦ ἡ διάνοια, καὶ θηρίου μᾶλλον αὐτὸν δέδοικε. Πτωχοὺς ἀστέγους εἰσάγαγε εἰς τὸν οἶκόν σου· ἐὰν ἴδῃς γυμνὸν, περίβαλε, καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν οἰκείων τοῦ σπέρματός σου οὐκ ὑπερόψει. Ἐν μὲν οὖν τῇ πρώην ἡμῖν γενο 58.556 μένῃ διαλέξει τὰ ἔπαθλα διηγούμενοι, τὸν πλοῦτον ἐδείκνυμεν τὸν ἐκ τούτων· νυνὶ δὲ ἴδωμεν εἴ τι τῶν ἐπιταγμάτων ἐστὶ δύσκολον, καὶ τὴν ἡμετέραν ὑπερβαῖνον φύσιν. Ἀλλ' οὐδὲν τοιοῦτον εὑρήσομεν, ἀλλὰ τοὐναντίον ἅπαν, ταῦτα μὲν πολλὴν ἔχοντα τὴν εὐκολίαν, τὰ δὲ τῆς κακίας πολὺν τὸν ἱδρῶτα. Τί γὰρ δυσκολώτερον τοῦ δανείζειν, καὶ ὑπὲρ τόκων καὶ συναλλαγμάτων φροντίζειν, καὶ ἐγγύας ἀπαιτεῖν, καὶ δεδοικέναι καὶ τρέμειν ὑπὲρ ἐνεχύρων, ὑπὲρ τοῦ κεφαλαίου, ὑπὲρ τῶν γραμματείων, ὑπὲρ τῶν τόκων, ὑπὲρ τῶν ἐγγυωμένων; Τοιαῦτα γὰρ τὰ βιωτικά. Αὕτη γὰρ ἡ δοκοῦσα καὶ ἐπινοουμένη ἀσφάλεια πάντων ἐστὶ σαθροτέρα καὶ ὕποπτος· τὸ δὲ ἐλεεῖν ῥᾴδιον, καὶ πάσης ἀπαλλάττον φροντίδος. Μὴ τοίνυν πραγματευώμεθα τὰς ἀλλοτρίας συμφορὰς, μηδὲ καπηλεύωμεν τὴν φιλανθρωπίαν. Καὶ οἶδα μὲν, ὅτι πολλοὶ τούτων ἀηδῶς ἀκούουσι τῶν λόγων· ἀλλὰ τί τὸ κέρδος τῆς σιγῆς; Κἂν γὰρ σιγάσω, καὶ μηδὲν ἐνοχλήσω διὰ ῥημάτων, ἀδύνατον διὰ τῆς σιγῆς ταύτης ἀπαλλάξαι τῆς κολάσεως ὑμᾶς, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὐναντίον ἅπαν ἐντεῦθεν γίνεται· ἐπιτείνεται τὰ τῆς τιμωρίας, καὶ οὐχ ὑμῖν μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐμοὶ προξενεῖ τὴν κόλασιν ἡ τοιαύτη σιγή. Τίς οὖν ἡ τῶν ῥημάτων χάρις, ὅταν εἰς τὰ ἔργα μὴ βοηθῇ, ἀλλὰ καὶ καταβλάπτῃ; Τί τὸ κέρδος, εὐφρᾶναι λόγῳ, καὶ λυπῆσαι πράγματι; τέρψαι τὴν ἀκοὴν, καὶ κολάσαι τὴν ψυχήν, ∆ιόπερ ἀναγκαῖον ἐνταῦθα λυπεῖν, ἵνα μὴ τιμωρίαν δῶμεν ἐκεῖ. Καὶ γὰρ δεινὸν, ἀγαπητὲ, δεινὸν καὶ πολλῆς δεόμενον θεραπείας νόσημα εἰς τὴν Ἐκκλησίαν ἐμπέπτωκεν. Οἱ γὰρ μηδὲ ἐκ δικαίων πόνων θησαυρίζειν κελευόμενοι, ἀλλὰ τὰς οἰκίας ἀνοίγειν τοῖς δεομένοις, τὴν ἑτέρων καρποῦνται πενίαν, εὐπρόσωπον ἁρπαγὴν, εὐπροφάσιστον πλεονεξίαν ἐπινοοῦντες. Μὴ γάρ μοι λέγε τοὺς ἔξω νόμους· ἐπεὶ καὶ ὁ τελώνης νόμον πληροῖ τὸν ἔξωθεν, ἀλλ' ὅμως κολάζεται. Ὃ καὶ ἡμεῖς πεισόμεθα, ἐὰν μὴ ἀποστῶμεν τοὺς πένητας ἐπιτρίβοντες, καὶ τῇ χρείᾳ καὶ τῇ ἀνάγκῃ ἀφορμῇ εἰς καπηλείαν ἀναίσχυντον ἀποχρώμενοι. ∆ιὰ γὰρ τοῦτο χρήματα ἔχεις, ἵνα λύσῃς πενίαν, οὐχ ἵνα πραγματεύσῃ πενίαν· σὺ δὲ ἐν προσχήματι παραμυθίας μείζονα ἐργάζῃ τὴν συμφορὰν, καὶ πωλεῖς φιλανθρωπίαν χρημάτων. Πώλησον, οὐ κωλύω, ἀλλὰ βασιλείας οὐρανῶν. Μὴ μικρὰν λάβῃς τιμὴν τοῦ τοσούτου κατορθώματος τόκον ἑκατοστιαῖον, ἀλλὰ τὴν ἀθάνατον ζωὴν ἐκείνην. Τί πτωχὸς εἶ, καὶ πένης καὶ μικρολόγος, ὀλίγου τὰ μεγάλα πωλῶν, χρημάτων ἀπολλυμένων, δέον βασιλείας ἀεὶ μενούσης; Τί τὸν Θεὸν ἀφεὶς, ἀνθρώπινα κερδαίνεις κέρδη; τί τὸν πλουτοῦντα παραδραμὼν, τὸν οὐκ ἔχοντα ἐνοχλεῖς, καὶ τὸν ἀποδιδόντα καταλιπὼν, τῷ ἀγνωμονοῦντι συμβάλλεις; Ἐκεῖνος ἐπιθυμεῖ ἀποδοῦναι· οὗτος δὲ καὶ δυσχεραίνει ἀποδιδούς. Οὗτος μόλις ἑκατοστὴν ἀποδίδωσιν· ἐκεῖνος δὲ ἑκατονταπλασίονα, καὶ ζωὴν αἰώνιον. Οὗτος μετὰ ὕβρεων καὶ λοιδοριῶν· ἐκεῖνος μετὰ ἐπαίνων καὶ εὐφημίας. Οὗτός σοι βασκανίαν ἐγείρει· ἐκεῖνος δὲ καὶ στεφάνους σοι πλέκει. Οὗτος μόλις ἐνταῦθα· ἐκεῖνος δὲ καὶ ἐκεῖ καὶ ἐνταῦθα. Ἆρ' οὖν οὐκ ἐσχάτης ταῦτα ἀνοίας. 58.557 τὸ μηδὲ εἰδέναι κερδαίνειν; Πόσοι καὶ τὸ κεφάλαιον ἀπώλεσαν διὰ τόκους; πόσοι κινδύνοις περιέπεσον διὰ τόκους; πόσοι καὶ ἑαυτοὺς καὶ ἑτέρους πενίᾳ περιέβαλον ἐσχάτῃ διὰ τὴν ἄφατον πλεονεξίαν; ʹ. Μὴ γάρ μοι τοῦτο εἴπῃς, ὅτι ἥδεται λαμβάνων, καὶ χάριν ἔχει τοῦ δανείσματος. Τοῦτο γὰρ διὰ τὴν σὴν ὠμότητα γίνεται. Ἐπεὶ καὶ ὁ Ἀβραὰμ τὴν γυναῖκα ἐκδιδοὺς τοῖς βαρβάροις, αὐτὸς κατεσκεύαζεν εὐπαράδεκτον γενέσθαι τὴν ἐπιβουλήν· ἀλλ' οὐχ ἑκὼν, ἀλλὰ διὰ τὸν φόβον τοῦ Φαραώ. Οὕτω καὶ ὁ πένης, ἐπειδὴ οὐδὲ τούτου ἄξιον αὐτὸν εἶναι νομίζεις, καὶ ὠμότητος ἀναγκάζεται χάριν εἰδέναι. Σὺ δέ μοι δοκεῖς, κἂν κινδύνων