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having transgressed, in the brief turning of a moment they paid the penalty, if indeed one must call the debt of nature a penalty. 2. Did you see how great the philanthropy? Do you wish to see it from another angle? He did not bring it immediately, but foretold it once and twice and many times. For indeed through the ark He spoke to them; but they did not yield even so, although the transgression did not require a command. But not even nature taught them, but like swine, or rather even more grievously than any swine, corrupting one another, and tearing up the laws of nature from their very foundations, and yielding to no exhortation nor counsel, nor reaping the benefit from the neighborhood of the just man, in a brief turning of a moment they only paid the penalty, or rather were delivered from corruption, and were freed from judgment. For to do such things is much more grievous than to be deluged. Is this then, tell me, a punishment, to deliver from so great a ruin those being corrupted by wickedness, and lawlessly mixed up with one another, and shaming, and being shamed? Then we shall not say that a physician who cuts out the putrid parts is punishing the body, but we shall accept him as philanthropic; and shall we not be much more amazed at God, both for His wisdom and His philanthropy, for thus chastising His own? Therefore it is right to always both marvel at Him and glorify Him; but on account of this matter let us never turn away from Him, being astonished at His care, nor shall we cease hymning Him for these things also, that He gave a swift incision, and cut off the spreading sore, and 55.449 applied a painless cure. Let this not trouble you, then, that they were all drowned at once. For what is the difference between this and little by little? What does it profit the departed to be by himself, or harm him to be with all? Hear me in your righteousness, that is, in philanthropy. For that it signifies this, he added: And enter not into judgment with your servant. This Job also asks, being so Righteous, and true, and God-fearing, and abstaining from every evil thing; Would that there were one who arbitrates and judges between us both, saying; but when God appeared, I will lay my hand on my mouth; although God challenged him and said: No, but gird up your loins like a man. And to the Jews He reproaches this, saying: What fault did your fathers find in me, that your rulers have transgressed against me? And He does this, not wishing to make the sentence more severe, but to bring them to a perception and confession of their own sins, and then to give forgiveness, so that they might thus see the greatness of the good deed. Therefore He says, You declare your iniquities first; not, That you may be condemned, but, That you may be justified. For this very reason He does not say them Himself, but prepares him. For if He wished to punish, He Himself would have accused; but now since He wishes to have mercy, He yields to the one who has sinned, so that he may receive a crown of gratitude, and by his confession draw down mercy. What could be equal to this philanthropy? Nothing. Say it, He says, and I seek nothing more; confess, and it is enough for me; say it, and I have all I require. Enter not into judgment with your servant. This has been accomplished among many by the fact that God is about to judge. For the grateful know this even before this; but the ungrateful from the prophets' constantly saying, The Lord has a controversy with His people, and He will plead with Israel; and again, Hear, you valleys and foundations of the earth; and, Hear, O heaven, and give ear, O earth. Therefore, from His being constantly said to judge, it was accomplished even among the insensible. For indeed some of the Jews were saying: Why is it that we have fasted, and you have not seen? and, Every one that does evil is good in the sight of the Lord;

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παρανομήσαντες, ἐν βραχείᾳ καιροῦ ῥοπῇ τὴν τιμωρίαν ἔδοσαν, εἴ γε τιμωρίαν δεῖ καλεῖν τὸ τῆς φύσεως χρέος. βʹ. Εἶδες πόση ἡ φιλανθρωπία; Βούλει καὶ ἑτέρωθεν αὐτὴν ἰδεῖν; Οὐκ εὐθέως αὐτὴν ἐπήγαγεν, ἀλλὰ προεῖπε καὶ ἅπαξ καὶ δὶς καὶ πολλάκις. Καὶ γὰρ διὰ τῆς λάρνακος αὐτοῖς διελέγετο· οἱ δὲ οὐδὲ οὕτως ἐνέδοσαν, καίτοι οὐδὲ παραγγελίας ἐδεῖτο ἡ παρανομία. Ἀλλ' οὐδὲ ἡ φύσις αὐτοὺς ἐπαίδευσεν, οἱ δὲ ὡς χοῖροι, μᾶλλον δὲ καὶ χοίρων χαλεπώτερον ἁπάντων ἐν ἀλλήλοις φθειρόμενοι, καὶ τοὺς τῆς φύσεως νόμους ἐκ βάθρων αὐτῶν ἀνασπάσαντες, καὶ μηδεμιᾷ παραινέσει, μηδὲ συμβουλῇ ἐνδόντες, μηδὲ τὴν ἀπὸ τῆς τοῦ δικαίου γειτνιάσεως ὠφέλειαν καρπωσάμενοι, ἐν βραχείᾳ καιροῦ ῥοπῇ μόνον τὴν δίκην ἔδοσαν, μᾶλλον δὲ φθορᾶς ἀπηλλάγησαν, καὶ δίκης ἠλευθερώθησαν. Τοῦ γὰρ κατακλυσθῆναι πολλῷ χαλεπώτερον τὸ τοιαῦτα ποιεῖν. Τοῦτο οὖν, εἰπέ μοι, τιμωρία τὸ κακίᾳ φθειρομένους, καὶ ἀλλήλοις φυρομένους παρανόμως, καὶ καταισχύνοντας, καὶ καταισχυνομένους ἀπαλλάξαι τῆς τοσαύτης λύμης; Εἶτα ἰατρὸν μὲν τὰ σεσηπότα ἐκτέμνοντα οὐ φήσομεν τιμωρεῖσθαι τὸ σῶμα, ἀλλ' ὡς φιλάνθρωπον ἀποδεξόμεθα· τὸν δὲ Θεὸν οὐ πολλῷ μᾶλλον ἐκπλαγησόμεθα καὶ τῆς σοφίας καὶ τῆς φιλανθρωπίας, οὕτω τοὺς ἑαυτοῦ κολάζοντα; ∆ιαπαντὸς μὲν οὖν καὶ θαυμάζειν αὐτὸν καὶ δοξάζειν χρή· ταύτης δὲ ἕνεκεν τῆς ὑποθέσεως μηδέποτε ἀποστῶμεν αὐτοῦ τὴν κηδεμονίαν ἐκπληττόμενοι, οὐδὲ παυσώμεθα αὐτὸν καὶ διὰ ταῦτα ἀνυμνοῦντες, ὅτι τε τομὴν ἔδωκε σύντομον, καὶ τὴν νομὴν ἀπέκοψε, καὶ 55.449 τὴν ἰατρείαν ἀνώδυνον ἐπέθηκε. Μὴ δὴ οὖν τοῦτό σε θορυβείτω, ὅτι ἀθρόον καὶ πάντες κατεποντίσθησαν. Τί γὰρ διαφέρει τοῦτο τοῦ κατὰ μικρόν; τί τὸν ἀπελθόντα ὠφελεῖ τὸ καθ' ἑαυτὸν, ἢ βλάπτει τὸ μετὰ πάντων; Ἐπάκουσόν μου ἐν τῇ δικαιοσύνῃ σου, τουτέστιν, ἐν φιλανθρωπίᾳ. Ὅτι γὰρ τοῦτο δηλοῖ, ἐπήγαγε· Καὶ μὴ εἰσέλθῃς εἰς κρίσιν μετὰ τοῦ δούλου σου. Τοῦτο καὶ ὁ Ἰὼβ αἰτεῖ, οὕτω ∆ίκαιος ὢν, καὶ ἀληθινὸς, καὶ θεοσεβὴς, καὶ ἀπεχόμενος ἀπὸ παντὸς πονηροῦ πράγματος· Εἴθε ἦν ὁ διακρίνων καὶ διελέγχων μεταξὺ ἀμφοτέρων, λέγων· τοῦ δὲ Θεοῦ φανέντος, Χεῖρα θήσω ἐπὶ στόματί μου· καίτοι τοῦ Θεοῦ προκαλουμένου καὶ λέγοντος· Μὴ, ἀλλὰ ζῶσαι ὥσπερ ἀνὴρ τὴν ὀσφύν σου. Καὶ Ἰουδαίοις τοῦτο ὀνειδίζει λέγων· Τί εὕροσαν οἱ πατέρες ὑμῶν ἐν ἐμοὶ πλημμέλημα, ὅτι οἱ ἄρχοντες ὑμῶν ἠνόμησαν εἰς ἐμέ; Ποιεῖ δὲ τοῦτο, οὐ χαλεπωτέραν θέλων τὴν ψῆφον ἐργάσασθαι, ἀλλ' εἰς αἴσθησιν αὐτοὺς ἐμβαλεῖν καὶ ὁμολογίαν τῶν οἰκείων ἁμαρτημάτων, καὶ τότε δοῦναι τὴν συγχώρησιν, ἵνα οὕτως ἴδωσι τῆς εὐεργεσίας τὸ μέγεθος. ∆ιό φησι, Λέγε σὺ τὰς ἀνομίας σου πρῶτος· οὐχ, Ἵνα κατακριθῇς, ἀλλ', Ἵνα δικαιωθῇς. ∆ιά τοι τοῦτο οὐδὲ αὐτὸς αὐτὰς λέγει, ἀλλ' ἐκεῖνον παρασκευάζει. Εἰ μὲν γὰρ κολάσαι ἐβούλετο, αὐτὸς ἂν κατηγόρησε· νυνὶ δὲ ἐπειδὴ ἐλεῆσαι θέλει, παραχωρεῖ τῷ ἡμαρτηκότι, ὥστε αὐτὸν εὐγνωμοσύνης λαβεῖν στέφανον, καὶ διὰ τῆς ὁμολογίας ἐπισπάσασθαι τὸν ἔλεον. Τί ταύτης τῆς φιλανθρωπίας γένοιτ' ἂν ἴσον; Οὐδέν. Εἰπὲ, φησὶ, καὶ οὐδὲν πλέον ζητῶ· ὁμολόγησον, καὶ ἀρκεῖ μοι· εἰπὲ, καὶ τὸ πᾶν ἀπέχω. Μὴ εἰσέλθῃς εἰς κρίσιν μετὰ τοῦ δούλου σου. Τοῦτο ἀπὸ τοῦ μέλλειν δικάζεσθαι τὸν Θεὸν παρὰ πολλοῖς κατώρθωται. Οἱ μὲν γὰρ εὐγνώμονες καὶ πρὸ τούτου ἴσασι τοῦτο· οἱ δὲ ἀγνώμονες ἀπὸ τοῦ συνεχῶς λέγειν τοὺς προφήτας, Κρίσις τῷ Κυρίῳ πρὸς τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ, καὶ μετὰ τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ διαλεχθήσεται· καὶ πάλιν, Ἀκούσατε, φάραγγες καὶ θεμέλια τῆς γῆς· καὶ, Ἄκουε, οὐρανὲ, καὶ ἐνωτίζου, γῆ. Ἀπὸ τοῦ συνεχῶς οὖν αὐτὸν λέγεσθαι δικάζειν, καὶ παρὰ τοῖς ἀναισθήτοις κατωρθοῦτο. Καὶ γὰρ ἔλεγόν τινες τῶν Ἰουδαίων· Τί ὅτι ἐνηστεύσαμεν, καὶ οὐκ εἶδες; καὶ, Πᾶς ποιῶν πονηρὸν, καλὸν ἐνώπιον Κυρίου·