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reproaching and chiding her, that she imagined these things concerning the living one. But how, he says, did she turn, if He was speaking to her? It seems to me that after saying, Where have you laid him, she turned to the angels as if to ask why they were astonished; then that Christ called her and made her turn back to Himself from them, and made Himself known by His voice. For when He called her, Mary, then she recognized Him. Thus the recognition was not of sight, but of voice. But if they should say, How is it clear that the angels were astonished, and that for this reason the woman turned? and here they will say, How is it clear that she touched Him, and fell at His feet? But just as this is clear from His saying, Do not touch Me; so is that, from the saying, that she turned. And for what reason did He say, Do not touch Me? Some say that she was asking for spiritual grace, having heard Him say with the disciples, If I go to the Father, I will ask Him, and He will give you another Comforter. 2. And how did she, who was not present with the disciples, hear these things? Besides, such a fancy is far from this way of thinking. How could she ask, when He had not yet gone to the Father? What then? It seems to me that she wished still to be with Him as before, and from her joy to think nothing great, even though He had become much better in the flesh. To lead her away, therefore, from this notion, and from conversing with Him with much freedom (for He does not appear to have consorted with the disciples in the same way henceforth), He raises her mind, so that she might attend to Him more reverently. So, to say, Do not approach Me as before; for matters are not in the same state, nor will I henceforth be with you in the same way, was harsh and boastful; but to say, I have not yet ascended to the Father, though it was gentle, had the same meaning. For by saying, I have not yet ascended, He shows that He is hastening and pressing on there; and One who was about to depart there, and no longer to associate with men, ought not to be regarded with the same mind as before. And that this is so, what follows shows: Go, tell the brethren that I go to My Father and your Father, and to My God and your God. And yet He was not about to do this immediately, but after forty days. Why then does He say this? Wishing to raise her mind, and to persuade her that He is going away into the heavens. But the phrase, My Father and your Father, and My God and your God, belongs to the economy, since to ascend is also of the 59.470 flesh. For to one who imagined nothing great, He utters these words. Is He therefore His Father in one way, and ours in another? Entirely so. For if He is God of the just in one way and of other men in another, much more so of the Son and of us. For since He had said, Tell the brethren, lest from this they might imagine some equality, He shows the difference. For He was about to be seated on the Father's throne, but they were to stand by. So that even if according to the substance in the flesh He became our brother, yet in honor He differed greatly, and it is not possible to say how much. She, therefore, goes away to report these things to the disciples. So good a thing is diligence and perseverance. But how was it that they did not grieve at His being about to depart, nor did they speak as they had before? Then, indeed, because He was about to die, they felt this; but now that He was risen, for what reason were they to grieve? And she reported both the sight and the words, which were sufficient to comfort them. Since, then, it was likely that the disciples, on hearing these things, would either disbelieve the woman, or, believing, would grieve that He had not counted them worthy of the sight, though He had promised to appear to them in Galilee; therefore, that they might not be distressed by these thoughts, He did not let even one day pass, but brought them to a state of desire, both by their already knowing that He was risen, and by what they heard from the woman, so that while they were thirsting to see Him and were full of fear (which itself especially made their longing greater), then, when it was evening, He stood by them, and with a great marvel. And why did He appear in the evening? Because it was then most likely that they would be greatly afraid. But the wonderful thing is, how did they not think Him a phantom? For He came in when the doors were shut, and

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ὀνειδίζων καὶ καθαπτόμενος, ὅτι ταῦτα περὶ τοῦ ζῶντος ἐφαντάζετο. Πῶς δὲ, Στραφεῖσα λέγει, εἴ γε πρὸς αὐτὴν διελέγετο; Ἐμοὶ δοκεῖ εἰποῦσαν αὐτὴν τὸ, Ποῦ τεθείκατε αὐτὸν, στραφῆναι πρὸς τοὺς ἀγγέλους ὡς ἐρωτῶσαν, τί ἐξεπλάγησαν· εἶτα τὸν Χριστὸν καλέσαντα αὐτὴν ἐπιστρέψαι πρὸς ἑαυτὸν ἀπ' ἐκείνων, καὶ διὰ τῆς φωνῆς δῆλον ἑαυτὸν ποιῆσαι. Ὅτε γὰρ ἐκάλεσεν αὐτὴν, Μαρία, τότε αὐτὸν ἐπέγνω. Οὕτως οὐκ ὄψεως ἦν, ἀλλὰ φωνῆς ἡ ἐπίγνωσις. Εἰ δὲ λέγοιεν, Πόθεν δῆλον, ὅτι οἱ ἄγγελοι ἐξεπλάγησαν, καὶ διὰ τοῦτο ἐπεστράφη ἡ γυνή; καὶ ἐνταῦθα ἐροῦσι, Πόθεν δῆλον, ὅτι ἥψατο αὐτοῦ, καὶ προσέπεσεν; Ἀλλ' ὥσπερ τοῦτο δῆλον ἀπὸ τοῦ εἰπεῖν, Μή μου ἅπτου· οὕτω κἀκεῖνο, ἀπὸ τοῦ εἰπεῖν, ὅτι ἐστράφη. Τίνος δὲ ἕνεκεν εἶπε, Μή μου ἅπτου; Τινές φασιν, ὅτι χάριν αἰτεῖ πνευματικὴν, ἀκούσασα μετὰ τῶν μαθητῶν λέγοντος· Ἐὰν πορευθῶ πρὸς τὸν Πατέρα, ἐρωτήσω αὐτὸν, καὶ δώσει ὑμῖν ἄλλον Παράκλητον. βʹ. Καὶ πῶς ἡ μὴ παροῦσα μετὰ τῶν μαθητῶν, ταῦτα ἤκουσε; Ἄλλως δὲ, καὶ πόῤῥω τῆς διανοίας ταύτης ἡ τοιαύτη φαντασία. Πῶς δὲ αἰτεῖ, οὐδέπω πρὸς τὸν Πατέρα ἀπελθόντος; Τί οὖν; ∆οκεῖ μοι βούλεσθαι αὐτὴν ἔτι συνεῖναι αὐτῷ, ὥσπερ τότε, καὶ ἀπὸ τῆς χαρᾶς μηδὲν ἐννοῆσαι μέγα, εἰ καὶ πολλῷ βελτίων ἐγεγόνει κατὰ σάρκα. Ταύτης γοῦν ἀπάγων αὐτὴν τῆς ἐννοίας, καὶ τοῦ μετὰ πολλῆς αὐτῷ ἀδείας διαλέγεσθαι (οὐδὲ γὰρ τοῖς μαθηταῖς φαίνεται λοιπὸν ἐπιχωριάζων ὁμοίως), ἀνάγει αὐτῆς τὴν διάνοιαν, ὥστε αἰδεσιμώτερον αὐτῷ προσέχειν. Τὸ μὲν οὖν εἰπεῖν, Μὴ πρόσιθί μοι, καθάπερ καὶ πρότερον· οὐ γὰρ ἐν τοῖς αὐτοῖς τὰ πράγματα, οὐδὲ ὁμοίως μέλλω συνεῖναι λοιπὸν ὑμῖν· πρόσαντες ἦν καὶ κόμπον ἔχον· τὸ δὲ εἰπεῖν, Οὔπω ἀναβέβηκα πρὸς τὸν Πατέρα, εἰ καὶ ἀνεπαχθὲς, τὸ αὐτὸ δηλοῦντος ἦν. Εἰπὼν γὰρ, ὅτι Οὔπω ἀναβέβηκα, ἐμφαίνει, ὅτι ἐκεῖ σπεύδει καὶ ἐπείγεται· τὸν δὲ ἐκεῖ μέλλοντα ἀπιέναι, καὶ μηκέτι μετὰ ἀνθρώπων στρέφεσθαι, οὐκ ἔδει μετὰ τῆς αὐτῆς ὁρᾷν διανοίας ἧς καὶ πρὸ τούτου Καὶ ὅτι τοῦτό ἐστι, δηλοῖ τὸ ἑξῆς· Πορεύου, εἰπὲ τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς, ὅτι πορεύομαι πρὸς τὸν Πατέρα μου καὶ Πατέρα ὑμῶν, καὶ Θεόν μου καὶ Θεὸν ὑμῶν. Καίτοι οὐκ ἔμελλε εὐθέως τοῦτο ποιεῖν, ἀλλὰ μετὰ τεσσαράκοντα ἡμέρας. Πῶς οὖν τοῦτό φησιν; Ἀναστῆσαι βουλόμενος αὐτῆς τὴν διάνοιαν, καὶ πεῖσαι, ὅτι εἰς τοὺς οὐρανοὺς ἀπέρχεται. Τὸ δὲ, Πατέρα μου καὶ Πατέρα ὑμῶν, καὶ Θεόν μου καὶ Θεὸν ὑμῶν, τῆς οἰκονομίας ἐστὶ, ἐπεὶ καὶ τὸ ἀναβῆναι τῆς 59.470 σαρκός ἐστι. Πρὸς γὰρ τὴν οὐδὲν μέγα φανταζομένην ταῦτα φθέγγεται. Ἑτέρως οὖν αὐτοῦ Πατὴρ, καὶ ἑτέρως ἡμῶν; Πάνυ μὲν οὖν. Εἰ γὰρ τῶν δικαίων ἑτέρως Θεὸς καὶ τῶν ἄλλων ἀνθρώπων, πολλῷ μᾶλλον τοῦ Υἱοῦ καὶ ἡμῶν. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ εἶπεν, Εἰπὲ τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς, ἵνα μὴ ἀπὸ τούτου ἴσον τι φαντασθῶσι, δείκνυσι τὸ ἐνηλλαγμένον. Αὐτὸς μὲν γὰρ ἔμελλε καθιεῖσθαι ἐπὶ τοῦ θρόνου τοῦ πατρικοῦ, οὗτοι δὲ παρεστάναι. Ὥστε εἰ καὶ κατὰ τὴν οὐσίαν τὴν ἐν σαρκὶ ἀδελφὸς ἡμῶν ἐγένετο, ἀλλὰ τῇ τιμῇ πολὺ διενήνοχε, καὶ οὐδὲ ἔστιν εἰπεῖν ὅσον. Αὕτη μὲν οὖν ἀπέρχεται ταῦτα ἀπαγγέλλουσα τοῖς μαθηταῖς. Τοσοῦτόν ἐστι προσεδρία καὶ καρτερία καλόν. Ἐκεῖνοι δὲ πῶς λοιπὸν οὐκ ἤλγησαν μέλλοντος ἀπιέναι, οὐδὲ ἐφθέγξαντο οἷα καὶ πρότερον; Τότε μὲν οὖν ὡς τεθνηξομένου, τοῦτο ἔπασχον· νῦν δὲ, ἀναστάντος, τίνος ἕνεκεν ἔμελλον ἀλγεῖν; Ἀπήγγειλε δὲ καὶ τὴν ὄψιν καὶ τὰ ῥήματα, ἅπερ ἱκανὰ ἦν αὐτοὺς παραμυθήσασθαι. Ἐπειδὴ οὖν εἰκὸς ἦν τοὺς μαθητὰς ταῦτα ἀκούοντας, ἢ διαπιστεῖν τῇ γυναικὶ, ἢ πιστεύσαντας ἀλγεῖν, ὅτι αὐτοὺς οὐ κατηξίωσε τῆς ὄψεως, καίτοι γε ἐπαγγειλάμενος ἐν τῇ Γαλιλαίᾳ αὐτοῖς φαίνεσθαι· ἵν' οὖν μὴ ταῦτα στρέφοντες ἀλύωσιν, οὐδὲ ἡμέραν μίαν ἀφῆκε διελθεῖν, ἀλλ' εἰς ἐπιθυμίαν αὐτοὺς ἀγαγὼν τῷ τε ἤδη εἰδέναι ἐγηγέρθαι αὐτὸν, τῷ τε παρὰ τῆς γυναικὸς ἀκοῦσαι, διψῶσιν αὐτοῖς ἰδεῖν καὶ περιφόβοις οὖσιν (ὃ καὶ αὐτὸ μάλιστα τὸν πόθον ἐποίει πλείονα), τότε ὀψίας γενομένης, ἐφίστατο, καὶ μετὰ πολλοῦ τοῦ θαύματος. Καὶ τί δήποτε ἑσπέρας ἐφάνη; Ὅτι τότε μάλιστα εἰκὸς ἦν αὐτοὺς εἶναι περιδεεῖς. Ἀλλὰ τὸ θαυμαστὸν, πῶς φάντασμα αὐτὸν οὐκ ἐνόμισαν; καὶ γὰρ κεκλεισμένων εἰσῆλθε τῶν θυρῶν, καὶ