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the benefit, but also from that time when he allowed the demon to be within. For if the man had not enjoyed much providence even then, he would have long since perished. For it threw him, he says, into the fire and into the water. But the one who dared these things would certainly also have killed him, if God had not placed a strong bridle on him even in such great madness; just as then in the case of those naked ones, running in the deserts, and cutting themselves with stones. But if he calls him a lunatic, be not troubled; for it is the voice of the father of the one possessed by a demon. How then does the evangelist also say that he healed many lunatics? Calling them so from the common supposition. For the demon, to slander the element, both attacks those who are caught, and releases them, according to the courses of the moon; not as if it were causing it, far from it; but he himself working this mischief for the slander of the element. Wherefore also a misleading opinion has prevailed among the foolish, and so being deceived they call such demons; for this is not true. Then his disciples, coming to him in private, asked him for what reason they had not been able to cast out the demon. They seem to me to be in agony and to fear, lest perhaps they had lost the grace with which they had been entrusted. For they had received authority over unclean demons. Wherefore they also ask, coming to him in private, not being ashamed (for if the deed came out, and they were exposed, it was superfluous then to be ashamed of the confession in words); but because they were about to ask him about a secret and great matter. What then says Christ? Because of your unbelief, he says. For if you have faith as a grain of mustard seed, you will say to this mountain, Move, and it will move, and nothing will be impossible for you. But if you should say, Where did they move a mountain? I would say this, that they did far greater things, raising countless dead. For it is not the same thing to move a mountain, and to remove death from a body. And some saints after them, much inferior to them, are said to have moved even mountains when need called. Whence it is clear that these also would have moved them, had need called. But if there was no need then, do not find fault. And besides, He himself did not say, You will certainly move them, but that you will be able to do this also. But if they did not move them, it was not because they were not able, (for how could that be, they who were able to do greater things?) but because they did not wish to, since there was no need. And it is likely that this also happened, and was not written down; for not all the wonders they worked were written. At that time, however, they were in a much more imperfect state. What then? Did they not even have this much faith then? They did not have it; for they were not always the same 58.563; since even Peter is now called blessed, and now is rebuked; and the rest also are derided by him for their folly, when they did not understand the saying about the leaven. And it happened then also that the disciples were weak; for they were in a more imperfect state before the cross. But here he means the faith of miracles, and he mentions the mustard seed, showing its unspeakable power. For although the mustard seed seems to be small in bulk, yet in power it is stronger than all. Showing therefore, that even the least part of genuine faith can do great things, he mentioned the mustard seed; and he did not stop only at this, but also added mountains, and went even further. For nothing, he says, will be impossible for you. 4. But you, here also, admire their philosophy, and the strength of the Spirit; their philosophy, because they did not hide their own failing; and the strength of the Spirit, because those who did not even have a grain of mustard seed He so led up little by little, as to give forth rivers and fountains of faith in them. But this kind does not go out, except by prayer and fasting; the whole kind of demons, he means, not only the kind of lunatics. Do you see how he already lays for them the foundation of his teaching about fasting? For do not tell me from the rare cases, that some even without fasting have cast them out. For even if one might say this of one or two perhaps, concerning those who rebuke them, yet for the one suffering it is ever impossible while living in luxury to be delivered from this madness. For there is greatest need of this thing for the one who is sick with such things. And

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τὴν εὐεργεσίαν, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐξ ἐκείνου τοῦ καιροῦ, οὗ συνεχώρησεν ἔνδον εἶναι τὸν δαίμονα. Καὶ γὰρ εἰ μὴ πολλῆς προνοίας καὶ τότε ἀπέλαυεν ὁ ἄνθρωπος, πάλαι ἂν ἀπολώλει. Καὶ γὰρ εἰς τὸ πῦρ αὐτὸν ἔβαλλε, φησὶ, καὶ εἰς τὸ ὕδωρ. Ὁ δὲ ταῦτα τολμῶν καὶ ἀνεῖλεν ἂν πάντως, εἰ μὴ καὶ ἐν τοσαύτῃ μανίᾳ πολὺν ἐπέθηκεν ὁ Θεὸς αὐτῷ τὸν χαλινόν· ὥσπερ οὖν καὶ ἐπ' ἐκείνων τῶν γυμνῶν, τῶν ἐν ταῖς ἐρημίαις τρεχόντων, καὶ λίθοις ἑαυτοὺς κατακοπτόντων. Εἰ δὲ σεληνιαζόμενον καλεῖ, μηδὲν θορυβηθῇς· τοῦ γὰρ πατρὸς τοῦ δαιμονῶντός ἐστιν ἡ φωνή. Πῶς οὖν φησι καὶ ὁ εὐαγγελιστὴς, ὅτι σεληνιαζομένους πολλοὺς ἐθεράπευσεν; Ἀπὸ τῆς τῶν πολλῶν ὑπονοίας αὐτοὺς καλῶν. Ὁ γὰρ δαίμων ἐπὶ διαβολῇ τοῦ στοιχείου καὶ ἐπιτίθεται τοῖς ἁλοῦσι, καὶ ἀνίησιν αὐτοὺς, κατὰ τοὺς τῆς σελήνης δρόμους· οὐχ ὡς ἐκείνης ἐνεργούσης, ἄπαγε· ἀλλ' αὐτὸς τοῦτο κακουργῶν εἰς τὴν τοῦ στοιχείου διαβολήν. ∆ιὸ καὶ πεπλανημένη παρὰ τοῖς ἀνοήτοις ἐκράτησε δόξα, καὶ οὕτω τοὺς τοιούτους καλοῦσι δαίμονας ἀπατώμενοι· οὐδὲ γάρ ἐστι τοῦτο ἀληθές. Τότε προσελθόντες οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ κατ' ἰδίαν, ἠρώτησαν αὐτὸν, τίνος ἕνεκεν οὐκ ἠδυνήθησαν αὐτοὶ τὸν δαίμονα ἐκβαλεῖν. Ἐμοὶ δοκοῦσιν ἀγωνιᾷν καὶ δεδοικέναι, μήποτε τὴν χάριν, ἣν ἐπιστεύθησαν, ἀπώλεσαν. Ἔλαβον γὰρ ἐξουσίαν κατὰ δαιμόνων ἀκαθάρτων. ∆ιὸ καὶ ἐρωτῶσι, κατ' ἰδίαν αὐτῷ προσελθόντες, οὐκ αἰσχυνόμενοι (εἰ γὰρ τὸ ἔργον ἐξῆλθε, καὶ ἠλέγχθησαν, περιττὸν ἦν αἰσχύνεσθαι λοιπὸν τὴν διὰ τῶν λόγων ὁμολογίαν)· ἀλλ' ἐπειδὴ περὶ ἀποῤῥήτου καὶ μεγάλου πράγματος ἔμελλον αὐτὸν ἐρωτᾷν. Τί οὖν ὁ Χριστός; ∆ιὰ τὴν ἀπιστίαν ὑμῶν, φησίν. Ἐὰν γὰρ ἔχητε πίστιν ὡς κόκκον σινάπεως, ἐρεῖτε τῷ ὄρει τούτῳ, Μετάβηθι, καὶ μεταβήσεται, καὶ οὐδὲν ἀδυνατήσει ὑμῖν. Εἰ δὲ λέγοις, Ποῦ ὄρος μετέθηκαν; ἐκεῖνο ἂν εἴποιμι, ὅτι πολλῷ μείζονα ἐποίησαν, μυρίους νεκροὺς ἀναστήσαντες. Οὐδὲ γὰρ ἴσον, ὄρος μεταστῆσαι, καὶ θάνατον ἀπὸ σώματος κινῆσαι. Λέγονται δὲ μετ' ἐκείνους ἅγιοί τινες ἐκείνων ἐλάττους πολλῷ, καὶ ὄρη χρείας καλεσάσης μεταθεῖναι. Ὅθεν δῆλον ὡς καὶ οὗτοι μετέθεσαν ἂν, καλούσης χρείας. Εἰ δὲ τότε οὐκ ἐγένετο χρεία, μὴ ἐγκάλει. Ἄλλως δὲ καὶ αὐτὸς οὐκ εἶπεν, ὅτι Μεταστήσετε πάντως, ἀλλ' ὅτι ∆υνήσεσθε καὶ τοῦτο. Εἰ δὲ οὐ μετέστησαν, οὐκ ἐπειδὴ οὐκ ἠδυνήθησαν, (πῶς γὰρ, οἱ τὰ μείζονα δυνηθέντες;) ἀλλ' ἐπειδὴ οὐκ ἐβουλήθησαν, διὰ τὸ μὴ γενέσθαι χρείαν. Εἰκὸς δὲ καὶ γεγενῆσθαι τοῦτο, καὶ μὴ γεγράφθαι· οὐδὲ γὰρ πάντα ἃ ἐθαυματούργησαν ἐγράφη. Τότε μέντοι ἀτελέστερον πολλῷ διέκειντο. Τί οὖν; οὐδὲ ταύτην τὴν πίστιν εἶχον τότε; Οὐκ εἶχον· οὐδὲ γὰρ ἀεὶ οἱ αὐτοὶ 58.563 ἦσαν· ἐπεὶ καὶ Πέτρος νῦν μὲν μακαρίζεται, νῦν δὲ ἐπιτιμᾶται· καὶ οἱ λοιποὶ δὲ εἰς ἄνοιαν σκώπτονται παρ' αὐτοῦ, ὅτε οὐ συνῆκαν τὸν περὶ τῆς ζύμης λόγον. Συνέβη δὲ καὶ τότε τοὺς μαθητὰς ἀσθενῆσαι· ἀτελέστερον γὰρ διέκειντο πρὸ τοῦ σταυροῦ. Πίστιν δὲ ἐνταῦθα λέγει τὴν τῶν σημείων, καὶ σινάπεως μέμνηται, τὴν ἄφατον αὐτῆς δηλῶν δύναμιν. Εἰ γὰρ καὶ τῷ ὄγκῳ μικρὸν εἴναι τὸ σίνηπι δοκεῖ, ἀλλὰ τῇ δυνάμει ἁπάντων ἐστὶ σφοδρότερον. ∆εικνὺς τοίνυν, ὅτι καὶ τὸ ἐλάχιστον τῆς γνησίας πίστεως μεγάλα δύναται, ἐμνήσθη τοῦ σινάπεως· καὶ οὐδὲ μέχρι τούτου ἔστη μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ὄρη προσέθηκε, καὶ περαιτέρω προέβη. Οὐδὲν γὰρ, φησὶν, ἀδυνατήσει ὑμῖν. δʹ. Σὺ δὲ κἀνταῦθα αὐτῶν θαύμασον τὴν φιλοσοφίαν, καὶ τοῦ Πνεύματος τὴν ἰσχύν· τὴν μὲν φιλοσοφίαν, ὅτι οὐκ ἔκρυψαν αὐτῶν τὸ ἐλάττωμα· τοῦ δὲ Πνεύματος τὴν ἰσχὺν, ὅτι τοὺς οὐδὲ κόκκον σινάπεως ἔχοντας οὕτω κατὰ μικρὸν ἀνήγαγεν, ὡς ποταμοὺς καὶ πηγὰς ἐν αὐτοῖς πίστεως ἀναδοῦναι. Τὸ δὲ γένος τοῦτο οὐκ ἐκπορεύεται, εἰ μὴ ἐν προσευχῇ καὶ νηστείᾳ· τὸ τῶν δαιμόνων ἅπαν, οὐ τὸ τῶν σεληνιαζομένων λέγων μόνον. Ὁρᾷς πῶς αὐτοῖς ἤδη τὸν περὶ νηστείας προκαταβάλλεται λόγον; Μὴ γάρ μοι ἀπὸ τῶν σπανιζόντων λέγε, ὅτι τινὲς καὶ χωρὶς νηστείας ἐξέβαλον. Εἰ γὰρ καὶ περὶ τῶν ἐπιτιμώντων τοῦτο ἂν εἴποι τις ἑνός που καὶ δευτέρου, ἀλλὰ πάσχοντα ἀμήχανόν ποτε τρυφῶντα ἀπαλλαγῆναι τῆς μανίας ταύτης. ∆εῖ γὰρ μάλιστα τοῦ πράγματος τούτου τῷ τὰ τοιαῦτα νοσοῦντι. Καὶ