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at once. Especially since the woman had come beforehand and produced great faith; and besides, He also showed them a clear and gentle countenance. But He did not appear by day, so that all might be gathered together; for their astonishment was great. For He did not even knock on the door, but stood suddenly in their midst, and showed His side and His hands. And at the same time with His voice He calmed their surging thoughts, saying, "Peace be with you;" that is, "Do not be troubled;" and reminding them of the word which He had spoken to them before the cross: "My peace I leave with you;" and again, "In Me you have peace, in the world you will have tribulation." Then the disciples were glad when they saw the Lord. Do you see the words being fulfilled in deeds? For what He said before the cross, "I will see you again, and your heart will rejoice, and your joy no one will take from you," this He now fulfilled in deed. And all these things led them to a most exact faith. For since they had an implacable war with the Jews, He continually added, "Peace be with you," giving a consolation to counterbalance the war. 3. This, then, was the first word He spoke after the resurrection (which is why Paul also says everywhere, "Grace to you and peace"); but to the women He proclaims joy, because that sex was in sorrow, and this was the first joy it received. Suitably, therefore, to the men, because of the war, peace; but to the women, because of their sorrow, He proclaims joy. And having abolished all sorrowful things, He adds the achievements of the cross; and these were peace. Since, therefore, all the hindrances have been removed, and He has made the victory glorious, and all things have been accomplished; then finally He says: "As the Father has sent Me, I also send you." You have no difficulty, both from 59.471 what has already happened, and from the dignity of Me who sends you. Here He lifts up their soul, and shows how trustworthy it is, if they are to undertake His work. And no longer is an entreaty made to the Father, but He gives them the power with authority. For He breathed on them, and said, "Receive the Holy Spirit." "Whose sins you forgive, they are forgiven, and whose you retain, they are retained." For just as a king, sending out rulers, gives them authority both to cast into prison and to release; so also in sending these out, He invests them with this power. How then does He say, "Unless I go away, He will not come," and yet now He gives the Spirit? Some indeed say that He did not give the Spirit, but through the breathing made them fit for its reception. For if Daniel was beside himself upon seeing an angel, what would they not have suffered on receiving that ineffable grace, if He had not first prepared them as disciples? For this reason, he says, He did not say, "You have received the Holy Spirit," but, "Receive the Holy Spirit." But one would not be wrong in saying that they then also received a certain spiritual authority and grace; but not so as to raise the dead and perform mighty works, but so as to forgive sins; for the gifts of the Spirit are various. For this reason He added, "Whose you forgive, they are forgiven," showing what kind of power He gives. But there after forty days they received the power for signs; which is why He says, "You will receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you, and you will be my witnesses both in Jerusalem and in all Judea;" and they became witnesses through signs. For the grace of the Spirit is indeed ineffable and its gift is multifaceted. And this happens so that you may learn that the gift and authority of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit is one. For what seems to be proper to the Father, these things are shown to be also of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit. How then does He say, "No one comes to the Son unless the Father draws him"? But this is shown to be of the Son. "For I am," He says, "the way; no one comes to the Father except through Me." See that this is also of the Spirit. "For no one can say, 'Jesus Christ is Lord,' except in the Holy Spirit." And again, we see that the apostles were given to the Church sometimes by the Father, sometimes by the Son, and sometimes by the Holy Spirit, and that the distributions of the gifts are of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit. 4. Let us therefore do all things so that

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ἀθρόον. Μάλιστα μὲν καὶ ἡ γυνὴ προλαβοῦσα πολλὴν τὴν πίστιν εἰργάσατο· ἄλλως δὲ, καὶ τρανὴν καὶ ἥμερον τὴν ὄψιν αὐτοῖς ἐπέδειξεν. Ἡμέρας δὲ οὐκ ἐπέστη μὲν, ὡς συλλεγῆναι ἅπαντας ὁμοῦ· πολλὴ γὰρ ἦν ἡ ἔκπληξις. Οὐδὲ γὰρ τὴν θύραν ἐπάταξεν, ἀλλ' ἀθρόον ἔστη μέσος, καὶ ἐπέδειξε τὴν πλευρὰν καὶ τὰς χεῖρας. Ἅμα δὲ καὶ τῇ φωνῇ κατεστόρεσε κυμαίνοντα τὸν λογισμὸν, εἰπών· Εἰρήνη ὑμῖν· τουτέστι, Μὴ θορυβεῖσθε· καὶ ῥήματος ἀναμνήσας, ὃ πρὸ τοῦ σταυροῦ πρὸς αὐτοὺς εἶπεν· Εἰρήνην τὴν ἐμὴν ἀφίημι ὑμῖν· καὶ πάλιν, Ἐν ἐμοὶ εἰρήνην ἔχετε, ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ θλίψιν ἕξετε. Ἐχάρησαν δὲ οἱ μαθηταὶ ἰδόντες τὸν Κύριον. Ὁρᾷς ἐπὶ τῶν ἔργων τοὺς λόγους ἐκβαίνοντας; Ὃ γὰρ ἔλεγε πρὸ τοῦ σταυροῦ, ὅτι Πάλιν ὄψομαι ὑμᾶς, καὶ χαρήσεται ὑμῶν ἡ καρδία, καὶ τὴν χαρὰν ὑμῶν οὐδεὶς αἴρει ἀφ' ὑμῶν, τοῦτο νῦν ἔργῳ ἐπλήρωσεν. Ἅπαντα δὲ ταῦτα ἐνῆγεν αὐτοὺς εἰς πίστιν ἀκριβεστάτην. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ πόλεμον ἄσπονδον εἶχον πρὸς Ἰουδαίους, συνεχῶς ἐπιλέγει τὸ, Εἰρήνη ὑμῖν, ἀντίῤῥοπον διδοὺς τοῦ πολέμου τὴν παραμυθίαν. γʹ. Τοῦτο γοῦν πρῶτον μετὰ τὴν ἀνάστασιν εἶπε τὸ ῥῆμα (διὸ καὶ Παῦλος πανταχοῦ φησι, Χάρις ὑμῖν καὶ εἰρήνη)· ταῖς δὲ γυναιξὶ χαρὰν εὐαγγελίζεται, διότι ἐν λύπαις τὸ γένος ἐκεῖνο ἦν, καὶ ταύτην ἐδέξατο πρώτην χαράν. Καταλλήλως μὲν οὖν τοῖς ἀνδράσι, διὰ τὸν πόλεμον, εἰρήνην· ταῖς δὲ γυναιξὶ, διὰ τὴν λύπην, εὐαγγελίζεται χαράν. Πάντα δὲ καταλύσας τὰ λυπηρὰ, ἐπιλέγει τὰ κατορθώματα τοῦ σταυροῦ· ταῦτα δὲ ἦν ἡ εἰρήνη. Ἐπεὶ οὖν ἅπαντα ἀνῄρηται τὰ κωλύματα, καὶ τὴν νίκην κατέστησε λαμπρὰν, καὶ κατώρθωται πάντα· εἶτα λοιπόν φησι· Καθὼς ἀπέστειλέ με ὁ Πατὴρ, κἀγὼ πέμπω ὑμᾶς. Οὐδεμίαν ἔχετε δυσκολίαν ἀπό τε 59.471 τῶν ἤδη γεγενημένων, ἀπό τε τῆς ἀξίας ἐμοῦ τοῦ πέμποντος. Ἐνταῦθα ἐπαίρει αὐτῶν τὴν ψυχὴν, καὶ δείκνυσι πολὺ τὸ ἀξιόπιστον, εἴ γε μέλλοιεν αὐτοῦ τὸ ἔργον ἀναδέχεσθαι. Καὶ οὐκέτι παράκλησις πρὸς τὸν Πατέρα γίνεται, ἀλλ' αὐθεντίᾳ δίδωσιν αὐτοῖς τὴν δύναμιν. Ἐνεφύσησε γὰρ, καὶ εἶπε· Λάβετε Πνεῦμα ἅγιον. Ὧν ἀφῆτε τὰς ἁμαρτίας, ἀφέωνται, καὶ ὧν κρατῆτε, κεκράτηνται. Καθάπερ γάρ τις βασιλεὺς ἄρχοντας ἀποστέλλων, ἐξουσίαν εἰς δεσμωτήριον καὶ ἐμβαλεῖν, καὶ ἀφιέναι δίδωσιν· οὕτω καὶ τούτους ἐκπέμπων, ταύτῃ περιβάλλει τῇ δυνάμει. Πῶς οὖν φησιν· Ἐὰν μὴ ἀπέλθω, ἐκεῖνος οὐ μὴ ἔλθῃ, καὶ δὴ τὸ Πνεῦμα δίδωσι; Τινὲς μέν φασιν, ὅτι οὐ τὸ Πνεῦμα ἔδωκεν, ἀλλ' ἐπιτηδείους αὐτοὺς πρὸς ὑποδοχὴν δι' ἐμφυσήματος κατέστησεν. Εἰ γὰρ ἄγγελον ἰδὼν ὁ ∆ανιὴλ ἐξέστη, τί τὴν ἀπόῤῥητον χάριν ἐκείνην δεχόμενοι οὐκ ἂν ἔπαθον, εἰ μὴ μαθητὰς αὐτοὺς πρότερον κατεσκεύασε; ∆ιὰ τοῦτο οὐκ εἶπε, φησὶν, Ἐλάβετε Πνεῦμα ἅγιον· ἀλλὰ, Λάβετε Πνεῦμα ἅγιον. Οὐκ ἂν δέ τις ἁμάρτοι καὶ τότε εἰληφέναι αὐτοὺς λέγων ἐξουσίαν τινὰ πνευματικὴν καὶ χάριν· ἀλλ' οὐχ ὥστε νεκροὺς ἐγείρειν καὶ δυνάμεις ποιεῖν, ἀλλ' ὥστε ἀφεῖναι ἁμαρτήματα· διάφορα γὰρ τὰ χαρίσματα τοῦ Πνεύματος. ∆ιὸ ἐπήγαγεν· Ὧν ἂν ἀφῆτε, ἀφέωνται, δεικνὺς ποῖον εἶδος ἐνεργείας δίδωσιν. Ἐκεῖ δὲ μετὰ τεσσαράκοντα ἡμέρας τὴν τῶν σημείων ἔλαβον ἐνέργειαν· διό φησι· Λήψεσθε δύναμιν ἐπελθόντος τοῦ ἁγίου Πνεύματος ἐφ' ὑμᾶς, καὶ ἔσεσθέ μοι μάρτυρες ἔν τε Ἱερουσαλὴμ καὶ ἐν πάσῃ τῇ Ἰουδαίᾳ· μάρτυρες δὲ διὰ τῶν σημείων ἐγίνοντο. Καὶ γὰρ ἄφατος ἡ τοῦ Πνεύματος χάρις καὶ πολυειδὴς ἡ δωρεά. Τοῦτο δὲ γίνεται, ἵνα μάθῃς, ὅτι Πατρὸς καὶ Υἱοῦ καὶ Πνεύματος ἁγίου μία ἡ δωρεὰ καὶ ἐξουσία. Ἃ γὰρ δοκεῖ ἰδιάζοντα εἶναι τοῦ Πατρὸς, ταῦτα καὶ τοῦ Υἱοῦ εἶναι φαίνεται, καὶ τοῦ ἁγίου Πνεύματος. Πῶς οὖν οὐδεὶς ἔρχεται πρὸς τὸν Υἱὸν, φησὶν, Ἐὰν μὴ ὁ Πατὴρ ἑλκύσῃ αὐτόν; Ἀλλὰτοῦτο δείκνυται τοῦ Υἱοῦ ὄν. Ἐγὼ γάρ εἰμι, φησὶν, ἡ ὁδός· οὐδεὶς ἔρχεται πρὸς τὸν Πατέρα, εἰ μὴ δι' ἐμοῦ. Ὅρα δὲ αὐτὸ καὶ τοῦ Πνεύματος ὄν. Οὐδεὶς γὰρ δύναται εἰπεῖν Κύριον Ἰησοῦν Χριστὸν, εἰ μὴ ἐν Πνεύματι ἁγίῳ. Καὶ πάλιν, τοὺς ἀποστόλους ποτὲ μὲν ὑπὸ τοῦ Πατρὸς, ποτὲ δὲ ὑπὸ τοῦ Υἱοῦ, ποτὲ δὲ ὑπὸ τοῦ ἁγίου Πνεύματος δεδόσθαι τῇ Ἐκκλησίᾳ, καὶ τὰς διαιρέσεις τῶν χαρισμάτων Πατρὸς καὶ Υἱοῦ καὶ ἁγίου Πνεύματος ὁρῶμεν οὔσας. δʹ. Πάντα τοίνυν πράττωμεν ὥστε