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easily. But are there many who resist? But even these will be displaced and will give way. For if no one can bear a little colder frost when it becomes more severe, but all yield and give way to it; much more will all opposing things be displaced by His word and His command. For He is able to transpose substances, and to bring into being things that are not, and to increase them to such power, that these things become unbearable to all. He who declares his word to Jacob, his statutes and his judgments to Israel. Here one would not err in speaking of the spiritual Jacob, and of the Israel whom Paul also knows, saying, "Peace be upon you and upon the Israel of God;" to whom be glory for ever and ever. Amen.

TO THE 148TH PSALM. Praise the Lord from the heavens, praise him in the highest.

Praise him, all his angels. 1. It is a custom of this kind for the saints, on account of great gratitude, whenever they are about to give thanks to God, to call many to be partakers of the praise, and to exhort them to join in this good ministry with them. This the three youths also did, calling all creation to praise the benefaction on their behalf, and to the hymnody of God, when they were in the furnace. This he also does here, calling each world, the one above, the one below, the sensible, the intelligible. This also the prophet Isaiah, as when he says: Let the heavens be glad, 55.485 and let the earth rejoice, for God has had mercy on his people. And he himself again, when he says: When Israel went out of Egypt, the house of Jacob from a barbarous people, the mountains skipped like rams, and the hills like lambs of the flock. And elsewhere again Isaiah: Let the clouds rain down righteousness. For since they are not sufficient alone for the praise of the Master, they go about to get all as partakers of the hymnody. And this he especially does continually, as when he says, And let all the angels of God worship him. And again, Mighty in strength, doing his word. And he also constructs something else again from these things. What is that? That none of the more irrational should think there are two creators. For since creations are different, and are distinct from one another in their substances (for one is sensible, the other intelligible; one is visible, the other invisible; one is filled with bodies, the other is incorporeal), lest anyone from the difference of the works should introduce different creators, he establishes one chorus, leading up one melody to him from all, and saying that the same God must be praised by the creation above and by the creation below, showing from this also that the creator of both is one. And first he begins from above, saying: Praise him, all his angels; praise him, all his powers. Another, All his hosts; meaning the Cherubim, the Seraphim, the Dominions, the Principalities, the Authorities. This is of a soul greatly inflamed, this is of a fervent love, to stir up all to the praise of the one desired; this is of a mind continually delighting in the thought of God, being amazed, marveling at his glory, dedicated to him. Praise him, sun and moon; praise him, all you stars and light. Another, Stars of light. Praise him, you heavens of heavens; and the water that is above the heavens, let them praise the name of the Lord. For he spoke, and they were made; he commanded, and they were created. He has established them for ever, and for ever and ever. Another, He established them to remain eternally. He made a decree, and it shall not pass away. For what reason few things concerning the heavenly things

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εὐκόλως. Ἀλλὰ πολλοὶ οἱ ἀνθιστάμενοι; Ἀλλὰ καὶ οὗτοι ἐκστήσονται καὶ παραχωρήσουσιν. Εἰ γὰρ ψῦχος ὀλίγον σφοδρότερον γινόμενον οὐδεὶς ἐνεγκεῖν δύναται, ἀλλ' εἴκουσιν αὐτῷ πάντες καὶ παραχωροῦσι· πολλῷ μᾶλλον τῷ λόγῳ καὶ τῷ ἐπιτάγματι αὐτοῦ πάντα ἐκστήσεται τὰ ἐναντιούμενα. Καὶ γὰρ τὰς οὐσίας ἱκανὸς μεταθεῖναι, καὶ μὴ οὔσας παραγαγεῖν, καὶ εἰς τοσαύτην αὐξῆσαι δύναμιν, ὡς πᾶσι καὶ ἀνύποιστα ταῦτα γίνεσθαι. Ὁ ἀπαγγέλλων τὸν λόγον αὐτοῦ τῷ Ἰακὼβ, δικαιώματα καὶ κρίματα αὐτοῦ τῷ Ἰσραήλ. Ἐνταῦθα καὶ τὸν Ἰακὼβ οὐκ ἄν τις ἁμάρτοι τὸν πνευματικὸν εἰπὼν, καὶ τὸν Ἰσραὴλ, ὃν καὶ Παῦλος οἶδε λέγων, Εἰρήνη ὑμῖν καὶ ἐπὶ τὸν Ἰσραὴλ τοῦ Θεοῦ· ᾧ ἡ δόξα εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν.

ΕΙΣ ΤΟΝ ΡΜΗʹ ΨΑΛΜΟΝ. Αἰνεῖτε τὸν Κύριον ἐκ τῶν οὐρανῶν, αἰνεῖτε αὐτὸν ἐν τοῖς ὑψίστοις.

Αἰνεῖτε αὐτὸν, πάντες οἱ ἄγγελοι αὐτοῦ. αʹ. Ἔθος τοιοῦτον τοῖς ἁγίοις διὰ πολλὴν εὐγνωμοσύνην, ἐπειδὰν μέλλωσιν εὐχαριστεῖν τῷ Θεῷ, πολλοὺς καλεῖν κοινωνοὺς τῆς εὐφημίας, καὶ παρακαλεῖν συνεφάπτεσθαι τῆς καλῆς ταύτης λειτουργίας αὐτοῖς. Τοῦτο καὶ οἱ παῖδες οἱ τρεῖς πεποιήκασι, τὴν κτίσιν ἅπασαν, ἡνίκα ἦσαν ἐν τῇ καμίνῳ, πρὸς τὴν εὐφημίαν τῆς ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν εὐεργεσίας καλέσαντες καὶ πρὸς τὴν τοῦ Θεοῦ ὑμνῳδίαν. Τοῦτο καὶ οὗτος ἐνταῦθα ποιεῖ, ἑκάτερον τὸν κόσμον καλῶν, τὸν ἄνω, τὸν κάτω, τὸν αἰσθητὸν, τὸν νοητόν. Τοῦτο καὶ ὁ προφήτης Ἡσαΐας, ὡς ὅταν λέγῃ· Εὐφραινέσθωσαν οἱ οὐρα 55.485 νοὶ, καὶ ἀγαλλιάσθω ἡ γῆ, ὅτι ἠλέησεν ὁ Θεὸς τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ. Καὶ αὐτὸς δὲ οὗτος πάλιν, ὅταν λέγῃ· Ἐν ἐξόδῳ Ἰσραὴλ ἐξ Αἰγύπτου, οἴκου Ἰακὼβ ἐκ λαοῦ βαρβάρου, τὰ ὄρη ἐσκίρτησαν ὡσεὶ κριοὶ, καὶ οἱ βουνοὶ ὡς ἀρνία προβάτων. Καὶ ἀλλαχοῦ πάλιν ὁ Ἡσαΐας· Νεφέλαι ῥανάτωσαν δικαιοσύνην. Ἅτε γὰρ οὐκ ὄντες ἱκανοὶ μόνοι πρὸς τὴν εὐφημίαν τοῦ ∆εσπότου, περιέρχονται πάντας κοινωνοὺς λαβεῖν τῆς ὑμνῳδίας. Καὶ τοῦτο συνεχῶς μάλιστα οὗτος ποιεῖ, ὡς ὅταν λέγῃ, Καὶ προσκυνησάτωσαν αὐτῷ πάντες ἄγγελοι Θεοῦ. Καὶ πάλιν, ∆υνατοὶ ἰσχύϊ, ποιοῦντες τὸν λόγον αὐτοῦ. Καὶ ἕτερον δέ τι πάλιν ἐκ τούτων κατασκευάζει. Ποῖον δὴ τοῦτο; Τὸ μηδένα τῶν ἀλογωτέρων νομίσαι δύο δημιουργοὺς εἶναι. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ αἱ κτίσεις διάφοροι, καὶ διεστήκασιν ἀλλήλων ταῖς οὐσίαις ἡ μὲν γάρ ἐστιν αἰσθητὴ, ἡ δὲ νοητή· ἡ μὲν ὁρατὴ, ἡ δὲ ἀόρατος· ἡ μὲν σωμάτων ἐμπέπλησται, ἡ δέ ἐστιν ἀσώματος, ἵνα μή τις ἐκ τῆς διαφορᾶς τῶν ἔργων διαφόρους δημιουργοὺς ἐπεισαγάγῃ, ἕνα χορὸν ἵστησιν, ἐξ ἁπάντων μίαν ἀνάγων αὐτῷ τὴν μελῳδίαν, καὶ τὸν αὐτὸν λέγων δεῖν ὑπό τε τῆς ἄνω, ὑπό τε τῆς κάτω κτίσεως ἀνυμνεῖσθαι Θεὸν, δηλῶν καὶ ἐντεῦθεν, ὅτι εἷς ἑκατέρας ὁ δημιουργός. Καὶ πρότερον ἄνωθεν ἄρχεται, λέγων· Αἰνεῖτε αὐτὸν, πάντες οἱ ἄγγελοι αὐτοῦ· αἰνεῖτε αὐτὸν, πᾶσαι αἱ δυνάμεις αὐτοῦ. Ἕτερος, Πᾶσαι αἱ στρατιαὶ αὐτοῦ· τὰ Χερουβὶμ λέγων, τὰ Σεραφὶμ, τὰς Κυριότητας, τὰς Ἀρχὰς, τὰς Ἐξουσίας. Τοῦτο σφόδρα ἐκκαιομένης ψυχῆς, τοῦτο φίλτρου πεπυρωμένου, τὸ πάντας διεγείρειν πρὸς τὴν εὐφημίαν τοῦ ποθουμένου· τοῦτο συνεχῶς ἐντρυφώσης διανοίας τῇ περὶ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐννοίᾳ, ἐκπληττομένης, θαυμαζούσης τὴν δόξαν αὐτοῦ, ἀνακειμένης αὐτῷ. Αἰνεῖτε αὐτὸν, ἥλιος καὶ σελήνη· αἰνεῖτε αὐτὸν, πάντα τὰ ἄστρα καὶ τὸ φῶς. Ἕτερος, Ἀστέρες φωτός. Αἰνεῖτε αὐτὸν, οἱ οὐρανοὶ τῶν οὐρανῶν· καὶ τὸ ὕδωρ τὸ ὑπεράνω τῶν οὐρανῶν αἰνεσάτωσαν τὸ ὄνομα Κυρίου. Ὅτι αὐτὸς εἶπε, καὶ ἐγενήθησαν· αὐτὸς ἐνετείλατο, καὶ ἐκτίσθησαν. Ἔστησεν αὐτὰ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα, καὶ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα τοῦ αἰῶνος. Ἄλλος, Ἔστησεν αὐτὰ διαμένειν αἰωνίως. Πρόσταγμα ἔθετο, καὶ οὐ παρελεύσεται. Τίνος ἕνεκεν ὀλίγα περὶ τῶν οὐρανίων