478

introduces a king, but that one a bridegroom? So that you may learn how Christ is intimate with the virgins, who strip themselves of their possessions; for this is also virginity. Therefore Paul also sets this as the definition of the matter. The unmarried woman cares for the things of the Lord, he says; and, For that which is comely, and that you may attend upon the Lord without distraction. These things we advise, he says. But if the parable of the talents is set down differently in Luke, it must be said that this one is different, and that one is another. For in that one, from one principal sum different revenues were made; for from one mina one brought five, another ten, for which reason they did not receive the same rewards; but here it is the opposite, for which reason the crown is also equal. For he who received two, gave two, and he who had the five again likewise; but there, since from the same investment one made a greater revenue, and the other a lesser, it is reasonable that in the prizes they do not enjoy them equally. See how he does not everywhere demand an immediate account. For in the case of the vineyard he leased it to husbandmen, and went into a far country; and here he entrusted, and went into a far country, so that you may learn his long-suffering. But it seems to me that he says these things also alluding to the resurrection. But here it is no longer husbandmen and a vineyard, but all are workers. For he speaks not only to rulers, nor to Jews, but to all. And those who bring an increase confess gratefully both what is their own and what is the master's. And one says, Lord, you gave me five talents; and the other says, two; showing that from him they received the starting-point for their work, and they know great grace, and they reckon the whole to him. 58.714 What then says the master? Well done, good servant, he says (for this is the mark of a good man, to look to his neighbor), and faithful; you were faithful over a few things, I will set you over many things; enter into the joy of your lord; showing all blessedness through this saying. But not so that other one, but how? I knew that you are a hard man, reaping where you did not sow, and gathering from where you did not scatter; and being afraid I hid your talent; see, you have what is yours. What then says the master? You ought to have put my money to the bankers, that is to say, you should have spoken, exhorted, advised. But they are not persuaded? But this is not your concern. What could be more gentle than this? γʹ. For men do not act so, but they make the one who lent the money himself also responsible for the collection. But He does not act so; but, you ought to have deposited it, he says, and entrusted the collection to me. And I would have demanded it with interest; by interest meaning the demonstration of works from hearing. You ought to have done the easier part, and to have left the more difficult part to me. Since therefore he did not do this, Take, he says, the talent from him, and give it to him that has ten talents. For to him that has shall be given, and he shall have abundance; but from him that has not, even that which he has shall be taken away from him. What then is this? He who has the grace of speech and teaching for the purpose of profiting, and does not use it, will also lose the grace; but he who shows diligence will draw to himself a greater gift; just as therefore that man also loses what he received. But the loss for the idle man does not stop here, but the punishment is also unbearable, and with the punishment, the sentence is full of much accusation. For cast out the unprofitable servant, he says, into the outer darkness; there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth. Did you see how not only the one who seizes and is greedy, nor the one who does evil, but also the one who does not do good is punished with the ultimate punishment? Let us hear, therefore, these words. While there is time, let us take hold of our salvation, let us take oil into our lamps, let us work with the talent. For if we are slothful and spend our time here in idleness, no one will have mercy on us there hereafter, even if we lament ten thousand times. He who had the filthy garments also condemned himself, and it availed nothing. He with the one talent also gave back the deposit that was entrusted to him, and so was condemned. The virgins also called, and approached, and knocked, and all was in vain and for nothing. Knowing these things, therefore, let us bring in money, and diligence, and protection, and everything for the

478

βασιλέα εἰσάγει, ἐκείνη δὲ νυμφίον; Ἵνα μάθῃς πῶς οἰκείως ἔχει πρὸς τὰς παρθένους ὁ Χριστὸς, τὰς ἀποδυομένας τὰ ὄντα· τοῦτο γὰρ καὶ παρθενία. ∆ιὸ καὶ Παῦλος τοῦτον τίθησιν ὅρον τοῦ πράγματος. Ἡ ἄγαμος μεριμνᾷ τὰ τοῦ Κυρίου, φησί· καὶ, Πρὸς τὸ εὔσχημον καὶ εὐπάρεδρον τῷ Κυρίῳ ἀπερισπάστως. Ταῦτα παραινοῦμεν, φησίν. Εἰ δὲ ἐν τῷ Λουκᾷ ἑτέρως κεῖται ἡ τῶν ταλάντων παραβολὴ, ἐκεῖνο λεκτέον, ὅτι ἄλλη αὕτη, καὶ ἑτέρα ἐκείνη. Ἐν ἐκείνῃ μὲν γὰρ ἀπὸ ἑνὸς κεφαλαίου διάφοροι γεγόνασιν αἱ πρόσοδοι· ἀπὸ γὰρ μιᾶς μνᾶς ὁ μὲν πέντε, ὁ δὲ δέκα προσήνεγκαν, διὸ οὐδὲ τῶν αὐτῶν ἔτυχον· ἐνταῦθα δὲ τοὐναντίον, διὸ καὶ ὁ στέφανος ἴσος. Ὁ γὰρ δύο λαβὼν, δύο ἔδωκε, καὶ ὁ τὰ πέντε πάλιν ὁμοίως· ἐκεῖ δὲ, ἐπειδὴ ἐκ τῆς αὐτῆς ὑποθέσεως ὁ μὲν πλείονα, ὁ δὲ ἐλάττονα πρόσοδον ἐποιήσατο, εἰκότως καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἐπάθλοις οὐχ ὁμοίως ἀπολαύουσιν. Ὅρα δὲ αὐτὸν πανταχοῦ οὐκ εὐθέως ἀπαιτοῦντα. Καὶ γὰρ ἐπὶ τοῦ ἀμπελῶνος ἐξέδοτο γεωργοῖς, καὶ ἀπεδήμησε· καὶ ἐνταῦθα ἐνεπίστευσε, καὶ ἀπεδήμησεν, ἵνα μάθῃς αὐτοῦ τὴν μακροθυμίαν. Ἐμοὶ δὲ δοκεῖ καὶ τὴν ἀνάστασιν αἰνιττόμενος ταῦτα λέγειν. Ἀλλ' ἐνταῦθα οὐκέτι γεωργοὶ καὶ ἀμπελὼν, ἀλλὰ πάντες ἐργάται. Οὐ γὰρ πρὸς ἄρχοντας μόνον, οὐδὲ πρὸς Ἰουδαίους, ἀλλὰ πρὸς ἅπαντας διαλέγεται. Καὶ οἱ μὲν προσφέροντες ὁμολογοῦσιν εὐγνωμόνως καὶ τὰ αὐτῶν καὶ τὰ τοῦ δεσπότου. Καὶ ὁ μὲν λέγει, Κύριε, πέντε τάλαντά μοι ἔδωκας· ὁ δὲ λέγει, δύο· δεικνύντες ὅτι παρ' αὐτοῦ τὴν ἀφορμὴν ἔλαβον τῆς ἐργασίας, καὶ πολλὴν χάριν ἴσασι, καὶ τὸ πᾶν αὐτῷ 58.714 λογίζονται. Τί οὖν ὁ δεσπότης; Εὖ, δοῦλε ἀγαθὲ, φησὶ (τοῦτο γάρ ἐστιν ἀγαθοῦ, τὸ εἰς τὸν πλησίον ὁρᾷν), καὶ πιστέ· ἐπὶ ὀλίγα ἦς πιστὸς, ἐπὶ πολλῶν σε καταστήσω· εἴσελθε εἰς τὴν χαρὰν τοῦ κυρίου σου· τὴν πᾶσαν μακαριότητα διὰ τοῦ ῥήματος τούτου δεικνύς. Ἀλλ' οὐκ ἐκεῖνος οὕτως, ἀλλὰ πῶς; Ἤδειν ὅτι σκληρὸς εἶ ἄνθρωπος, θερίζων ὅπου οὐκ ἔσπειρας, καὶ συνάγων ὅθεν οὐ διεσκόρπισας· καὶ φοβηθεὶς ἔκρυψα τὸ τάλαντόν σου· ἴδε, ἔχεις τὸ σόν. Τί οὖν ὁ δεσπότης; Ἔδει σε βαλεῖν τὸ ἀργύριόν μου τοῖς τραπεζίταις, τουτέστιν, εἰπεῖν ἐχρῆν, παραινέσαι, συμβουλεῦσαι. Ἀλλ' οὐ πείθονται; Ἀλλ' οὐκ ἔστι τοῦτο πρὸς σέ. Τί τούτου γένοιτ' ἂν ἡμερώτερον; γʹ. Ἄνθρωποι μὲν γὰρ οὐχ οὕτω ποιοῦσιν, ἀλλ' αὐτὸν τὸν δανείσαντα, αὐτὸν καὶ ὑπεύθυνον τῆς ἀπαιτήσεως καθιστῶσιν. Αὐτὸς δὲ οὐχ οὕτως· ἀλλὰ, σὲ ἔδει καταβαλεῖν, φησὶ, καὶ τὴν ἀπαίτησιν ἐμοὶ ἐπιτρέψαι. Κἀγὼ μετὰ τόκου ἂν ἀπῄτησα· τόκον λέγων ἀκροάσεως τὴν τῶν ἔργων ἐπίδειξιν. Σὲ ἔδει τὸ εὐκολώτερον ποιῆσαι, ἐμοὶ δὲ τὸ δυσκολώτερον ἀφεῖναι. Ἐπεὶ οὖν τοῦτο οὐκ ἐποίησε, Λάβετε, φησὶν, ἀπ' αὐτοῦ τὸ τάλαντον, καὶ δότε τῷ τὰ δέκα τάλαντα ἔχοντι. Τῷ γὰρ ἔχοντι δοθήσεται, καὶ περισσευθήσεται· ἀπὸ δὲ τοῦ μὴ ἔχοντος, καὶ ὃ ἔχει, ἀρθήσεται ἀπ' αὐτοῦ. Τί δὴ τοῦτό ἐστιν; Ὁ χάριν λόγου καὶ διδασκαλίας εἰς τὸ ὠφελεῖν ἔχων, καὶ μὴ χρώμενος αὐτῇ, καὶ τὴν χάριν ἀπολεῖ· ὁ δὲ σπουδὴν παρεχόμενος, πλείονα ἐπισπάσεται τὴν δωρεάν· ὥσπερ οὖν ἐκεῖνος καὶ ὃ ἔλαβεν ἀπόλλυσιν. Ἀλλ' οὐ μέχρι τούτου ἡ ζημία τῷ ἀργοῦντι, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀφόρητος ἡ κόλασις, καὶ μετὰ τῆς κολάσεως ἡ ἀπόφασις πολλῆς γέμουσα τῆς κατηγορίας. Τὸν γὰρ ἀχρεῖον δοῦλον ἐκβάλετε, φησὶν, εἰς τὸ σκότος τὸ ἐξώτερον· ἐκεῖ ἔσται ὁ κλαυθμὸς καὶ ὁ βρυγμὸς τῶν ὀδόντων. Εἶδες πῶς οὐ μόνον ὁ ἁρπάζων καὶ πλεονεκτῶν, οὐδὲ ὁ κακὰ ἐργαζόμενος, ἀλλὰ καὶ ὁ ἀγαθὰ μὴ ποιῶν κολάζεται κόλασιν τὴν ἐσχάτην; Ἀκούσωμεν τοίνυν τῶν ῥημάτων τούτων. Ὡς ἔστι καιρὸς, ἀντιλαβώμεθα τῆς σωτηρίας τῆς ἡμετέρας, λάβωμεν ἔλαιον εἰς τὰς λαμπάδας, ἐργασώμεθα εἰς τὸ τάλαντον. Ἂν γὰρ ὀκνήσωμεν καὶ ἐν ἀργίᾳ διατρίβωμεν ἐνταῦθα, οὐδεὶς ἡμᾶς ἐλεήσει λοιπὸν ἐκεῖ, κἂν μυρία θρηνῶμεν. Κατέγνω ἑαυτοῦ καὶ ὁ τὰ ῥυπαρὰ ἱμάτια ἔχων, καὶ οὐδὲν ὠφέλησεν. Ἀπέδωκε καὶ ἣν ἐπιστεύθη παρακαταθήκην ὁ τὸ ἓν τάλαντον, καὶ οὕτω κατεκρίθη. Παρεκάλεσαν καὶ αἱ παρθένοι, καὶ προσῆλθον, καὶ ἔκρουσαν, καὶ πάντα εἰκῆ καὶ μάτην. Ταῦτ' οὖν εἰδότες, καὶ χρήματα, καὶ σπουδὴν, καὶ προστασίαν, καὶ πάντα εἰσενέγκωμεν εἰς τὴν