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to follow the life-giving and not the letter that kills; "for the spirit gives life," come now, let us also dare to discuss these things a little, not because it has not been said completely by those who spoke before us—for one would be mad, if he said this—nor because you need a teacher "for you yourselves are taught by God" but that "we may be made manifest in your consciences," that we are of those who desire "to impart to you a spiritual gift." Believe therefore that neither elsewhere in scripture nor in the present passage are the words of scripture contrary to each other, even if it seems to conflict to those who are not sound in faith or are weak in judgment, and that none of the examples in the world can be found which is sufficient in itself to represent clearly the nature of the only-begotten. And for this reason scripture uses many concepts and titles concerning the only-begotten, if somehow we might be able to comprehend through what is within our grasp that which is beyond us and through things known to imagine the unknown, gently and little by little advancing from the manifest things to the hidden. Since, therefore, it was necessary for those who believe in Christ to know that the Son is like the Father, since he is the "image" of the one "over all" who is "through all," through whom all things were created, both those in the heavens and those on the earth, but an image not as the lifeless of the living, nor as the operation of an art, nor as the result of an operation, but as the offspring of the one who begot, and that it is not right for the generation of the only-begotten before the ages to be characterized by human bodily generation, and as according to the paradigm of the wisdom that encompasses the human thoughts * of the Father, yet not without substance and not without existence, scripture used both words, that of creation and that of generation, both "he created" and "he begot," not so that contraries might seem to be said about the same things in the same way, but that through 3.307 "he created" his substantial and permanent nature, and through "he begot" it might represent the excellence and particularity of the only-begotten. "For I," he says, "came forth from the Father and have come." And the name of wisdom is sufficient to shut out every notion of passion. 32. But where are we being carried, not remembering the one who said, "O the depth of the riches and wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are his judgments and how inscrutable his ways!" For we have as a teacher the Spirit of truth, which the Lord gave us after his ascension into heaven "that we might know the things freely given to us by God," in which "we also speak, not in words taught by human wisdom, but in those taught by the Spirit, comparing spiritual things with spiritual," in whom we serve and worship, for whom we are dishonored, in whom prophets prophesied, in whom the righteous were guided, through whom we are brought to the Son. But why are we meddling in the things of nature? For are we not speaking "as to carnal men, and not as to spiritual"? For it was said of others that "we cannot speak to you as to spiritual men, but as to carnal." For there is a fear lest somehow from the contentiousness of the incomprehensible and the seeking of the unattainable we might fall into a pit of impiety; "And I said, I will be wise; and it was far from me, beyond what it was, and a deep depth, who will find it?" For let us remember the one who said, "we know in part and we prophesy in part, but when the perfect comes, the partial will be done away." "If anyone thinks he knows anything, he has not yet known as he ought to know." And for this reason there is a fear lest, forcing ourselves to speak about things we cannot speak of, we might no longer be permitted to speak even of things we can. For one must speak from faith, not believe from what is spoken. "For I believed," he says, "therefore I spoke." When therefore not being able to declare concerning our own origin, we meddle and attempt to contend about the generation of God, how is there not a fear, lest he who gives not only

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ζωοποιοῦντι ἀκολουθεῖν καὶ μὴ τῷ γράμματι τῷ ἀποκτένοντι· «τὸ γὰρ πνεῦμα ζωοποιεῖ», φέρε δή, τολμήσωμεν καὶ ἡμεῖς μικρὰ περὶ τούτων διαλαβεῖν, οὐχ ὅτι οὐκ ἐντελῶς εἴρηται τοῖς πρὸ ἡμῶν εἰρηκόσιν ἦ γὰρ ἂν μαίνοιτό τις, εἰ τοῦτο λέγοι οὐδὲ ὅτι χρῄζετε διδάσκοντος «αὐτοὶ γὰρ ὑμεῖς θεοδίδακτοί ἐστε» ἀλλ' ἵνα «φανερωθῶμεν ἐν ταῖς συνειδήσεσιν ὑμῶν», ὅτι τῶν ἐπιθυμούντων ἐσμὲν «χαρίσματος ὑμῖν μεταδοῦναι πνευματικοῦ». Πίστευσον οὖν ὅτι οὔτε ἀλλαχοῦ τῆς γραφῆς οὔτε ἐπὶ τοῦ παρόντος χωρίου ἐναντία τὰ ῥήματα τῆς γραφῆς ἀλλήλοις ἐστί, κἂν μάχεσθαι δοκῇ παρὰ τοῖς τῇ πίστει μὴ ὑγιαίνουσιν ἤτοι ἀσθενοῦσι τῇ γνώμῃ, καὶ ὡς οὐδὲν τῶν κατὰ τὸν κόσμον παραδειγμάτων οἷόν τέ ἐστιν εὑρεθῆναι, ὅπερ ἐξαρκεῖ καθ' ἑαυτὸ σαφῶς παραστῆσαι τοῦ μονογενοῦς τὴν φύσιν. καὶ διὰ τοῦτο ἡ γραφὴ πολλαῖς ἐπινοίαις περὶ τοῦ μονογενοῦς καὶ ἐπωνυμίαις κέχρηται, εἴ πως δυνηθείημεν διὰ τῶν καθ' ἡμᾶς τὸ ὑπὲρ ἡμᾶς καταλαβεῖν καὶ διὰ τῶν γινωσκομένων φαντασθῆναι τὰ ἀγνοούμενα, ἠρέμα καὶ κατὰ μικρὸν ἀπὸ τῶν φανερῶν πρὸς τὰ κεκρυμμένα προβιβαζόμενοι. ἐπεὶ τοίνυν ἔδει εἰδέναι τοὺς πιστεύοντας εἰς Χριστόν, ὡς ὅμοιός ἐστιν ὁ υἱὸς τῷ πατρί, ἅτε δὴ «εἰκὼν» ὑπάρχων τοῦ «ἐπὶ πάντων» ὁ «διὰ πάντων», δι' οὗ τὰ πάντα δεδημιούργηται τά τε ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς καὶ τὰ ἐπὶ γῆς, εἰκὼν δὲ οὐχ ὡς ἄψυχον ἐμψύχου οὐδ' ὡς ἐνέργεια τέχνης οὐδ' ὡς ἀποτέλεσμα ἐνεργείας, ἀλλὰ ὡς γέννημα τοῦ γεννήσαντος, καὶ ὅτι οὐ θέμις ἐστὶ ἀπὸ τῆς σωματικῆς ἀνθρωπίνης γεννήσεως τὴν τοῦ μονογενοῦς γέννησιν τὴν πρὸ τῶν αἰώνων χαρακτηρίζεσθαι, καὶ ὡς κατὰ τὸ παράδειγμα τῆς σοφίας τῆς περιεκτικῆς τῶν ἀνθρωπίνων ἐνθυμημάτων * τοῦ πατρός, οὐ μὴν ἀνυπόστατός τε καὶ ἀνύπαρκτος, ἑκατέραις ταῖς λέξεσιν ἐχρήσατο ἡ γραφή, τῆς τε κτίσεως καὶ τῇ τῆς γεννήσεως, τῇ τε τοῦ ἔκτισε καὶ τοῦ ἐγέννησεν, οὐχ ἵνα τὰ ἐναντία δοκῇ καὶ κατὰ τὸ αὐτὸ περὶ τῶν αὐτῶν λέγεσθαι, ἀλλ' ἵνα διὰ μὲν 3.307 τοῦ ἔκτισε τὸ ἐνυπόστατόν τε καὶ μόνιμον, διὰ δὲ τοῦ ἐγέννησε τὸ ἐξαίρετον τοῦ μονογενοῦς καὶ ἰδιάζον παριστᾷ. «ἐγώ, γάρ φησιν, ἐκ τοῦ πατρὸς ἐξῆλθον καὶ ἥκω». ἱκανὸν δέ ἐστι καὶ τὸ τῆς σοφίας ὄνομα πᾶσαν ἔννοιαν πάθους ἀποκλεῖσαι. 32. Ἀλλὰ ποῖ φερόμεθα μὴ μνημονεύοντες τοῦ εἰπόντος «ὦ βάθος πλούτου καὶ σοφίας καὶ γνώσεως θεοῦ, ὡς ἀνεξερεύνητα τὰ κρίματα αὐτοῦ καὶ ἀνεξιχνίαστοι αἱ ὁδοὶ αὐτοῦ». ἔχομεν γὰρ διδάσκαλον τὸ πνεῦμα τῆς ἀληθείας, ὃ ἔδωκεν ἡμῖν ὁ κύριος μετὰ τὴν εἰς οὐρανοὺς ἀνάληψιν «ἵνα εἰδῶμεν τὰ ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ χαρισθέντα ἡμῖν», ἐν ᾧ «καὶ λαλοῦμεν, οὐκ ἐν διδακτοῖς ἀνθρωπίνης σοφίας λόγοις, ἀλλ' ἐν διδακτοῖς τοῦ πνεύματος, πνευματικοῖς πνευματικὰ συγκρίνοντες», ἐν ᾧ λατρεύομεν καὶ προσκυνοῦμεν, δι' ὃ ἀτιμαζόμεθα, ἐν ᾧ προφῆται προεφήτευσαν, ἐν ᾧ δίκαιοι ὡδηγήθησαν, δι' οὗ προσαγόμεθα τῷ υἱῷ. ἀλλὰ τί πολυπραγμονοῦμεν τὰ τῆς φύσεως; μὴ γὰρ «ὡς σαρκικοῖς, ἀλλ' οὐχ ὡς πνευματικοῖς» διαλεγόμεθα; ἐπ' ἄλλων γὰρ εἴρηται ὅτι «οὐ δυνάμεθα ὑμῖν λαλῆσαι ὡς πνευματικοῖς, ἀλλ' ὡς σαρκικοῖς». δέος γάρ ἐστι μή πως ἐκ τῆς τῶν ἀκαταλήπτων φιλονεικίας καὶ τῆς τῶν ἀνεφίκτων ζητήσεως εἰς βυθὸν ἀσεβείας ἐμπέσωμεν· «καὶ εἶπα, σοφισθήσομαι, καὶ αὐτὴ ἐμακρύνθη ἀπ' ἐμοῦ ὑπὲρ ὃ ἦν, καὶ βαθὺ βάθος, τίς εὑρήσει αὐτήν;» μνημονεύσωμεν γὰρ τοῦ εἰπόντος, «ἐκ μέρους γινώσκομεν καὶ ἐκ μέρους προφητεύομεν, ὅταν δὲ ἔλθῃ τὸ τέλειον, τότε τὸ ἐκ μέρους καταργηθήσεται». «εἴ τις δοκεῖ γινώσκειν, οὔπω ἔγνω καθὼς δεῖ γνῶναι». καὶ διὰ τοῦτο δέος ἐστὶ μή πως βιαζόμενοι λέγειν περὶ ὧν οὐ δυνάμεθα λέγειν, μηκέτι συγχωρηθῶμεν μηδὲ περὶ ὧν δυνάμεθα. ἐκ πίστεως γὰρ δεῖ λαλεῖν, οὐκ ἐκ τῶν λαλουμένων πιστεύειν. «ἐπίστευσα, γάρ φησι, διὸ ἐλάλησα». ὅταν οὖν τὸ μὲν περὶ τῆς οἰκείας γενέσεως μὴ δυνάμενοι ἀποφαίνεσθαι, περιεργαζώμεθα καὶ φιλονεικεῖν ἐπιχειρῶμεν περὶ τῆς τοῦ θεοῦ γεννήσεως, πῶς οὐ δέος ἐστί, μή πως ὁ διδοὺς οὐ μόνον