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out of need He ate and drank after the resurrection; for His body no longer had need of these things; but for the full assurance of the resurrection. And for what reason did He not drink water when He had risen, but wine? To pluck up by the roots another wicked heresy. For since there are some who use water in the mysteries, He shows that both when He delivered the mysteries, He delivered wine, and when, having risen, He set forth a simple table without mysteries, He used wine, From the fruit, He says, of the vine. But a vine produces wine, not water. And when they had sung a hymn, they went out to the Mount of Olives. Let them hear, as many as, eating like swine, simply kick the physical table and rise up with drunkenness, when they ought to give thanks and to end with a hymn. Hear, as many of you as do not wait again for the final prayer of the mysteries; for this is a symbol of that one. He gave thanks before giving to the disciples, that we also might give thanks. He gave thanks and sang a hymn after giving, that we also might do this very thing. But why does He go out to the mountain? Making Himself manifest to be taken, that He might not seem to be hiding. For He was hastening to come to the place that was also known to Judas. Then He says to them: You will all be offended because of Me. Then He also speaks a prophecy: For it is written: I will strike the shepherd, and the sheep will be scattered; at once persuading them to always pay attention to the things written, and at the same time declaring that He was crucified according to the will of God, and from every side showing Himself not to be a stranger to the Old Testament, nor to the God proclaimed in it, and that what was happening was a dispensation, and that the prophets from of old had proclaimed all the things in this matter, so that they might be very confident also concerning the better things. And He teaches them to know who the disciples were before the cross, and who they were after the cross. For indeed, those who could not even stand when He was being crucified, these after His death were vehement and stronger than adamant. And this very thing is a proof of His death, the flight of the disciples and their cowardice. For if so many things both happened and were said, and some are shameless and say that He was not crucified; if none of these things had happened, to what degree of transgression would they not have fallen? For this reason, not only through His own sufferings, but also through what happened to the disciples, He confirms the account of His death, and through the mysteries, putting to shame from all sides those who are sick with the doctrines of Marcion. For this reason also He allows the chief one to deny Him. But if He was not bound, nor crucified, from whence came such great fear to him and to the rest? However, He did not again leave them to remain in their sorrow, but what does He say? But after I have been raised, I will go before you into Galilee. For neither does He appear immediately from heaven, nor does He go away to some distant land, but in the same nation in which He was also crucified, almost in the same places, so that from this also they might be assured that it was He Himself who was crucified and who rose, and in this way to comfort them more greatly as they were grieving. For this reason also, He said, In Galilee, that being delivered from the fear of the Jews, they might believe what was said. Therefore He also appeared there. But Peter answered and said: Though all will be offended because of you, yet I will never be offended. 58.741 3. What do you say, O Peter? the prophet said, that The sheep will be scattered; Christ confirmed what was said; and you say, No? Is it not enough what happened before, when you said, God forbid, and you were silenced? For this reason, therefore, He allows him to fall, teaching him from this to obey Christ in all things, and to consider His declaration more trustworthy than his own conscience. And the rest also gained no small fruit from his denial, having understood human weakness, and the truth of God. For when He has foretold something, one must no longer use sophistry, nor rise up against the many. For your boasting, it says, you will have in yourself, and not in another. For he ought to have prayed and said, Help us, that we may not be separated, but he trusts in himself, and says: Even if all shall be offended because of you, yet I never will; even if all suffer this, he says,

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χρείαν μετὰ τὴν ἀνάστασιν ἔφαγέ τε καὶ ἔπιεν· οὐδὲ γὰρ ἐδεῖτο λοιπὸν τὸ σῶμα τούτων· ἀλλὰ δι' ἀναστάσεως πληροφορίαν. Καὶ τίνος ἕνεκεν οὐχ ὕδωρ ἔπιεν ἀναστὰς, ἀλλ' οἶνον; Ἄλλην αἵρεσιν πονηρὰν πρόῤῥιζον ἀνασπῶν. Ἐπειδὴ γάρ εἰσί τινες ἐν τοῖς μυστηρίοις ὕδατι κεχρημένοι, δεικνὺς ὅτι καὶ ἡνίκα τὰ μυστήρια παρέδωκεν, οἶνον παρέδωκε, καὶ ἡνίκα ἀναστὰς χωρὶς μυστηρίων ψιλὴν τράπεζαν παρετίθετο, οἴνῳ ἐκέχρητο, Ἐκ τοῦ γεννήματος, φησὶ, τῆς ἀμπέλου. Ἄμπελος δὲ οἶνον, οὐχ ὕδωρ γεννᾷ. Καὶ ὑμνήσαντες, ἐξῆλθον εἰς τὸ ὄρος τῶν Ἐλαιῶν. Ἀκουέτωσαν ὅσοι καθάπερ χοῖροι ἐσθίοντες ἁπλῶς λακτίζουσι τὴν τράπεζαν τὴν αἰσθητὴν, καὶ ἀνίστανται μετὰ μέθης, δέον εὐχαριστεῖν καὶ εἰς ὕμνον τελευτᾷν. Ἀκούσατε ὅσοι τὴν τελευταίαν πάλιν εὐχὴν οὐκ ἀναμένετε τῶν μυστηρίων· αὕτη γὰρ ἐκείνης σύμβολον. Εὐχαρίστησε πρὸ τοῦ δοῦναι τοῖς μαθηταῖς, ἵνα καὶ ἡμεῖς εὐχαριστῶμεν. Εὐχαρίστησε καὶ ὕμνησε μετὰ τὸ δοῦναι, ἵνα καὶ ἡμεῖς αὐτὸ τοῦτο ποιῶμεν. Τί δήποτε δὲ εἰς τὸ ὄρος ἐξέρχεται; ∆ῆλον ἑαυτὸν ποιῶν πρὸς τὸ ληφθῆναι, ἵνα μὴ δόξῃ κρύπτεσθαι. Ἔσπευδε γὰρ ἐπὶ τὸν τόπον ἐλθεῖν, τὸν καὶ Ἰούδᾳ γνώριμον. Τότε λέγει αὐτοῖς· Πάντες ὑμεῖς σκανδαλισθήσεσθε ἐν ἐμοί. Εἶτα λέγει καὶ προφητείαν· Γέγραπται γάρ· Πατάξω τὸν ποιμένα, καὶ διασκορπισθήσεται τὰ πρόβατα· ὁμοῦ μὲν πείθων αὐτοὺς ἀεὶ προσέχειν τοῖς γεγραμμένοις, ὁμοῦ δὲ δηλῶν ὅτι κατὰ Θεοῦ γνώμην ἐσταυροῦτο, καὶ πανταχόθεν δεικνὺς οὐκ ἀλλότριον ὄντα ἑαυτὸν τῆς Παλαιᾶς, οὐδὲ τοῦ ἐν αὐτῇ καταγγελλομένου Θεοῦ, καὶ ὅτι οἰκονομία τὸ γινόμενον ἦν, καὶ πάντα προανεκήρυξαν οἱ προφῆται ἄνωθεν τὰ ἐν τῷ πράγματι, ὥστε αὐτοὺς καὶ περὶ τῶν χρηστοτέρων σφόδρα θαῤῥεῖν. Καὶ διδάσκει εἰδέναι, τίνες μὲν πρὸ τοῦ σταυροῦ οἱ μαθηταὶ, τίνες δὲ μετὰ τὸν σταυρόν. Καὶ γὰρ οἱ σταυρουμένου μηδὲ στῆναι δυνάμενοι, οὗτοι μετὰ θάνατον σφοδροὶ καὶ ἀδάμαντος ἰσχυρότεροι. Καὶ τοῦτο δὲ αὐτὸ ἀπόδειξις τοῦ θανάτου, ἡ φυγὴ τῶν μαθητῶν καὶ ἡ δειλία. Εἰ γὰρ τοσαῦτα γέγονέ τε καὶ ἐλέχθη, καὶ ἀναισχυντοῦσί τινες, καί φασιν αὐτὸν μὴ ἐσταυρῶσθαι· εἰ μηδὲν τούτων συνέβη, ποῦ οὐκ ἂν ἐξέπεσον παρανομίας; ∆ιά τοι τοῦτο οὐχὶ διὰ τῶν οἰκείων παθῶν μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ διὰ τῶν ἐν τοῖς μαθηταῖς βεβαιοῖ τὸν περὶ τοῦ θανάτου λόγον, καὶ διὰ τῶν μυστηρίων, πάντοθεν καταισχύνων τοὺς τὰ Μαρκίωνος νοσοῦντας. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο καὶ τὸν κορυφαῖον ἀφίησιν ἀρνήσασθαι. Εἰ δὲ μὴ ἐδέθη, μηδὲ ἐσταυρώθη, πόθεν καὶ ἐκείνῳ καὶ τοῖς λοιποῖς τοσοῦτος ἐγένετο φόβος; Οὐ μὴν ἀφῆκεν αὐτοὺς πάλιν μέχρι τῶν σκυθρωπῶν μεῖναι, ἀλλὰ τί φησι; Μετὰ δὲ τὸ ἐγερθῆναί με, προάξω ὑμᾶς εἰς τὴν Γαλιλαίαν. Οὐδὲ γὰρ ἀπὸ οὐρανοῦ φαίνεται εὐθέως, οὐδὲ εἰς μακράν τινα χώραν ἄπεισιν, ἀλλ' ἐν αὐτῷ τῷ ἔθνει, ἐν ᾧ καὶ ἐσταυρώθη, ἐν αὐτοῖς σχεδὸν τοῖς χωρίοις, ὥστε καὶ ἐντεῦθεν αὐτοὺς πιστώσασθαι, ὅτι ὁ σταυρωθεὶς αὐτὸς ἦν καὶ ὁ ἀναστὰς, καὶ ταύτῃ σκυθρωπάζοντας μειζόνως παραμυθήσασθαι. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο καὶ, Ἐν τῇ Γαλιλαίᾳ, εἶπεν, ἵνα τοῦ φόβου τῶν Ἰουδαίων ἀπαλλαγέντες, πιστεύσωσι τῷ λεγομένῳ. ∆ιὸ καὶ ἐκεῖ ἐφάνη. Ἀποκριθεὶς δὲ ὁ Πέτρος εἶπεν· Εἰ καὶ πάντες σκανδαλισθήσονται ἐν σοὶ, ἀλλ' ἐγὼ οὐδέποτε σκανδαλισθήσομαι. 58.741 γʹ. Τί φῂς, ὦ Πέτρε; ὁ προφήτης εἶπεν, ὅτι Σκορπισθήσεται τὰ πρόβατα· ὁ Χριστὸς ἐβεβαίωσε τὸ εἰρημένον· καὶ σὺ λέγεις, οὐχί; Οὐκ ἀρκεῖ τὰ πρότερα, ὅτε εἶπες, Ἵλεώς σοι, καὶ ἐπεστομίσθης; ∆ιὰ τοῦτο τοίνυν ἀφίησιν αὐτὸν πεσεῖν, παιδεύων αὐτὸν ἐντεῦθεν πάντα πείθεσθαι τῷ Χριστῷ, καὶ τῆς οἰκείας συνειδήσεως πιστοτέραν ἡγεῖσθαι τὴν ἀπόφασιν τὴν αὐτοῦ. Καὶ οἱ λοιποὶ δὲ οὐ μικρὸν ἐκαρπώσαντο ἀπὸ τῆς ἀρνήσεως τῆς αὐτοῦ, τὴν ἀνθρωπίνην ἀσθένειαν κατανοήσαντες, καὶ τὴν τοῦ Θεοῦ ἀλήθειαν. Ὅταν γὰρ αὐτός τι προείπῃ, οὐκέτι σοφίζεσθαι χρὴ, οὐδὲ τῶν πολλῶν κατεξανίστασθαι. Τὸ γὰρ καύχημα, φησὶν, εἰς ἑαυτὸν ἕξεις, καὶ οὐκ εἰς τὸν ἕτερον. ∆έον γὰρ δεηθῆναι καὶ εἰπεῖν, Βοήθησον ἡμῖν, ὥστε μὴ ἀποσχισθῆναι, ὁ δὲ ἑαυτῷ θαῤῥεῖ, καί φησι· Καὶ εἰ πάντες σκανδαλισθήσονται ἐν σοὶ, ἀλλ' ἐγὼ οὐδέποτε· κἂν πάντες τοῦτο πάθωσι, φησὶν,