526

if he is suspected of the opposite, he will gain nothing from this, but will even have a greater judgment, and will fall into greater indolence. For one who is such a person and is suspected, might be humbled and acknowledge his sins; but when he escapes notice, he falls into insensibility. For if when all men accuse them, sinners are with difficulty aroused to compunction; when not only do they not accuse, but some even praise them, when will those who live with wickedness be able to see clearly? Do you not hear that Paul also brings this charge, that the Corinthians not only did not allow the one who had committed fornication to recognize his own sin, by applauding and honoring him, but even wore him down into wickedness by this? Therefore I entreat you, letting go of the suspicions of the many, and the insults and the honors, let us be zealous for one thing only, to be conscious of no evil in ourselves, nor to insult ourselves. For thus both here and in the age to come we shall enjoy much glory; which may we all attain, by the grace and love for mankind of our Lord Jesus Christ, to whom be glory for ever and ever. Amen.

58.775 HOMILY 88. Now from the sixth hour there was darkness over all the land until the ninth hour. And about the ninth hour Jesus cried out with a loud voice, and said, Eli, Eli, lima sabachthani? That is, My God, My God, why have you forsaken me? And some of those standing there, when they heard it, said, This man is calling for Elias. And immediately one of them ran and took a sponge, filled it with vinegar, and put it on a reed,

and gave it to him to drink. 1. This is the sign, which He before promised to give to those who asked, saying;

An evil and adulterous generation seeks for a sign, and no sign will be given to it except the sign of Jonah the prophet; meaning the cross and the death, and the tomb and the resurrection. And again another, declaring the power of the cross, said: When you have lifted up the Son of Man, then you will know that I am he. What He says is something like this: When you crucify Me and think you have prevailed over Me, then most of all you will know My strength. For after the crucifixion the city was destroyed, the Jewish rites ceased, they fell from their polity and their freedom, the preaching flourished, the word was extended to the ends of the world; and land and sea, and the inhabited and the uninhabited world, continually proclaim his power. He says these things, therefore, and what happened at the very time of the cross. For it was much more wonderful for these things to happen while he was nailed to the cross, than while he was walking on the earth. And not in this way only was the marvel, but that it also came from heaven, which they were seeking; and over the whole world, which had never happened before, except only in Egypt, when the Passover was about to be celebrated. For those things were a type of these. And consider when it happens. In the middle of the day, so that all who inhabit the earth might learn; when it was day everywhere in the world; which was sufficient to convert them, not by the greatness of the miracle, but also by its happening at the right time. For after all the acts of drunken violence, and of the lawless mockery, this happens, when they had let go of their anger, when they had rested from their laughter, when they had had their fill of jeers, and had uttered everything they wished; then He shows the darkness, so that even so, having let go of their anger, they might profit from the miracle. For this was more wonderful than His coming down from the cross, that while on the cross He worked these things. For whether they thought that He Himself had done them, they ought to have believed and been afraid; or if not He, but the Father, they ought to have been pricked to the heart by these things; for that darkness was a sign of Him being angry at the things being dared. For that it was not an eclipse, but anger and indignation, was clear not only from this, but

526

ἂν ἐπὶ τοῖς ἐναντίοις ὑποπτεύηται, οὐδὲν ἐντεῦθεν κερδανεῖ, ἀλλὰ καὶ κρίμα ἕξει μεῖζον, καὶ εἰς πλείονα ἥξει ῥᾳθυμίαν. Ὁ μὲν γὰρ ὢν τοιοῦτος καὶ ὑποπτευόμενος, κἂν ταπεινωθείη καὶ ἐπιγνοίη τὰ ἁμαρτήματα αὐτοῦ· ὅταν δὲ λανθάνῃ, εἰς ἀναλγησίαν ἐκπίπτει. Εἰ γὰρ πάντων κατηγορούντων μόλις διανίστανται οἱ πλημμελοῦντες εἰς τὸ κατανύττεσθαι· ὅταν μὴ μόνον μὴ κατηγορῶσιν, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐπαινῶσί τινες αὐτοὺς, πότε διαβλέψαι δυνήσονται οἱ τῇ κακίᾳ συζῶντες; Οὐκ ἀκούεις, ὅτι καὶ Παῦλος τοῦτο ἐγκαλεῖ, ὅτι τὸν πεπορνευκότα οὐ μόνον οὐκ ἠφίεσαν ἐπιγνῶναι τὸ οἰκεῖον ἁμάρτημα Κορίνθιοι, κροτοῦντες, τιμῶντες αὐτὸν, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐπέτριβον εἰς κακίαν ἐντεῦθεν; ∆ιὸ παρακαλῶ, τὰς τῶν πολλῶν ὑπονοίας ἀφέντες, καὶ τὰς ὕβρεις καὶ τὰς τιμὰς, ἓν σπουδάζωμεν μόνον, τὸ μηδὲν ἑαυτοῖς συνειδέναι πονηρὸν, μηδὲ ἑαυτοὺς καθυβρίζειν. Οὕτω γὰρ καὶ ἐνταῦθα καὶ ἐν τῷ μέλλοντι πολλῆς ἀπολαυσόμεθα δόξης· ἧς γένοιτο πάντας ἡμᾶς ἐπιτυχεῖν, χάριτι καὶ φιλανθρωπίᾳ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, ᾧ ἡ δόξα εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν.

58.775 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΠΗʹ. Ἀπὸ δὲ ἕκτης ὥρας σκότος ἐγένετο ἐπὶ πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν ἕως ὥρας ἐνάτης. Περὶ δὲ τὴν ἐνάτην ὥραν ἔκραξεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς φωνῇ μεγάλῃ, καὶ εἶπεν· Ἠλὶ, Ἠλὶ, λιμὰ σαβαχθανί; τουτέστι, Θεέ μου, Θεέ μου, ἱνατί με ἐγκατέλιπες; Τινὲς δὲ τῶν ἐκεῖ ἑστώτων ἀκούσαντες ἔλεγον, ὅτι Ἠλίαν φωνεῖ οὗτος. Καὶ εὐθέως δραμὼν εἷς ἐξ αὐτῶν, καὶ λαβὼν σπόγγον, πλήσας τε ὄξους, καὶ περιθεὶς καλάμῳ,

ἐπότιζεν αὐτόν. αʹ. Τοῦτό ἐστι τὸ σημεῖον, ὅπερ ἔμπροσθεν αἰτοῦσιν ὑπέσχετο δώσειν, λέγων·

Γενεὰ πονηρὰ καὶ μοιχαλὶς σημεῖον ἐπιζητεῖ, καὶ σημεῖον οὐ δοθήσεται αὐτῇ, εἰ μὴ τὸ σημεῖον Ἰωνᾶ τοῦ προφήτου· τὸν σταυρὸν λέγων καὶ τὸν θάνατον, καὶ τὸν τάφον καὶ τὴν ἀνάστασιν. Καὶ πάλιν ἕτερος δηλῶν τοῦ σταυροῦ τὴν ἰσχὺν ἔλεγεν· Ὅταν ὑψώσητε τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ ἀνθρώπου, τότε γνώσεσθε ὅτι ἐγώ εἰμι. Ὃ δὲ λέγει, τοιοῦτόν ἐστιν· Ὅταν σταυρώσητέ με καὶ νομίσητε περιγεγενῆσθαί μου, τότε μάλιστα εἴσεσθέ μου τὴν ἰσχύν. Μετὰ γὰρ τὸ σταυρωθῆναι ἡ πόλις ἀπώλετο, τὰ Ἰουδαϊκὰ ἐπαύσατο, τῆς πολιτείας καὶ τῆς ἐλευθερίας ἐξέπεσον τῆς ἑαυτῶν, τὸ κήρυγμα ἤνθησε, πρὸς τὰ πέρατα τῆς οἰκουμένης ἐξετάθη ὁ λόγος· καὶ γῆ καὶ θάλαττα, καὶ ἡ οἰκουμένη καὶ ἡ ἀοίκητος τὴν δύναμιν αὐτοῦ διαπαντὸς ἀνακηρύττουσι. Ταῦτά τε οὖν φησι, καὶ τὰ παρ' αὐτὸν τὸν καιρὸν τοῦ σταυροῦ συμβάντα. Καὶ γὰρ πολλῷ θαυμαστότερον ἐπὶ τοῦ σταυροῦ προσηλωμένου ταῦτα γίνεσθαι, ἢ βαδίζοντος ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς. Οὐ ταύτῃ δὲ μόνον τὸ παράδοξον ἦν, ἀλλ' ὅτι καὶ ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ γέγονεν, ὅπερ ἐζήτουν· καὶ ἐπὶ πᾶσαν τὴν οἰκουμένην, ὅπερ οὐδέποτε πρότερον συνέβη, ἀλλ' ἢ ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ μόνον, ὅτε τὸ πάσχα τελεῖσθαι ἔμελλε. Καὶ γὰρ ἐκεῖνα τούτων τύπος ἦν. Καὶ σκόπει πότε γίνεται. Ἐν μέσῃ ἡμέρᾳ, ἵνα πάντες οἱ τὴν γῆν οἰκοῦντες μάθωσιν· ὅτε πανταχοῦ τῆς οἰκουμένης ἡμέρα ἦν· ὅπερ ἱκανὸν ἦν αὐτοὺς ἐπιστρέψαι, οὐ τῷ μεγέθει τοῦ θαύματος, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῷ εὐκαίρως συμβῆναι. Μετὰ γὰρ πάντα τὰ τῆς παροινίας, καὶ τῆς παρανόμου κωμῳδίας, τοῦτο γίνεται, ὅτε τὸν θυμὸν εἴασαν, ὅτε ἀνεπαύσαντο γελῶντες, ὅτε κόρον ἔλαβον τῶν σκωμμάτων, καὶ πάντα ἐφθέγξαντο ἅπερ ἠθέλησαν· τότε δείκνυσι τὸ σκότος, ἵνα κἂν οὕτω τὴν ὀργὴν ἀφέντες κερδάνωσιν ἀπὸ τοῦ θαύματος. Τοῦ γὰρ καταβῆναι ἀπὸ τοῦ σταυροῦ τοῦτο θαυμαστότερον ἦν, τὸ ὄντα ἐν τῷ σταυρῷ ταῦτα ἐνεργεῖν. Εἴτε γὰρ αὐτὸν αὐτὰ ἐνόμιζον πεποιηκέναι, ἔδει πιστεῦσαι καὶ φοβηθῆναι· εἴτε οὐκ αὐτὸν, ἀλλὰ τὸν Πατέρα, καὶ ἐκ τούτων ἔδει κατανυγῆναι· ὀργιζομένου γὰρ ἦν ἐπὶ τοῖς τολμωμένοις τὸ σκότος ἐκεῖνο. Ὅτι γὰρ οὐκ ἦν ἔκλειψις, ἀλλ' ὀργή τε καὶ ἀγανάκτησις, οὐκ ἐντεῦθεν μόνον δῆλον ἦν, ἀλλὰ