The instructor

 1.2.t.1 that the instructor is in charge on account of our sins. and our instructor, o you children, is like his own father, god, whose son he is, sin

 Your sins he says to us sinners. 1.2.6.5 and we at once have become infants in understanding, receiving the best and most steadfast order from his goo

 And guides to salvation. 1.3.9.4 let us therefore love the commandments of the lord through works, for the word himself, having clearly become flesh,

 He mystifies his acquaintances, urging them to pay attention to him as if already hastening to the father, making his hearers more eager by announcing

 Allegorizing lambs for the innocence of sheep. 1.5.16.1 indeed, we too, having honored the most beautiful and most perfect of our life’s possessions w

 The infant, then, is in this way more delicate, tender and simple and guileless and unhypocritical, straightforward in mind and upright and this is t

 And he, having been loosed from death, playing and exulting with the bride, the helper for our salvation, the church to which patience has been given

 Nor indeed 1.6.25.3 a teacher of the only teacher. will they not then unwillingly confess the word, perfect, begotten from the perfect father, to be p

 The anticipation of arrival for an age and time are not the same thing, nor indeed are impulse and end no. but both 1.6.28.5 are concerned with one

 We were all made to drink one drink. it is not unfitting to use their own words, who say that the filtering of the spirit is the remembrance of better

 That is, the things of christ, whom alone scripture, as we have said before, calls a man, i have put away the things of a child. but childhood in chri

 That which remains to be understood, the boastfulness of knowledge, hear the law of scripture: let not the wise man boast in his wisdom, and let not t

 Blood has the substance. in this way also the rivers, borne along with a rush, being carded by the enclosure of the surrounding air, murmur foam, and

 We flee to the pain-forgetting breast of the father, the word, and he, as it seems, alone supplies us, the infants, with the milk of love, and truly b

 This will be shown in the work on the resurrection. since he also said, *the bread, which i will give, is my flesh*, and flesh is irrigated by blood,

 To be. that milk is formed from blood by a change is already clear, but it is also possible to learn it from the flocks and the herds. for these anima

 The perfect father of all things, for in him is the son and in the son is the father, it is time for us, following the order, to say also who our inst

 Relating his conduct. 1.7.56.2 but again when he speaks in his own person, he confesses himself to be an instructor: i am the lord your god, who broug

 Turn from evil and do good you have loved righteousness, you have hated lawlessness. this is my new covenant, engraved in the old letter. the 1.7.59.

 1.8.62.3 an excess of philanthropy, having sympathized by nature. for there is nothing that the lord hates for surely he does not hate something, but

 Admonishing the passions of the soul, he leads to peace towards the sacred harmony of the commonwealth. 1.8.66.1 just as, therefore, the hortatory and

 To frighten us so that we may not sin for the fear of the lord drives away sins, but the fearless one will not be able to be justified, says the scri

 Of power. a man, it says, he will judge according to his works, god having made known to us jesus as the face of righteousness, of a good balance, thr

 1.9.t.1 that it is of the same power both to do good and to punish justly, wherein is the method of the instruction of the word. with all his strength

 1.9.78.1 reprehension is a rebuking censure or a striking blame, and the pedagogue has also used this cure through isaiah, saying: woe, apostate child

 A beautiful and graceful harlot, mistress of sorceries. having very artfully insulted the virgin with the name of harlotry, he again, turning her towa

 Setting before them a certain saving outline of reasonable care: and i will bind up the lame, and i will heal the vexed, and i will turn back the wand

 The justice of the instructor is shown in his rebukes, and the goodness of god in his 1.9.87.3 compassions. for this reason david, that is, the spirit

 He has not stood, and on the seat of the pestilent he has not sat but his will is in the 1.10.90.2 law of the lord. counsel has three parts. one take

 Of the eternal lord, what is the good path, and walk in it, and you will find cleansing for your souls. and he leads to repentance for the sake of our

 To humanity. now honey, being most sweet, is productive of bile, as goodness is of contempt, which is the cause of sinning, but mustard is also reduct

 To resume life. for not in war, 1.12.99.1 but in peace are we instructed. now war indeed requires much preparation, and luxury needs extravagance but

 Truly irrational, given over to desires, on which 1.13.102.2 all pleasures sit. but what is set right according to obedience to the word, the stoics c

 Serving for lightness, from which arises growth and health and proper strength, not improper or treacherous and wretched like that of athletes from fo

 A specious name has come to be applied to dinners, from gullets and raging madness for a dinner, according to the comic poet. for truly most thing

 It was a feast and they made merry, slaughtering calves and sacrificing sheep, saying: let us eat and 2.1.8.2 drink, for tomorrow we die and that he

 Is occupied with pleasures. but if we should exhort any of our fellow-diners to virtue, for this reason we must abstain more from these gluttonous foo

 Do not come together for judgment. 2.1.13.1 we must abstain then from all slavishness and intemperance, partaking of what is set before us in an order

 He said to them, 2.1.15.3 says luke, what things he said. in addition to these things, those who dine according to reason should not be overlooked by

 In his own city, establishing the holy ark in the midst of the tabernacle, having made gladness for all the subject people, before the lord he distrib

 Taking away the fuel, the bacchic threat, and applying the antidote for the boiling over, which will both restrain the soul already inflamed with prid

 The vision, from the heat of wine, imagines the substance more densely multiplied than one but it makes no difference whether the vision moves or the

 With wines? are not they of those who 2.2.27.5 track down where drinking parties are happening? here indeed the word declares the lover of drink to be

 To reject the pleasantness of flutes on account of the indecency of the sight—, as one should drink with an undistorted face, not drinking one's fill,

 Both, the men being provoked to spy, and the women drawing the men's gazes upon themselves. 2.2.33.5 and we must always conduct ourselves honorably as

 Yours, the only inalienable good, faith in god, the confession of him who suffered, beneficence toward men, possessing a most precious2.3.36.3 possess

 Those who are hastening towards salvation to have understood beforehand that all our possession is for the sake of use, and use for the sake of self-s

 Psaltery of the lord and on a cithara praise him, let the mouth be understood as the cithara, being struck, as it were, with the spirit as a plectrum

 Let them sing psalms to him. and what choir is singing, the spirit itself will tell you. his praise is in the church of the saints, let them rejoice i

 A proof of human reasoning, 2.5.47.3 but it indicates an opinion of cruelty. for one must not always laugh—for it is immoderate—nor when elders or oth

 Accusing towards licentiousness. for he is skilled at always cutting out the roots of sins, the “you shall not commit adultery” through the “you shall

 Able to think wrongly but he called her under a husband, since the danger is greater for the one who tries to dissolve 2.7.54.2 the bond of life to

 But speech is a good thing 2.7.58.2 for an approved age. speak, elder, at a banquet for it is fitting for you but speak without stumbling and with a

 I know that at the holy supper the woman who brought an alabaster jar of ointment anointed the feet of the lord and pleased him. and i know that the a

 Again the incorruptible word, he who does not admit the poison of corruption. the magi brought him gold when he was born as a symbol of royalty. but t

 We should pray but the pursuit of sweet scents is a bait for indolence, from afar drawing one into gluttonous desire. 2.8.67.3 for the licentious man

 Passing through strongly to warm up the coldness. therefore, he is far from needing flowers to cool him, when the nervous system desires to be warmed.

 Of the dead must be crowned. for the beautiful crown of amaranth is laid up for him who has lived well this flower the earth has not capacity to bear

 A mover of bile, a laxative narcissus oil, from the narcissus, is equally beneficial as lily oil myrtle oil, from myrtles and myrrh, is an astringen

 Sleep, but relaxation. for which reason, i say, we must take it not for the purpose of indolence, but for rest from our activities. 2.9.79.1 we must t

 Time-, far from it should one permit sleeping during the day for those who also cut off the greater part of the night for wakefulness. and restlessnes

 For from the surface of the surrounding air, the arteries around the neck, being pressed and constricted, squeeze out the breath, and this, being exce

 It is immediately mounted by whatever hare it happens upon for it is not satisfied with one mating. and it conceives 2.10.88.2 again while still suck

 Led aside the hebrew who was having intercourse with his own pregnant wife for mere pleasure, even if it is engaged in within marriage, 2.10.92.3 is

 Like a raging and savage master. but let marriage be approved and established for the lord wishes humanity to be multiplied, but he does not say be l

 Luxuries, their own sins but the more reasonable of them recognize 2.10.99.3 that they are sins, but are overcome by pleasures. and darkness is a clo

 For incontinence, reason is the best medicine, but lack of satiety also helps, by which inflamed desires leap about pleasures. therefore, one must not

 But a certain poor man named lazarus was laid at the rich man's gate, full of sores, desiring to be fed from the things falling from the rich man's ta

 Not illegitimate the things within it is most fitting to use white and simple garments. 2.10βις.108.2 at any rate, clearly and purely daniel the proph

 Coloring is done with time, but the washings and the astringents with the chemical juices of the dye, wasting away the wool of the garments, make the

 The beauty of the body is a trap for men 2.10βις.114.4 nor is it reasonable for a woman who uses a purple curtain to wish to become conspicuous. for

 Showing the type. but if this also hints at something, it will be revealed in other places. 2.12.t.1 that one must not be excited about stones and gol

 Reason. for god has given us, i know, the authority for their use, but only up to what is necessary, and he has willed that their use be in common. 2.

 Aristophanes, in his thesmophoriazusae, points out the articles of female adornment. i will quote the very words of the comic poet, which sharply expo

 Whole and smooth and equal and without excess2.12.128.2 and in this way is sufficient. and sufficiency is a state which reaches its proper end without

 Gods, men are gods. for the word is he a manifest mystery god in man, and man is god, and the mediator executes the will of the father for the word

 The true, he will be disgusted, i know well. for he will not find the worthy image of god dwelling within, but instead of it a harlot and an adulteres

 So that those who see her cry out at her beautiful rump. she has a large belly they have little breasts like those the comic actors have having adde

 They have devised mirrors, on which deception it was most necessary to place a cover for not even, as the myth of the greeks has it, was it granted t

 Having left behind for the sake of fading beauty and having fallen so far from the heavens to the earth. but the shechemites also are punished, having

 Created in righteousness and holiness of 3.3.17.3 truth. but for a man to be combed and trimmed with a razor for the sake of elegance, and to arrange

 But pitch is useful, he says. but it brings reproach, i say and no one in his right mind would want to seem to be a fornicator, not being sick, nor w

 Such are they, being reproved for their manner externally by their clothing, footwear, posture, gait, hairstyle, glance for from sight a man will be

 Some attend to the mirrors, others the hairnets, others the combs **, many eunuchs and these are pimps, serving without suspicion by the trustworthine

 They rear melitaean dogs and recline with the snub-nosed ones, playing, delighting in satyr-like monsters and when they hear of thersites they laugh,

 With the tunic and their modesty they wish to appear beautiful, but nevertheless are reputed to be wicked for through it is especially revealed the w

 The one who imparts is rich, and the imparting, not the possession, shows the blessed one 3.6.36.1 and the fruit of the soul is generosity therefore

 Carrying simplicity along with sober dignity as a provision for the journey to heaven and just as the foot is the measure of the shoe, so is the body

 He might be persuaded by the one who spoke 3.8.42.3 these are the disciples who were persuaded by the word for this reason the one who heard is a fr

 I turned away, saying— there are four reasons for which we resort to it either for the sake of cleanliness, or of warmth, or of health, or lastly, of

 Women should bring from the storeroom with their own hands what we need, and it is not shameful for them to go to the mill nor, indeed, is it a repro

 3.11.t.1 a summary sketch of the best life. for this reason, wearing gold and using softer clothing should not be completely cut off, but the irration

 Beauty for the evil-minded. for in general, if anyone thinks they are adorned with gold, they are less than gold, and the one who is less than gold is

 That forgetfulness of their erotic passions could ever arise in them, on account of the constant reminder of licentiousness. 3.11.60.2 but concerning

 A soul inspired by the holy spirit and its splendors, by righteousness, prudence, courage, temperance and love of good and modesty, than which no more

 Wisely and lawfully, whose children rising up called her blessed, as the holy word says through solomon, and her husband praised her. for a godly woma

 To those passing by on the way, those making their own paths straight, she says clearly through her appearance and her whole way of life: which of yo

 Let them cease at last from spending time in taverns, chattering idly, and hunting for the women who pass by many also do not cease from blaspheming

 A possession but she is also educated without letters, and her writing, at once private and divine, is called love 3.11.78.3, a spiritual composition

 It ought to be mystical—the apostle has called it holy—, † let us conduct ourselves worthily of the kingdom, showing the soul's goodwill through a tem

 Sufficient then is the time that is past, says peter, to have worked out the will of the gentiles, having walked in licentiousness, lusts, drunkenness

 Of the abundant arrangement of the scriptures and a readier discovery of salvation. 3.12.89.1 we have the decalogue given by moses, indicating by a si

 Bitter sweet, and to others thus: woe to those who are wise in their own eyes and prudent in their own sight he who humbles himself will be exalted,

 And trembling, in singleness of your heart, as to christ, from the soul with goodwill serving. and masters, do well by your servants, giving up threat

 Let us infants run to our mother, and if we become hearers of the word, let us glorify the blessed dispensation, through which man is instructed, and

The Instructor

What the Instructor Promises.

1.1.1.1 A foundation of truth has been constructed for us, O you children, an unbreakable foundation of knowledge for the holy temple of the great God, a good exhortation, a desire for eternal life through reasonable obedience, established in an intellectual soil. Since there are these three things concerning man: morals, actions, and passions, the hortatory Logos has taken charge of his morals, a guide to piety, the Logos that underlies like a keel for the building up of faith, in which we, greatly rejoicing and renouncing our old opinions, are made young for salvation, singing in harmony with the chanting prophecy: "How good God is to Israel, to the upright 1.1.1.2 in heart." The preceptive Logos presides over all actions, while the consolatory one heals the passions. But this whole Logos is one and the same, snatching man from his ingrained and worldly habits, and training him for the one-tracked salvation of faith 1.1.1.3 in God. The heavenly guide, then, the Logos, when He was calling to salvation, His name was specifically Hortatory, this Logos, which impels, being called the whole from the part. For all piety is hortatory, generating in our kindred reason a desire for the life that now is and that which is 1.1.1.4 to come; but now, being both therapeutic and preceptive at the same time, consistent with himself, He exhorts the one who has been converted, promising the healing of the passions within us as the chief thing. Let Him be suitably called by us with the one name, Instructor, since the Instructor is practical, not methodical; and his aim is to improve the soul, not to teach, and to guide it to a temperate, 1.1.2.1 not a scientific, life. And yet the same Logos is also didactic, but not now. For in doctrinal matters He is expository and revelatory, the didactic one; but being practical, the Instructor first exhorted to a disposition of character-formation, and now He also calls to the performance of what is required, delivering unblemished precepts and showing to those who come later the images of those who erred before. 1.1.2.2 Both are most beneficial: the one, the hortatory kind, for obedience, and the other, taken in the form of an image, is itself also twofold, similarly to the former pairing: one part of it, that we may imitate it by choosing the good, the other, that we may turn away from it 1.1.3.1 by shunning the evil of the image. The healing of the passions, then, follows from this, as the Instructor strengthens our souls through the consolations of the images and, as if with gentle medicines, with His philanthropic precepts, treats the sick for the complete knowledge of the truth. But health and knowledge are not the same; the one comes by learning, the other by 1.1.3.2 healing. Therefore, one who is still sick could not learn any of the didactic matters before being completely well. For neither is each of the commands always spoken in the same way to those who are learning or to those who are sick, but to some for knowledge, and to others for 1.1.3.3 healing. Just as, then, those who are sick in body need a physician, so also those who are weak in soul need an instructor, so that he may heal our passions, and then a teacher who will guide us, preparing the soul to be pure for its fitness for knowledge, able to receive the revelation of the Logos. Eager, then, to perfect us by a saving progression, suitable for an effective education, the all-philanthropic Logos employs this good economy, first exhorting, then instructing, and finally teaching.

Paedagogus

Τί ἐπαγγέλλεται ὁ παιδαγωγός.

1.1.1.1 Συγκεκρότηται κρηπὶς ἀληθείας, ὦ παῖδες ὑμεῖς, ἡμῖν αὐτοῖς, ἁγίου νεὼ μεγάλου θεοῦ θεμέλιος γνώσεως ἀρραγής, προτροπὴ καλή, δι' ὑπακοῆς εὐλόγου ζωῆς ἀιδίου ὄρεξις, νοερῷ καταβληθεῖσα χωρίῳ. Τριῶν γέ τοι τούτων περὶ τὸν ἄνθρωπον ὄντων, ἠθῶν, πράξεων, παθῶν, ὁ προτρεπτικὸς εἴληχεν τὰ ἤθη αὐτοῦ, θεοσεβείας καθηγεμών, ὁ τροπιδίου δίκην ὑποκείμενος λόγος εἰς οἰκοδομὴν πίστεως, ἐφ' ᾧ μάλα γανύμενοι καὶ τὰς παλαιὰς ἀπομνύμενοι δόξας πρὸς σωτηρίαν νεάζομεν, ψαλλούσῃ συνᾴδοντες προφητείᾳ ὡς ἀγαθὸς τῷ Ἰσραὴλ ὁ θεός, τοῖς εὐθέσιν 1.1.1.2 τῇ καρδίᾳ, πράξεών τε ἁπασῶν λόγος ἐπιστατεῖ ὁ ὑποθετικός, τὰ δὲ πάθη ὁ παραμυθητικὸς ἰᾶται, εἷς ὢν πᾶς ὁ αὐτὸς οὗτος λόγος, τῆς συντρόφου καὶ κοσμικῆς συνηθείας ἐξαρπά ζων τὸν ἄνθρωπον, εἰς δὲ τὴν μονότροπον τῆς εἰς τὸν θεὸν 1.1.1.3 πίστεως σωτηρίαν παιδαγωγῶν. Ὁ γοῦν οὐράνιος ἡγεμών, ὁ λόγος, ὁπηνίκα μὲν ἐπὶ σωτηρίαν παρεκάλει, προτρεπτικὸς ὄνομα αὐτῷ ἦν ἰδίως οὗτος ὁ παρορμητικὸς ἐκ μέρους τὸ πᾶν προσαγορευόμενος λόγος· προτρεπτικὴ γὰρ ἡ πᾶσα θεοσέβεια, ζωῆς τῆς νῦν καὶ τῆς μελλούσης ὄρεξιν ἐγγεννῶσα τῷ συγγενεῖ 1.1.1.4 λογισμῷ· νυνὶ δὲ θεραπευτικός τε ὢν καὶ ὑποθετικὸς ἅμα ἄμφω, ἑπόμενος αὐτὸς αὑτῷ, παραινεῖ τὸν προτετραμμένον, κεφάλαιον τῶν ἐν ἡμῖν παθῶν ὑπισχνούμενος τὴν ἴασιν. Κεκλήσθω δ' ἡμῖν ἑνὶ προσφυῶς οὗτος ὀνόματι παιδαγωγός, προακτικός, οὐ μεθοδικὸς ὢν ὁ παιδαγωγός, ᾗ καὶ τὸ τέλος αὐτοῦ βελτιῶσαι τὴν ψυχήν ἐστιν, οὐ διδάξαι, σώφρονός τε, 1.1.2.1 οὐκ ἐπιστημονικοῦ καθηγήσασθαι βίου. Καίτοι καὶ διδασκαλικὸς ὁ αὐτός ἐστι λόγος, ἀλλ' οὐ νῦν· ὃ μὲν γὰρ ἐν τοῖς δογματικοῖς δηλωτικὸς καὶ ἀποκαλυπτικός, ὁ διδασκαλικός, πρακτικὸς δὲ ὢν ὁ παιδαγωγὸς πρότερον μὲν εἰς διάθεσιν ἠθοποιίας προὐτρέψατο, ἤδη δὲ καὶ εἰς τὴν τῶν δεόντων ἐνέργειαν παρακαλεῖ, τὰς ὑποθήκας τὰς ἀκηράτους παρεγγυῶν καὶ τῶν πεπλανημένων πρότερον τοῖς ὕστερον ἐπιδεικνὺς τὰς εἰκόνας. 1.1.2.2 Ἄμφω δὲ ὠφελιμώτατα, τὸ μὲν εἰς ὑπακοήν, τὸ παραινετικὸν εἶδος, τὸ δὲ ἐν εἰκόνος μέρει παραλαμβανόμενον διττὸν καὶ αὐτὸ παραπλησίως τῇ προτέρᾳ συζυγίᾳ, τὸ μὲν αὐτοῦ ἵνα μιμώμεθα αἱρούμενοι τὸ ἀγαθόν, τὸ δὲ ὅπως ἐκτρεπώμεθα 1.1.3.1 παραιτούμενοι τὸ φαῦλον τῆς εἰκόνος. Ἴασις οὖν τῶν παθῶν ἐνθένδε ἕπεται, κατὰ τὰς παραμυθίας τῶν εἰκόνων ἐπιρρωννύντος τοῦ παιδαγωγοῦ τὰς ψυχὰς καὶ ὥσπερ ἠπίοις φαρμάκοις ταῖς ὑποθήκαις ταῖς φιλανθρώποις εἰς τὴν παντελῆ τῆς ἀληθείας γνῶσιν τοὺς κάμνοντας διαιτωμένου. Ἴσον δ' οὐκ ἔστιν ὑγίεια καὶ γνῶσις, ἀλλ' ἣ μὲν μαθήσει, ἣ δὲ ἰάσει περι1.1.3.2 γίνεται. Οὐκ ἂν οὖν τις νοσῶν ἔτι πρότερόν τι τῶν διδασκαλικῶν ἐκμάθοι πρὶν ἢ τέλεον ὑγιᾶναι· οὐδὲ γὰρ ὡσαύτως πρὸς τοὺς μανθάνοντας ἢ κάμνοντας ἀεὶ τῶν παραγγελμάτων ἕκαστον λέγεται, ἀλλὰ πρὸς οὓς μὲν εἰς γνῶσιν, πρὸς οὓς δὲ 1.1.3.3 εἰς ἴασιν. Καθάπερ οὖν τοῖς νοσοῦσι τὸ σῶμα ἰατροῦ χρῄζει, ταύτῃ καὶ τοῖς ἀσθενοῦσι τὴν ψυχὴν παιδαγωγοῦ δεῖ, ἵν' ἡμῶν ἰάσηται τὰ πάθη, εἶτα δὲ εἰς διδασκάλου ὃς καθηγήσηται, καθαρὰν πρὸς γνώσεως ἐπιτηδειότητα εὐτρεπίζων τὴν ψυχήν, δυναμένην χωρῆσαι τὴν ἀποκάλυψιν τοῦ λόγου. Σπεύδων δὲ ἄρα τελειῶσαι σωτηρίῳ ἡμᾶς βαθμῷ, καταλλήλῳ εἰς παίδευσιν ἐνεργῆ τῇ καλῇ συγχρῆται οἰκονομίᾳ ὁ πάντα φιλάνθρωπος λόγος, προτρέπων ἄνωθεν, ἔπειτα παιδαγωγῶν, ἐπὶ πᾶσιν ἐκδιδάσκων.