1

Adversus haereses (liber 5) 1 Following, then, the one and only sure and true Teacher, the Word of God, Jesus Christ our Lord, who for His surpassing love became what we are, that He might bring us to be even what He is Himself. For in no other way could we have learned the things of God, unless our Teacher, being the Word, had become man. For no other was able to declare the things of the Father, except His own eternal Word. 2 The Lord, therefore, having redeemed us by His own blood, and given His soul for our souls, and His flesh for our flesh. 3 For these things were not done in appearance, but in the substance of truth. But if, not being a man, He appeared to be a man, He neither remained in truth what He was, the Spirit of God, since the Spirit is invisible, nor was there any truth in Him, for He was not what He appeared to be. We have said before that Abraham and the other prophets saw Him prophetically, prophesying through a vision what was to be. If, then, He appeared in such a way now, not being what He appeared to be, a prophetic vision has been given to men, and we must expect another coming of His, in which He will be such as He is now seen prophetically. But we have shown that it is the same thing to say that He appeared in appearance and to say that He took nothing from Mary. For He would not have had flesh and blood in truth, through which He redeemed us, unless He had recapitulated in Himself the ancient formation of Adam. Vain, therefore, are those from Valentinus, who teach this, in order to cast out the life of the flesh. 4 Since we are His members and are nourished through creation, and He Himself provides creation for us, making His sun to rise and sending rain as He wills, He confessed the cup from creation to be His own blood, from which He bedews our blood, and He affirmed the bread from creation to be His own body, from which He increases our bodies. When, therefore, both the mixed cup and the created bread receive the Word of God and become the Eucharist and the body of Christ, and from these the substance of our flesh increases and is sustained, how can they say that the flesh is not capable of receiving the gift of God, which is eternal life, since it is nourished from the body and blood of the Lord and is a member of Him? As the blessed Apostle says in the Epistle to the Ephesians, that "We are members of His body, of His flesh and of His bones," not saying this of some spiritual and invisible man, "for a spirit has neither bones nor flesh," but of the economy which belongs to the true man, consisting of flesh and nerves and bones, which is nourished from the cup which is His blood and is increased from the bread which is His body. And just as the wood of the vine, planted in the ground, bore fruit in its own time, and "the grain of wheat, falling into the ground" and dissolving, was raised up manifold by the Spirit of God who sustains all things, and then through the wisdom of God comes to be used by men and, receiving the Word of God, becomes the Eucharist, which is the body and blood of Christ, so also our bodies, being nourished by it and laid in the earth and dissolved in it, will rise in their own time, the Word of God granting them the resurrection to the glory of God the Father, who indeed provides immortality for the mortal and graciously bestows incorruptibility on the corruptible, because the power of God is made perfect in weakness, so that we may not be puffed up as if we had life from ourselves, and never rise up against God, entertaining an ungrateful thought, but having learned by experience that it is from His pre-eminence and not from our own nature that we have our eternal permanence, we might neither fail to attain the glory that is in God, nor be ignorant of our own nature, but may know what God can do and what man receives as a benefit, and may never be mistaken concerning the

1

Adversus haereses (liber 5) 1 Τῷ δὲ μόνῳ βεβαίῳ καὶ ἀληθεῖ διδασκάλῳ ἑπόμενος τῷ Λόγῳ Θεοῦ Ἰησοῦ Χριστῷ τῷ Κυρίῳ ἡμῶν, τῷ διὰ τὴν ὑπερβάλλουσαν αὐτοῦ ἀγάπην γεγονότι τοῦτο ὅπερ ἐσμέν, ἵνα ἡμᾶς εἶναι καταρτίσῃ ἐκεῖνο ὅπερ ἐστὶν αὐτός. Οὐ γὰρ ἄλλως ἡμεῖς μαθεῖν ἐδυνάμεθα τὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ, εἰ μὴ ὁ διδάσκαλος ἡμῶν, Λόγος ὤν, ἄνθρωπος ἐγένετο. Οὐδὲ γὰρ ἄλλος υἱός τις ἦν ἐξηγήσασθαι τὰ τοῦ Πατρός, εἰ μὴ ὁ ἀΐδιος αὐτοῦ Λόγος. 2 Τῷ ἰδίῳ οὖν αἵματι λυτρωσαμένου ἡμᾶς τοῦ Κυρίου καὶ δόντος τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ ἀντὶ τῆς ἡμετέρας ψυχῆς καὶ τὴν σάρκα τὴν ἑαυτοῦ ἀντὶ τῶν ἡμετέρων σαρκῶν. 3 Οὐ γὰρ δοκήσει ταῦτα, ἀλλ' ἐν ὑποστάσει ἀληθείας ἐγίνετο. Εἰ δὲ μὴ ὢν ἄνθρωπος ἐφαίνετο ἄνθρωπος, οὔτε ὃ ἦν ἐπ' ἀληθείας ἔμεινε, Πνεῦμα Θεοῦ, ἐπεὶ ἀόρατον τὸ Πνεῦμα, οὔτε ἀλήθειά τις ἦν ἐν αὐτῷ, οὐ γὰρ ἐκεῖνο ἦν ὅπερ ἐφαίνετο. Προείπομεν δὲ ὅτι Ἀβραὰμ καὶ οἱ λοιποὶ προφῆται προφητικῶς αὐτὸν ἔβλεπον, τὸ μέλλον ἔσεσθαι δι' ὄψεως προφητεύοντες. Εἰ οὖν καὶ νῦν τοιοῦτος ἐφάνη, μὴ ὢν ὅπερ ἐφαίνετο, προφητική τις ὀπτασία γέγονε τοῖς ἀνθρώποις, καὶ δεῖ ἄλλην ἐκδέχεσθαι παρουσίαν αὐτοῦ, ἐν ᾗ τοιοῦτος ἔσται οἷος νῦν ὁρᾶται προφητικῶς. Ἀπεδείξαμεν δὲ ὅτι τὸ αὐτό ἐστι δοκήσει λέγειν πεφηνέναι καὶ μηδὲν ἐκ τῆς Μαρίας εἰληφέναι. Οὐδὲ γὰρ ἦν ἀληθῶς σάρκα καὶ αἷμα ἐσχηκώς, δι' ὧν ἡμᾶς ἐξηγοράσατο, εἰ μὴ τὴν ἀρχαίαν πλάσιν τοῦ Ἀδὰμ εἰς ἑαυτὸν ἀνεκεφαλαιώσατο. Μάταιοι οὖν οἱ ἀπὸ Οὐαλεντίνου, τοῦτο δογματίζοντες, ἵνα ἐκβάλωσι τὴν ζωὴν τῆς σαρκός. 4 Ἐπειδὴ μέλη αὐτοῦ ἐσμεν καὶ διὰ τῆς κτίσεως τρεφόμεθα, τὴν δὲ κτίσιν αὐτὸς ἡμῖν παρέχει, τὸν ἥλιον αὐτοῦ ἀνατέλλων καὶ βρέχων καθὼς βούλεται, τὸ ἀπὸ τῆς κτίσεως ποτήριον ἴδιον αἷμα ὡμολόγησεν, ἐξ οὗ δεύσει τὸ ἡμέτερον αἷμα, καὶ τὸν ἀπὸ τῆς κτίσεως ἄρτον ἴδιον σῶμα διεβεβαιώσατο, ἀφ' οὗ τὰ ἡμέτερα αὔξει σώματα. Ὁπότε οὖν καὶ τὸ κεκραμένον ποτήριον καὶ ὁ γεγονὼς ἄρτος ἐπιδέχεται τὸν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ γίνεται εὐχαριστία καὶ σῶμα Χριστοῦ, ἐκ τούτων τε αὔξει καὶ συνέστηκεν ἡ τῆς σαρκὸς ἡμῶν ὑπόστασις, πῶς δεκτικὴν μὴ εἶναι τὴν σάρκα λέγουσι τῆς δωρεᾶς τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἥτις ἐστὶ ζωὴ αἰώνιος, τὴν ἀπὸ τοῦ σώματος καὶ αἵματος τοῦ Κυρίου τρεφομένην καὶ μέλος αὐτοῦ ὑπάρχουσαν; Καθὼς ὁ μακάριος Ἀπόστολός φησιν ἐν τῇ πρὸς Ἐφεσίους ἐπιστολῇ ὅτι «Μέλη ἐσμὲν τοῦ σώματος αὐτοῦ, ἐκ τῆς σαρκὸς αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐκ τῶν ὀστέων αὐτοῦ», οὐ περὶ πνευματικοῦ τινος καὶ ἀοράτου ἀνθρώπου λέγων ταῦτα, «τὸ γὰρ πνεῦμα οὔτε ὀστέα οὔτε σάρκας ἔχει», ἀλλὰ περὶ τῆς κατὰ τὸν ἀληθινὸν ἄνθρωπον οἰκονομίας, τῆς ἐκ σαρκῶν καὶ νεύρων καὶ ὀστέων συνεστώσης, ἥτις καὶ ἐκ τοῦ ποτηρίου ὅ ἐστιν αἷμα αὐτοῦ τρέφεται καὶ ἐκ τοῦ ἄρτου ὅ ἐστι σῶμα αὐτοῦ αὔξεται. Καὶ ὅνπερ τρόπον τὸ ξύλον τῆς ἀμπέλου κλιθὲν εἰς τὴν γῆν τῷ ἰδίῳ καιρῷ ἐκαρποφόρησε, καὶ «ὁ κόκκος τοῦ σίτου πεσὼν εἰς τὴν γῆν» καὶ διαλυθεὶς πολλοστὸς ἠγέρθη διὰ τοῦ Πνεύματος τοῦ Θεοῦ τοῦ συνέχοντος τὰ πάντα, ἔπειτα δὲ διὰ τῆς σοφίας τοῦ Θεοῦ εἰς χρῆσιν ἐλθόντα ἀνθρώπων καὶ προσλαμβανόμενα τὸν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ εὐχαριστία γίνεται, ὅπερ ἐστὶ σῶμα καὶ αἷμα τοῦ Χριστοῦ, οὕτως καὶ τὰ ἡμέτερα σώματα ἐξ αὐτῆς τρεφόμενα καὶ τεθέντα εἰς τὴν γῆν καὶ διαλυθέντα ἐν αὐτῇ ἀναστήσεται ἐν τῷ ἰδίῳ καιρῷ, τοῦ Λόγου τοῦ Θεοῦ τὴν ἔγερσιν αὐτοῖς χαριζομένου εἰς δόξαν Θεοῦ καὶ Πατρός, ὃς ὄντως τῷ θνητῷ τὴν ἀθανασίαν περιποιεῖ καὶ τῷ φθαρτῷ τὴν ἀφθαρσίαν προσχαρίζεται, ὅτι ἡ δύναμις τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐν ἀσθενείᾳ τελειοῦται, ἵνα μὴ ὡς ἐξ ἡμῶν αὐτῶν ἔχοντες τὴν ζωὴν φυσιωθῶμεν καὶ ἐπαρθῶμέν ποτε κατὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἀχάριστον ἔννοιαν ἀναλαβόντες, πείρᾳ δὲ μαθόντες ὅτι ἐκ τῆς ἐκείνου ὑπεροχῆς ἀλλ' οὐκ ἐκ τῆς ἡμετέρας φύσεως τὴν εἰς ἀεὶ παραμονὴν ἔχομεν, μήτε τῆς περὶ τὸν Θεὸν δόξης ὡς ἔστιν ἀστοχήσωμεν, μήτε τὴν ἡμετέραν φύσιν ἀγνοήσωμεν, ἀλλ' εἰδῶμεν τί ὁ Θεὸς δύναται καὶ τί ἄνθρωπος εὐεργετεῖται, καὶ μὴ σφαλῶμέν ποτε τῆς