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HISTORIA CHRONIKE CHRONOLOGICAL HISTORY.

1Exc. Salmasii in Crameri Anecd. Par. II:

Archaeology of John of Antioch, also having an explanation of the fabled things. 1. The ancient Ogygus of the Hellenes and Phoroneus the son of Inachus lived at the time of the exodus of the people from Egypt under Moses. For from Ogygus until the 55th Olympiad, that is, until Cyrus the king of the Persians, is 1235 years. When the Passover and the exodus of the Hebrews from Egypt occurred, the flood in the time of Ogygus happened. And reasonably so; for since the Egyptians were being scourged by the wrath of God with hailstones and storms, it was likely that some parts of the earth suffered along with them; and furthermore it was likely that the Athenians enjoyed the same things as the Egyptians, being supposed to be colonists from them, as they say. And that Moses flourished with Ogygus, Polemon fr. 13 in the first book of his Hellenic Histories relates, saying: "In the time of Apis son of Phoroneus a portion of the Egyptian army was driven out of Egypt, who settled in the part of Syria called Palestine, not far from Arabia." It is clear that he means these Hebrews who left there with Moses. 2. The Anaxagoreans allegorize Athena as skill, whence also the saying, "From ruined hands has flowed much-counseled Athena." (3) Aidoneus was king of the Molossians, having an enormous dog, Cerberus, who killed Pirithous; but Heracles rescued Theseus. And on account of the obvious danger, Heracles was fabled to have brought him up from Hades. (4) Attica was named after Atthis, the daughter of the autochthonous Cranaus. (5) Triptolemus, attacking cities with a long ship and distributing grain, was mythologized as a winged serpent; and it is likely that his ship was of such a shape. (6) Boreas the Thracian, son of Astreus (l. Astraeus), seized Orithyia, not the wind. (7) The mythical ram of Phrixus was a ship so called, or the guardian who saved him. (8) The Gorgon was a beautiful courtesan who, because of her beauty, astonished beholders, so that they seemed to be turned to stone; and Pegasus was her property, being a swift horse; but Palaephatus says this was the ship of Bellerophon. 9. When Cadmus was founding Thebes, his neighbors suddenly fell upon him, and because they swarmed in from all sides, they were called Spartoi (Sown Men). (10) The stones charmed by Amphion were certain foolish listeners. (11) Daedalus seemed to make moving statues because he was the first to separate their feet, while others made them with feet joined together; fleeing Minos, he seemed to fly away because he could not be found, having obtained a ship together with his son Icarus. (12) The Sphinx, being a woman of Cadmus, revolted out of jealousy for Harmonia, and made war on the Thebans; but Oedipus, marching against her, captured her. (13) When Samson led the people, Heracles performed his labors; and though strong, he was an unskilled wrestler; but Antaeus was experienced in what are called 'on the ground' moves among wrestlers, so that he seemed to be helped by the earth, his mother. To avoid these things, Heracles, girding him with holds and lifting him high, killed him. (14) Plato says that the hydra was also a clever sophist. (15) The Centaurs were the best horsemen of the Thessalians. 16. The Minotaur is mythologized as a beast that feasted on Attic children; but he was a general of Minos (l. was of Minos), called Taurus because of his spirited and savage character. And since Minos was holding a contest in honor of Androgeos, whom the Athenians had killed, they gave him Attic children as prizes, as he was defeating everyone; for he was strong. And when

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HISTORIA CHRONIKE ΙΣΤΟΡΙΑ ΧΡΟΝΙΚΗ.

1Exc. Salmasii in Crameri Anecd. Par. II:

Ἀρχαιολογία Ἰωάννου Ἀντιοχέως, ἔχουσα καὶ διασάφησιν τῶν

μυθευομένων. 1. Ὁ παρ' Ἕλλησιν ἀρχαῖος Ὤγυγος καὶ Φορωνεὺςὁ υἱὸς Ἰνάχου κατὰ τὴν διὰ Μωσέως ἀπ' Αἰγύπτου ἔξοδον τοῦ λαοῦ ἦσαν. Ἀπὸ γὰρ Ὠγύγου μέχρι τῆς νεʹ Ὀλυμπιάδος, ἤγουν μέχρι τοῦ Κύρου τοῦ Περσῶν βασιλέως ἔτη ασλεʹ. Ὅτε τὸ Πάσχα καὶ ἡ τῶν Ἑβραίων ἔξοδος ἀπ' Αἰγύπτου ἐγένετο, ὁ ἐπὶ Ὠγύγου γέγονε κατακλυσμός. Καὶ εἰκότως· τῶν γὰρ Αἰγυπτίων ὀργῇ Θεοῦ χαλάζαις καὶ χειμῶνι μαστιζομένων, εἰκὸς ἦν μέρη τινὰ συμπάσχειν τῆς γῆς· ἔτι τε Ἀθηναίους τῶν αὐτῶν Αἰγυπτίοις ἀπολαύειν εἰκὸς ἦν, ἀποίκους ἐκείνων ὑπονοουμένους, ὥς φασιν. Ὅτι δὲ Ὠγύγῳ συνήκμαζε Μωσῆς, Πολέμων fr. 13 ἐν πρώτῳ Ἱστοριῶν Ἑλληνικῶν ἱστορεῖ λέγων· «Ἐπὶ Ἄπιδος του Φορωνέως μοῖρα τοῦ Αἰγυπτίων στρατοῦ ἐξέπεσεν Αἰγύπτου, οἳ ἐν τῇ Παλαιστίνῃ καλουμένῃ Συρίᾳ οὐ πόρρω Ἀραβίας ᾤκησαν.» ∆ῆλον δὲ ὅτι τούτους φησὶ τοὺς μετὰ Μωσέως ἐξελθόντας ἐκεῖθεν Ἑβραίους. 2. Οἱ Ἀναξαγόρειοι τὴν Ἀθηνᾶν εἰς τὴν τέχνην ἀλληγοροῦσιν, ὅθεν καὶ τὸ, Ὀλλυμένων χειρῶν ἔρρει πολύμητις Ἀθήνη. (3) Ὁ Ἀϊδωνεὺς βασιλεὺς ἦν Μολοττῶν, παμμεγέθη κύνα ἔχων Κέρβερον, ὃς διεχρήσατο Πειρίθουν· τὸν δὲ Θησέα Ἡρακλῆς ἐρρύσατο. ∆ιὰ δὲ τοῦ κινδύνου τὸ προῦπτον ἐξ ᾅδου ἀναγαγεῖν αὐτὸν Ἡρακλῆς ἐμυθεύθη. (4) Ἀπὸ Ἀτθίδος τῆς Κραναοῦ τοῦ αὐτόχθονος θυγατρὸς ἡ Ἀττικὴ ἐκλήθη. (5) Τριπτόλεμος μακρῷ πλοίῳ προσβάλλων ταῖς πόλεσι, καὶ τὸν σῖτον διαδιδοὺς, πτερωτὸς ὄφις ἐμυθεύθη· εἰκὸς δὲ καὶ τὴν ναῦν τοιούτου σχήμα τος εἶναι. (6) Τὴν Ὠρείθυιαν ὁ Ἀστρέου (l. Ἀστραίου) Βορέας ὁ Θρᾲξ ἥρπασεν, οὐχ ὁ ἄνεμος. (7) Ὁ Φρίξου μυθώδης κριὸς πλοῖον ἦν οὕτω καλούμενον, ἢ ὁ διασώσας αὐτὸν τροφεύς. (8) Ἡ Γοργὼν ἑταίρα ἦν εὔμορφος διὰ κάλλος ἐξιστῶσα τοὺς θεατὰς, ὡς ἀπολιθοῦσθαι δοκεῖν· καὶ ὁ Πήγασος αὐτῆς ἦν κτῆμα, ἵππος ὀξὺς ὤν· Παλαίφατος δὲ Βελλεροφόντου τοῦτό φησι πλοῖον. 9. Ὅτε Κάδμος ἔκτιζε Θήβας, οἱ πλησιόχωροι ἐνέπεσον ἐξαίφνης αὐτῷ, καὶ διὰ τὸ πανταχόθεν συρρεῖν, Σπαρτοὶ ὠνομάσθησαν. (10) Οἱ παρ' Ἀμφίονος θελγόμενοι λίθοι ἠλίθιοί τινες ἦσαν ἀκροαταί. (11) ∆αίδαλος ἔδοξεν ἀγάλματα κινούμενα ποιεῖν διὰ τὸ πρῶτον διαστῆσαι τοὺς πόδας αὐτῶν, τῶν ἄλλων συμπεφυκότας ποιούντων· ὃς φεύγων Μίνωα, διὰ τὸ ἀνεύρετον ἔδοξεν ἀποπτῆναι, πλοίου τυχὼν ἅμα τῷ υἱῷ Ἰκάρῳ. (12) Ἡ Σφὶγξ γυνὴ οὖσα Κάδμου διὰ ζῆλον Ἁρμονίας ἀπέστη, καὶ Θηβαίοις ἐπολέμει· Οἰδίπους δὲ ἐπιστρατεύσας, εἷλεν αὐτήν. (13) Ὅτε Σαμψὼν ἡγεῖτο τοῦ λαοῦ, Ἡρακλῆς ἐτέλει τοὺς ἄθλους· ἰσχυρὸς δὲ ὢν, ἄτεχνος ἦν παλαιστής· ὁ δὲ Ἀνταῖος ἔμπειρος τῶν παρὰ τοῖς παλαισταῖς χαμαὶ καλουμένων, ὡς ὑπὸ γῆς τῆς μητρὸς βοηθεῖσθαι δοκεῖν. Ταῦτα φεύγων ὁ Ἡρακλῆς, ζώσας αὐτὸν τοῖς ἅμμασι, καὶ μετέωρον ἄρας ἀπέκτεινε. (14) Λέγει Πλάτων καὶ τὴν ὕδραν σοφίστριαν εἶναι δεινήν. (15) Οἱ Κένταυροι Θεσσαλῶν ἦσαν ἱππεῖς ἄριστοι. 16. Τὸν Μινόταυρον θηρίον μυθεύονται καταθοινώμενον παῖδας Ἀττικούς· στρατηγὸς δὲ ἦν ὁ Μίνως (λ. ἦν Μίνωος), Ταῦρος καλούμενος διὰ τὸ θυμοειδὲς καὶ τοῦ τρόπου τὸ ἄγριον. Ἐπεὶ δὲ Μίνως ἀγῶνα ἐτίθει ἐπ' Ἀνδρόγεῳ, ὃν ἀπέκτειναν Ἀθηναῖοι, ἐδίδουν αὐτῷ ἔπαθλα παῖδας Ἀττικοὺς, ὡς νικῶντι πάντας· ἰσχυρὸς γὰρ ἦν. Ὡς δὲ