Epistula Magna
THE FIRST EPISTLE OF SAINT MACARIUS TO MONKS
The Lord of all, the philanthropic God, always bestows good starting points upon the human race for the knowledge of things to come, and wishing each one to receive advancement toward better things, which by a nod of his goodness he suggests, always drawing to the good the man made according to his image; for since the soul by nature has an inclination toward what is good and hastens to desire better things, the sinister side of wickedness with terrible craftiness always puts forward a fantasy of good things to simpler souls for the obscuring of what is truly good. Therefore, the ineffable love of the grace of God teaches us the knowledge of truth through the divinely-inspired scriptures, according to the one who says: Teach me goodness and discipline and knowledge, so that thus we may be strong enough to push away ignorance, the cause of all evils, and, being guided by the light of true knowledge, we may be able to completely drive out the carnal and irrational mindset existing in us, which is deceitfully strengthened by the promise of knowledge, having learned that the knowledge of the truth is the cause of salvation. Since, therefore, you also, O most desired and beloved brothers, have often requested from us to set forth a discourse, 234 what sort of way of life one ought to have who has withdrawn from carnal pleasures and from the way of life of this age .... but having come together in the same place according to the apostolic character in the Acts, having become a sacred assembly and a company of brotherhood, having chosen to be piously with one another always; and how it is necessary to hold fellowship with one another, and what sort of disposition of character one ought to have, and what is the goal of the path of highest virtue and what is the will of God that is good and well-pleasing and perfect, and what sort of course and contest for those who desire to reach perfection and hasten to arrive at the measure of spiritual maturity; and so that we might not extend the discourse at length, you have requested from us that these things and what follows them be written down for you in a letter for a continual reminder of soul-profiting meditation, being persuaded, clearly, concerning the pious dogma of the orthodox faith, that there is one divinity of the adorable and blessed Trinity, one essence, one will, one glory, offering one worship to the three hypostases of the one divinity, just as also in the holy mystery of baptism we piously confessed the good confession before many witnesses. For this reason we also, having seen your great impulse toward the good and having observed your desire for the height of virtue, have not hesitated to make a brief reminder, taking the starting points of our thoughts from the divinely-inspired scriptures themselves; and at the same time we have also set forth the scriptural testimonies for the full assurance of unhesitating faith, so that no one might think we are saying anything from ourselves and suspect us of thinking arrogant things of vanity. 235 Let there be, therefore, first of all for all who have dedicated themselves to God and who always hasten to present their bodies as a living sacrifice, holy and acceptable to God, which is their spiritual worship, the proposed goal of piety, an enlightenment [and] to believe according to the sacred promises of the gospels and the other scriptures, giving themselves to every good work and to every practice of virtue; and to be firmly persuaded that through the grace of Christ and the divine power, the healing and the cleansing of the passions of dishonor which are at work in the soul and in the body are completely possible to take place in us, that the things impossible for us
Epistula Magna
ΤΟΥ ΑΓΙΟΥ ΜΑΚΑΡΙΟΥ ΕΠΙΣΤΟΛΗ ΠΡΩΤΗ ΠΡΟΣ ΜΟΝΑΧΟΥΣ
Ὁ τῶν ἁπάντων δεσπότης, ὁ φιλάνθρωπος θεὸς ἀγαθὰς ἀφορμὰς τῷ τῶν ἀνθρώπων γένει χαρίζεται πάντοτε πρὸς τὴν τῶν μελλόντων ἐπίγνωσιν, καὶ τὴν ἐπὶ τὰ κρείττω προκοπὴν ἕκαστον λαμβάνειν βουλόμενος, οἷς νεύματι χρηστότητος ὑποτίθεται, εἰς ἀγαθὸν ἕλκων ἀεὶ τὸν κατ' εἰκόνα αὐτοῦ γεγενημένον ἄνθρωπον· τῆς γὰρ ψυχῆς κατὰ φύσιν τὴν ἐπὶ τὰ καλὰ ῥοπὴν ἐχούσης καὶ τῶν κρειττόνων ἐπιθυμεῖν σπευδούσης τὸ τῆς κακίας ἀριστερὸν μέρος πανουργίᾳ δεινῇ ταῖς ἁπλουστέραις ψυχαῖς φαντασίαν καλῶν πάντοτε προβάλλεται εἰς ἐπισκότωσιν τῶν ὄντως καλῶν. διὸ ἡ τῆς χάριτος τοῦ θεοῦ ἀνεκδιήγητος ἀγάπη γνῶσιν ἀληθείας διὰ τῶν θεοπνεύστων γραφῶν διδάσκει ἡμᾶς κατὰ τὸν λέγοντα· Χρηστότητα καὶ παιδείαν καὶ γνῶσιν δίδαξόν με, ἵνα οὕτως ἰσχύσωμεν τὴν πάντων τῶν κακῶν αἰτίαν ἄγνοιαν ἀπώσασθαι καὶ τὴν ἐν ἡμῖν οὖσαν σαρκικὴν καὶ ἄλογον φρόνησιν δολερῶς ἐπαγγελίᾳ γνώσεως κρατυνομένην τῷ φωτὶ τῆς ἀληθοῦς γνώσεως ὁδηγούμενοι παντελῶς ἐξελάσαι δυνηθῶμεν, σωτηρίας αἰτίαν τὴν γνῶσιν τῆς ἀληθείας μεμαθηκότες εἶναι. Ἐπεὶ τοίνυν καὶ ὑμεῖς, ὦ ποθεινότατοι καὶ ἀγαπητοὶ ἀδελφοί, πολλάκις παρ' ἡμῶν ᾐτήσατε λόγον ἐκθέσθαι, 234 ὁποῖον χρὴ τρόπον ἔχειν τὸν ἀναχωρήσαντα τῶν σαρκικῶν ἡδονῶν καὶ τῆς πολιτείας τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου .... ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ δὲ κατὰ τὸν ἐν ταῖς πράξεσιν ἀποστολικὸν χαρακτῆρα συνεληλυθότας ἱερὸν συγκρότημα καὶ στῖφος ἀδελφότητος γεγενημένον συνεῖναι εὐσεβῶς ἀλλήλοις διὰ παντὸς ἑλομένους, ὅπως τε ἀλλήλων συνδιατριβὴν ποιεῖσθαι δέοι, ποίαν δὲ ἔχειν χρὴ τὴν τῶν ἠθῶν κατάστασιν, τίς δὲ ὁ σκοπὸς τῆς ἄκρας ἀρετῆς ὁδοῦ καὶ τί τὸ θέλημα τοῦ θεοῦ τὸ ἀγαθὸν καὶ εὐάρεστον καὶ τέλειον, ὁποῖός τε ὁ δρόμος καὶ ἀγὼν τῶν εἰς τὸ τέλειον ἐπιθυμούντων φθάσαι καὶ εἰς μέτρον τῆς πνευματικῆς ἡλικίας καταντῆσαι σπευδόντων· καὶ ἵνα μὴ εἰς μακρὸν παρατείνωμεν τὸν λόγον, ταῦτα καὶ τὰ τούτοις ἀκόλουθα ᾐτήσατε παρ' ἡμῶν διὰ γράμματος ὑμῖν χαραχθῆναι εἰς ὑπόμνησιν συνεχῆ ψυχωφελοῦς μελέτης, πεπεισμένοι δηλονότι περὶ τοῦ εὐσεβοῦς τῆς ὀρθοδόξου πίστεως δόγματος, μίαν εἶναι θεότητα τῆς προσκυνητῆς καὶ μακαρίας τριάδος, μίαν οὐσίαν, ἓν θέλημα, μίαν δόξαν, μίαν προσκύνησιν προσφέρειν ταῖς τρισὶ τῆς μιᾶς θεότητος ὑποστάσεσι, καθὼς καὶ ἐν τῷ ἁγίῳ μυστηρίῳ τοῦ βαπτίσματος εὐσεβῶς τὴν καλὴν ὁμολογίαν ἐνώπιον πολλῶν μαρτύρων ὡμολογήσαμεν. διὰ τοῦτο καὶ ἡμεῖς τὴν πολλὴν ὑμῶν ἐπὶ τὸ ἀγαθὸν ὁρμὴν θεασάμενοι καὶ τὴν ἐπὶ τὸ ἄκρον τῆς ἀρετῆς ἐπιθυμίαν ἰδόντες δι' ὀλίγων ὑπόμνησιν ποιῆσαι οὐκ ὠκνήσαμεν, ἐξ αὐτῶν τῶν θεοπνεύστων γραφῶν τὰς ἀφορμὰς τῶν νοημάτων λαβόντες· ἅμα δὲ καὶ αὐτὰς τὰς γραφικὰς μαρτυρίας εἰς πληροφορίαν ἀδιστάκτου πίστεως παρεθέμεθα, ἵνα μή τις δόξῃ ἡμᾶς ἀφ' ἑαυτῶν τι λέγειν καὶ ὡς ὑπέρογκα ματαιότητος φρονοῦντας ὑποπτεύσῃ. 235 Ἔστω τοίνυν προηγουμένως πᾶσι τοῖς ἀφιερώσασιν ἑαυτοὺς τῷ θεῷ καὶ τὰ σώματα αὐτῶν θυσίαν ζῶσαν ἁγίαν εὐάρεστον τῷ θεῷ τὴν λογικὴν λατρείαν παριστᾶν πάντοτε σπουδάζουσι σκοπὸς ὁ τῆς εὐσεβείας προκείμενος φωτισμὸς [καὶ] εἰς τὸ πιστεύειν κατὰ τὰς ἱερὰς τῶν εὐαγγελίων καὶ τῶν λοιπῶν γραφῶν ἐπαγγελίας, ἐπιδιδόντας ἑαυτοὺς εἰς πᾶν ἔργον ἀγαθὸν καὶ εἰς πᾶσαν ἀρετῆς ἐπιτήδευσιν· πεπεῖσθαί τε βεβαίως, ὅτι διὰ τῆς χάριτος τοῦ Χριστοῦ καὶ τῆς θείας δυνάμεως παντελῶς τὴν ἴασιν καὶ τὴν κάθαρσιν τῶν τῆς ἀτιμίας παθῶν δυνατὸν ἐν ἡμῖν γενέσθαι τῶν ἐνεργουμένων ἐν τῇ ψυχῇ καὶ τῷ σώματι, ὅτι τὰ παρ' ἡμῖν ἀδύνατα