Fragmenta ex commentariis in Proverbia

FROM THE WORKS OF ORIGEN ON THE PROVERBS OF SOLOMON.

13.17 CHAP. I. The Proverbs of Solomon, the son of David. The Son of David is also called the Savior. This is our peaceful Savior, who came from the seed of David, according to the flesh, and reigned in Israel. Therefore it was also inscribed, as He was fulfilling the economy for humanity: This is the King of the Jews. The Jews are Israel, over whom the peaceful Savior reigns as over the discerning, if they are truly Israel. For not all who are the seed of Abraham are also children, because they do not do the works of Abraham. To know wisdom and instruction. Wisdom is the comprehension of divine and human affairs 13.20; but according to some, it is a vapor of the power of God, and a pure emanation of the glory of the Almighty; for nothing defiled falls into it; for it is a reflection of eternal light, and a spotless mirror of the working of God, and an image of His goodness. He who knows the works of wisdom, knows these things, that is, the reflection of the eternal, and the spotless mirror of the working of God, and the image of His goodness. And these things are nothing other than to know the Son of God's love, and wisdom, who is Christ. For Christ is the power of God and the wisdom of God. But this is not revealed by flesh and blood, but by the heavenly Father. He knows wisdom who knows the science of the divine, legal and prophetic, as well as the evangelical and apostolic oracles. He lays the foundation upon the rock, that is, on faith in Christ, so as to withstand the rains, and winds, and spirits, that is, the temptations that arise from anywhere. But if Luke says that he praised the steward of unrighteousness, he used the term loosely, taking the praise for his cleverness, and for the sharpness of his mind; which seems to be indicated also in this, "But the serpent was more shrewd than all the beasts," according to which it is also said, "Be wise as the serpent"; as if not to be ignorant of the wiles of the serpent. And he will understand a parable and a dark saying, the words of the wise and their riddles. What difference these have from one another, let us consider; and first, let us see what a parable is, from the starting points we have in the Gospels. For others have used the name of parable, and Matthew thus: On that day, Jesus went out of the house and sat by the sea, and all the crowd stood on the shore, and He spoke many things to them in parables: "Behold, the sower went out to sow." A parable, therefore, is an account as if about something that happened, which did not happen literally, but could happen, tropologically indicating things by a transference from what is said in the parable. For "The sower went out" did not happen literally, as we say historical things happen; yet it is possible for it to happen literally: "Behold, the sower went out," etc. I, however, think that Jesus, speaking in parables to those outside, to whom, because they were outside, it was not given to know the mysteries of the kingdom of God, had gone out of the house, as Matthew recorded, not making this statement without cause and reason, "On that day, Jesus went out of the house and sat by the sea." For it was fitting for Him to go out of the house to those who could not enter it, but were outside of it. That something of this sort was understood by Matthew in this passage will be clear to one who has observed what follows: For, he says, "Having left the crowds, He went into His house," and He reveals the meaning of the parable to His disciples. For observe in these things how Jesus spoke to the crowds in 13.21 parables, and without a parable

Fragmenta ex commentariis in Proverbia

ΕΚ ΤΩΝ ΩΡΙΓΕΝΟΥΣ ΕΙΣ ΤΑΣ ΠΑΡΟΙΜΙΑΣ ΣΟΛΟΜΩΝΤΟΣ.

13.17 ΚΕΦ. Αʹ. Παροιμίαι Σολομῶντος υἱοῦ ∆αυΐδ. Υἱὸς ∆αυῒδ καὶ ὁ Σωτὴρ λέγεται. Οὗτος εἰρηνικὸς ἡμῶν Σωτὴρ ὁ γενόμενος ἐκ σπέρματος ∆αυῒδ, τὸ κατὰ σάρκα, ἐβασίλευσεν ἐν Ἰσραήλ. ∆ιὸ καὶ ἐπεγράφη τὴν ὑπὲρ ἀνθρώπων οἰκονομίαν τελῶν· Οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ βασι λεὺς τῶν Ἰουδαίων. Ἰουδαῖοί εἰσιν, ὁ Ἰσραὴλ, ὧνεἰρηνικὸς Σωτὴρ βασιλεύει ὡς διορατικῶν, ἐὰν ὦσιν ἀληθῶς Ἰσραήλ. Οὐ γὰρ ὅσοι σπέρμα τοῦ Ἀβραὰμ, πάντως καὶ τέκνα, τῷ μὴ ποιεῖν τὰ ἔργα τοῦ Ἀβραάμ. Τοῦ γνῶναι σοφίαν καὶ παιδείαν. Σοφία ἐστὶν ἐπιστήμη θείων καὶ ἀνθρωπίνων πραγμάτων κατά 13.20 ληψις· κατὰ δέ τινας, ἀτμίς ἐστι τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ δυ νάμεως, καὶ ἀπόῤῥοια τῆς τοῦ Παντοκράτορος δόξης εἰλικρινής· οὐδὲν γὰρ εἰς αὐτὴν σκοτεινὸν ἐμπίπτει· ἀπαύγασμα γάρ ἐστι φωτὸς ἀϊδίου, καὶ ἔσοπτρον ἀκηλίδωτον τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐνεργείας, καὶ εἰκὼν τῆς ἀγαθότητος αὐτοῦ. Ὁ γινώσκων ἔργα σοφίας, ταῦτα γινώσκει, τουτέστι, τὸ ἀπαύγα σμα τοῦ ἀϊδίου, καὶ τὸ ἀκηλίδωτον ἔσοπτρον τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐνεργείας, καὶ τὴν εἰκόνα τῆς ἀγαθότητος αὐτοῦ. Ταῦτα δὲ οὐδὲν ἕτερόν ἐστιν ἢ γνῶναι τὸν Υἱὸν τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ ἀγάπης, καὶ τὴν σοφίαν τὸν Χρι στόν. Χριστὸς γὰρ Θεοῦ δύναμις καὶ Θεοῦ σοφία. Τοῦτο δὲ οὐκ ἀπὸ σαρκὸς καὶ αἵματος, ἀλλ' ἀπὸ τοῦ οὐρανίου Πατρὸς ἀποκαλύπτεται. Γινώσκει δὲ σοφίαν, καὶ ὁ τὴν ἐπιστήμην εἰδὼς τῶν θείων, νομικῶν καὶ προφητικῶν, εὐαγγελικῶν τε καὶ ἀποστολικῶν λο γίων. Ἐπὶ τὴν πέτραν τίθησι τὸν θεμέλιον, τουτέ στιν ἐπὶ τῇ πίστει Χριστοῦ, ὡς ἀντέχειν πρὸς βρο χὰς, καὶ ἀνέμους, καὶ πνεύματα, δηλαδὴ τοὺς ὁθεν οῦν γινομένους πειρασμούς. Εἰ δέ φησιν ὁ Λουκᾶς ὡς ἐπῄνεσε τὸν οἰκονόμον τῆς ἀδικίας, κατεχρήσατο, τὸν ἔπαινον ἐπὶ τῆς ἐντρεχείας λαβὼν, διά τε τῆς δια νοίας ὀξύ· ὅπερ ἔοικε δηλοῦσθαι κἀν τῷ, Ὁ δὲ ὄφις φρονιμώτατος πάντων τῶν θηρίων, καθ' ὃ λέλεκται καὶ τὸ, Γίνεσθε φρόνιμοι ὡς ὁ ὄφις· οἱονεὶ μὴ ἄπειροι τῶν τοῦ ὄφεως πανουργημάτων. Νοήσει τε παραβολὴν καὶ σκοτεινὸν λόγον, ῥή σεις τε σοφῶν καὶ αἰνίγματα. Τίνα διαφορὰν ἔχει ταῦτα πρὸς ἄλληλα, κατανοήσωμεν· καὶ πρῶτον τί ποτέ ἐστι παραβολὴ ἴδωμεν, ἀφ' ὧν ἔχομεν εὐαγγε λικῶν ἀφορμῶν. Ἐχρήσαντο γὰρ τῷ ὀνόματι τῆς παραβολῆς ἄλλοι τε, καὶ Ματθαῖος οὕτως· Ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ, ἐξελθὼν ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἐκ τῆς οἰκίας ἐκάθητο παρὰ τὴν θάλασσαν, καὶ πᾶς ὁ ὄχλος ἐπὶ τὸν αἰγιαλὸν εἱστήκει, καὶ ἐλάλησεν αὐτοῖς πολλὰ ἐν παραβολαῖς· Ἰδοὺ ἐξῆλθεν ὁ σπείρων τοῦ σπεῖραι. Ἔστι τοίνυν παραβολὴ λόγος ὡς περὶ γενομένου, μὴ γενομένου μὲν κατὰ τὸ ῥητὸν, δυνα μένου δὲ γενέσθαι, τροπικῶς δηλωτικὸς πραγμάτων ἐκ μεταλήψεως τῶν ἐν τῇ παραβολῇ λελεγμένων. Οὐ γὰρ γέγονε κατὰ τὴν λέξιν τὸ, Ἐξῆλθεν ὁ σπείρων, ὡς λέγομεν γεγονέναι τὰ τῆς ἱστορίας· πλὴν δυνατὸν γενέσθαι κατὰ τὸ ῥητόν· Ἰδοὺ ἐξῆλθεν ὁ σπείρων, κ. τ. ἑ. Ἐγὼ μέντοι νομίζω τοῖς ἔξω λαλοῦντα τὸν Ἰησοῦν ἐν παραβολαῖς, οἷς, διὰ τὸ εἶναι ἔξω, οὐκ ἐδέ δοτο εἰδέναι τὰ μυστήρια τῆς βασιλείας τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἐξεληλυθέναι τῆς οἰκίας, ὡς ὁ Ματθαῖος ἀνέγραψεν, οὐ χωρὶς αἰτίας καὶ λόγου ποιήσας τὸ, Ἐν τῇ ἡμέ ρᾳ ἐκείνῃ, ἐξελθὼν ὁ Ἰησοῦς τῆς οἰκίας, ἐκάθητο παρὰ τὴν θάλασσαν. Ἔπρεπε γὰρ πρὸς τοὺς μὴ χωροῦντας εἰσελθεῖν αὐτοὺς εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν, ἀλλ' ὄντας ἔξω αὐτῆς, ἐξελθεῖν αὐτῆς. Ὅτι δὲ τοιοῦτόν τι τῷ Ματθαίῳ κατὰ τὸν τόπον νενόηται, σαφὲς ἔσται τῷ τετηρηκότι τὰ ἐπιφερόμενα· Ἀφεὶς γὰρ, φησὶ, τοὺς ὄχλους, εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν αὑτοῦ, καὶ τοῖς μαθηταῖς ἀνακαλύπτει τὰ τῆς παραβολῆς. Παρατή ρει γὰρ ἐν τούτοις τίνα τρόπον τοῖς ὄχλοις ἐν παρα 13.21 βολαῖς ὁ Ἰησοῦς λάλει, καὶ χωρὶς παραβολῆς