Fragments on the Epistle to the Romans (in catenae) 470 Rο+m1,1 He prefixed "Paul," wishing not even to open his mouth without remembering the master's beneficence, as for example: Paul, he says, who has this very calling from beneficence, from grace, from the master's generosity; Paul, who bears all things from Christ, the calling, the grace, the way of life. A slave; for I have been sold entirely to him, having been freed from the law and from sin. a slave; this is my dignity, by this I wish to be known to all. Those who live in the world wish to be designated by their worldly dignities, recording themselves as consuls and generals, but for Paul it is sufficient for the greatness of his dignity to be a slave of Christ. Rο+m1,2 The gospel of God, because he was announcing God; for Christ whom Paul was announcing was God. Rather, he says, of God the Father; for he spoke through his prophets concerning his true Son. Rο+m1,3-5 And he says "of resurrection," by which our Lord Jesus Christ rose. He did not say "concerning a son of his," but "of his Son," indicating the one who is by nature and uniquely and properly Son and only-begotten. Who was declared, recognized, who came into the knowledge of men; for we are accustomed to recognize through certain definitions what we know with certainty and not in doubt. So then how was he declared? How did he come to be known? from prophetic oracles, from the powers which he performed, from the Holy Spirit which he provided to those who had believed in him, from his rising from the dead; for the convergence of these things distinguishes him from all the others who were called sons by grace, and shows him and teaches all that he is the true and natural Son of God and God. from which we are able, having connected these things directly, both to present the exceptional and unshared character of his sonship and to provide 471 a clear knowledge of him to the faithful, as for example by saying: Christ is the one who was indeed foretold through the prophets, but who was born according to the flesh from the seed of David, and who benefits the race of men by powers and the bestowal of the Holy Spirit, and through his own resurrection put death to death and raised up with himself those who were dead from ages past; this is the Christ, this is the Son of God, as one might say in a definition and a summary. add, if you wish, for a clearer expansion, through whom also Paul received the grace of apostleship, in order to persuade the barbarian nations and prepare them to obey the faith in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that is, to believe in him and worship him as true God and Son of God. Rο+m1,5-7 Grace and apostleship instead of grace for apostleship. This figure of speech is found among many, and especially in the divinely inspired scripture where it is for the most part superfluous. For the obedience of faith. Faith has come to be in his name; for the nations did not see him, but when only his name was preached, they believed. Truly full of grace was the apostleship of the disciples, because they persuaded the nations to obey and believe in Christ, being both men and fishermen and unlettered. To all who are in Rome, beloved. From this very address he prefaces that they should be humble-minded; for by saying "to all" and not dividing them into rulers and ruled, slaves and free, he secretly advises them to consider one another of equal honor. Then, so that they might not say: What then? Do you consider all to be of equal honor, both good and bad, both believers and unbelievers? He added: called to be saints; for all the saints are of equal honor to him, and there is no distinction among them. Called. From where were you called? From what labors? From what achievements? From where are you saints? But from the love of God alone; for he, having loved us freely, and having poured out his blood for us, called us to sanctification and the inheritance of his kingdom. And he calls all believers saints. Rο+m1,11-12 To impart to you a gift is not mine alone, but of the
Fragmenta in epistulam ad Romanos (in catenis) 470 Rο+m1,1 Προέταξε τὸ Παῦλος, μηδὲ διαίρειν στόμα ἄνευ τοῦ μεμνῆσθαι τῆς δεσποτικῆς εὐεργεσίας βουλόμενος, οἷον· Παῦλος, φησίν, ὁ καὶ αὐτὴν τὴν κλῆσιν ἐξ εὐεργεσίας, ἐκ χάριτος, ἐκ φιλοτιμίας ἔχων δεσποτικῆς· Παῦλος, ὁ πάντα φέρων ἀπὸ τοῦ Χριστοῦ, τὴν κλῆσιν, τὴν χάριν, τὴν πολιτείαν. ∆οῦλος· αὐτῷ γὰρ ὅλος πέπραμαι, ἐλευθερωθεὶς ἀπὸ τοῦ νόμου καὶ τῆς ἁμαρτίας. δοῦλος· τοῦτό μου τὸ ἀξίωμα, ἀπὸ τούτου βούλομαι πᾶσι γνωρίζεσθαι. οἱ μὲν ἐν κόσμῳ ἀναστρεφόμενοι ἀπὸ τῶν ἐν κόσμῳ ἀξιωμάτων δηλοῦσθαι βούλονται, ὑπάτους ἑαυτοὺς καὶ στρατηγοὺς ἀναγράφοντες, Παύλῳ δὲ ἀρκεῖ εἰς μέγεθος ἀξιώματος τὸ δοῦλος εἶναι Χριστοῦ. Rο+m1,2 Εὐαγγέλιον θεοῦ, ὅτι θεὸν εὐηγγελίζετο· θεὸς γὰρ ὁ Χριστὸς ὃν ὁ Παῦλος εὐηγγελίζετο. μᾶλλον δὲ θεοῦ τοῦ πατρὸς λέγει· οὗτος γὰρ διὰ τῶν προφητῶν αὐτοῦ περὶ τοῦ ἀληθῶς υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ ἐλάλησεν. Rο+m1,3-5 Ἀναστάσεως δέ φησιν, ἧς ἀνέστη ὁ κύριος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦς Χριστός. οὐκ εἶπεν περὶ υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ, ἀλλὰ τοῦ υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ, τὸν φύσει καὶ ἕνα καὶ κυρίως υἱὸν καὶ μονογενῆ δηλῶν. Τοῦ ὁρισθέντος, ἐπιγνωσθέντος, εἰς γνῶσιν ἀνθρώποις ἐλθόντος· εἰώθαμεν γὰρ δι' ὁρισμῶν τινων ἐπιγινώσκειν ἃ βεβαίως καὶ οὐκ ἐν δισταγμῷ ἐπιστάμεθα. εἶτα πῶς οὖν ὡρίσθη; πῶς εἰς γνῶσιν ἧκεν; ἐκ προφητικῶν χρησμῶν, ἐκ τῶν δυνάμεων ἃς ἐπετέλει, ἐκ τοῦ πνεύματος τοῦ ἁγίου ὃ παρεῖχεν τοῖς εἰς αὐτὸν πεπιστευκόσιν, ἐκ τοῦ ἀναστῆναι αὐτὸν ἐκ νεκρῶν· τούτων γὰρ ἡ συνδρομὴ διορίζει αὐτὸν ἐκ τῶν ἄλλων ἁπάντων τῶν κατὰ χάριν κληθέντων υἱῶν, καὶ δείκνυσιν αὐτὸν καὶ διδάσκει πάντας αὐτὸν εἶναι τὸν ἀληθῆ καὶ φύσει υἱὸν τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ θεόν. ὅθεν δυνάμεθα καὶ κατ' εὐθείαν ταῦτα συνείραντες, τό τε ἐξαίρετον τῆς υἱότητος αὐτοῦ καὶ ἀκοινώνητον παραστῆσαι καὶ τὴν 471 περὶ αὐτοῦ γνῶσιν σαφῆ τοῖς πιστοῖς παρασχέσθαι, οἷον λέγοντες· Χριστός ἐστιν ὁ διὰ τῶν προφητῶν μὲν προκηρυχθείς, γενόμενος δὲ κατὰ σάρκα ἐκ σπέρματος ∆αυίδ, δυνάμεσι δὲ καὶ πνεύματος ἁγίου χορηγίᾳ τὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων γένος εὐεργετῶν καὶ διὰ τῆς οἰκείας ἀναστάσεως θάνατον νεκρώσας καὶ συναναστήσας τοὺς ἀπ' αἰῶνος νεκρούς· οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ Χριστός, οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ, ὡς ἔστιν ἐν ἀφορισμῷ καὶ συνόψει εἰπεῖν. πρόσθες εἰ βούλει πρὸς ἐξάπλωσιν σαφεστέραν, δι' οὗ καὶ Παῦλος ἔλαβε χάριν ἀποστολῆς, εἰς τὸ πεῖσαι τὰ βάρβαρα ἔθνη καὶ παρασκευάσαι ὑπακοῦσαι τῇ πίστει τῇ εἰς τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, τοῦτ' ἔστι πιστεῦσαι εἰς αὐτὸν καὶ λατρεύειν αὐτῷ ὡς ἀληθινῷ θεῷ καὶ υἱῷ θεοῦ. Rο+m1,5-7 Χάριν καὶ ἀποστολὴν ἀντὶ τοῦ χάριν εἰς ἀποστολήν. ἔστι δὲ παρὰ πολλοῖς τὸ τοιοῦτον σχῆμα τοῦ λόγου, καὶ μάλιστα παρὰ τῇ θεοπνεύστῳ γραφῇ ὡς ἐπίπαν ὁ καὶ παρέλκει. Εἰς ὑπακοὴν πίστεως. ἡ πίστις εἰς τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ γέγονεν· αὐτὸν γὰρ τὰ ἔθνη οὐκ ἐθεάσατο, ἀλλὰ μόνου κηρυττομένου τοῦ ὀνόματος ἐκεῖνοι ἐπίστευον. ὄντως πλήρης ἦν χάριτος ἡ ἀποστολὴ τῶν μαθητῶν, ὅτι ἔπεισαν ὑπακοῦσαι καὶ πιστεῦσαι τὰ ἔθνη τῷ Χριστῷ, καὶ τό τε ἄνθρωποι καὶ ἁλιεῖς καὶ ἀγράμματοι. Πᾶσι τοῖς οὖσιν ἐν Ῥώμῃ ἀγαπητοῖς. ἐξ αὐτῆς τῆς προσφωνήσεως ταπεινοφρονεῖν αὐτοὺς προοιμιάζεται· εἰπὼν γὰρ πᾶσι καὶ μὴ μερίσας εἰς ἄρχοντας καὶ ἀρχομένους, δούλους καὶ ἐλευθέρους, ὁμοτίμους ἀλλήλους ἡγεῖσθαι λεληθότως συμβουλεύει. εἶτα, ἵνα μὴ εἴπωσιν· τί οὖν; πάντας ὁμοτίμους ἡγῇ, καὶ ἀγαθοὺς καὶ φαύλους, καὶ πιστοὺς καὶ ἀπίστους; ἐπισυνῆψε· κλητοῖς ἁγίοις· ἅπαντες γὰρ αὐτῷ οἱ ἅγιοι ὁμότιμοι, καὶ διαστολὴ οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν αὐτοῖς. Κλητοῖς. πόθεν ἐκλήθητε; ἐκ ποίων πόνων; ἐκ ποίων κατορθωμάτων; πόθεν ἐστὲ ἅγιοι; ἀλλ' ἢ ἐκ μόνης τῆς ἀγάπης θεοῦ· αὐτὸς γὰρ δωρεὰν ἀγαπήσας ἡμᾶς, καὶ τὸ αἷμα αὐτοῦ ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν ἐκχέας, ἐκάλεσεν ἡμᾶς εἰς ἁγιασμὸν καὶ κληρονομίαν τῆς βασιλείας αὐτοῦ. ἁγίους δὲ τοὺς πιστοὺς καλεῖ πάντας. Rο+m1,11-12 Τὸ μεταδοῦναι ὑμῖν χάρισμα οὐκ ἔστιν ἐμὸν μόνον, ἀλλὰ τῆς