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Homilies

Homily of our father among the saints, Asterius bishop of Amasea, from the Gospel according to Luke on the rich man and on Lazarus

1.1.1 Not only by negative and dogmatic decrees does our God and savior instruct men, so that they hate evil and love virtue, but also by clear examples He hands down plain lessons of good conduct, bringing us by deeds as well as words to the comprehension of the good and God-loving life. 1.1.2 So too now, having often spoken to us through the mouths of prophets and evangelists, and not only that but also by His own voice, to turn away from proud and arrogant wealth, but to love a philanthropic mind and poverty with righteousness, in order that He might make the good counsel more firm, He confirms the word with practical examples and describes in the narrative the rich man and the poor man, 1.1.3 and He shows the ostentatious enjoyment of the one, and the afflicted life of the other, and the end to which the life of both came, so that by considering the truth in the pursuits of others we might become sober judges of our own. 1.2.1 There was a certain rich man who was clothed in purple and fine linen. Through two brief nouns the account mocks and satirizes the soft and excessive extravagance of those who are wrongly rich. For the color of purple is very expensive and elaborate; and the use of fine linen is not necessary. But for those who choose a well-ordered and simple life, it is proper and fitting to measure use by the need for necessities, and to flee the dregs of vain glory and a life of great softness as the mother of evil. 1.2.2 And that we might learn more clearly the force of this very thing which is said, let the primary use of garments be discerned, to what extent and for what it will be taken, being encompassed by the limits and rules of moderation. What, then, does the law of righteousness say? God created the sheep with a fine fleece and abounding in wool; take this, shear it, and give the material to the weaver's art, make for yourself a tunic and a cloak, so that you may escape the hardship of winter and the harm of the burning ray. 1.2.3 But if you also need lighter clothing during the summer season, God has given the use of linen for a wider enjoyment; and it is very easy for you from there to acquire a seemly covering that both clothes and cools by its lightness. And enjoying these things, confess your gratitude to the creator for the things which He not only made for us, but also by which he provided for the security of life. 1.2.4 But if, abandoning the sheep and the wool and the necessary provision of the creator of all things, you live extravagantly with vain devices and foolish desires, seeking out fine linen and gathering the threads of Persian worms, and weaving an airy spider's web, and going to the flower-dyer you pay lavish wages, so that having hunted the shellfish from the sea you might smear the garment with the blood of the animal, this is the action of a pampered man who misuses his possessions, not having a place to pour out his excess. And for this reason such a one is rightly scourged by the gospel, being accused as a fool and an effeminate man, adorning himself with the ornaments of wretched little girls. 1.3.1 Others again are lovers of the same vanity in their opinion; or rather, having practiced vice to a greater degree, they did not even set the limits of their foolish devising up to the things that have been mentioned, but having invented a certain empty and elaborate weaving, which in the intertwining of the warp with the woof

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Homiliae

Τοῦ ἐν ἁγίοις πάτρος ἡμῶν Ἀστερίου ἐπισκόπου Ἀμασείας ὁμιλία ἐκ τοῦ κατὰ Λουκᾶν εὐαγγελίου εἰς τὸν πλούσιον καὶ εἰς τὸν Λάζαρον

1.1.1 Οὐ τοῖς ἀποφατικοῖς καὶ δογματικοῖς μόνον θεσπίσμασιν ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν καὶ σωτὴρ παιδεύει τοὺς ἀνθρώπους, ὥστε μισεῖν κακίαν καὶ ἀγαπᾶν ἀρετήν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῖς ἐναργέσι τῶν ὑποδειγμάτων σαφῆ παραδίδωσι τὰ τῆς ἀγαθῆς πολιτείας μαθήματα, ἔργοις ὅμου καὶ λόγοις προσβιβάζων ἡμᾶς τῇ καταλήψει τῆς ἀγαθῆς καὶ φιλοθέου ζωῆς. 1.1.2 Οὕτω τοι καὶ νῦν πολλαχοῦ προειρηκὼς ἡμῖν διά τε προφητικῶν καὶ εὐαγγελικῶν στομάτων, οὐ μὴν ἀλλὰ καὶ διὰ οἰκείας φωνῆς, ἀποστρέφεσθαι μὲν τὸν ὑπερήφανον καὶ ὑψαύχενα πλοῦτον, ἀγαπᾶν δὲ γνώμην φιλάνθρωπον καὶ τὴν μετὰ δικαιοσύνης πενίαν, ἵνα τὴν τοῦ καλοῦ συμβουλὴν βεβαιοτέραν ἐργάσηται, τεκμηριοῖ τὸν λόγον πρακτικοῖς ὑποδείγμασι καὶ γράφει τῇ διηγήσει τὸν πλούσιον καὶ τὸν πένητα, 1.1.3 καὶ τοῦ μὲν τὴν φιλότιμον ἀπόλαυσιν, τοῦ δὲ τὴν τεθλιμμένην ζωὴν ὑποδείκνυσι καὶ τὸ τέλος ἀμφοτέρων τοῦ βίου εἰς ὅ τι κατέληξεν, ἵνα τοῖς ἀλλοτρίοις ἐπιτηδεύ μασι σκεψάμενοι τὴν ἀλήθειαν σώφρονες γενώμεθα τῶν ἰδίων κριταί. 1.2.1 Ἄνθρωπός τις ἦν πλούσιος καὶ ἐνεδιδύσκετο πορφύραν καὶ βύσσον. ∆ιὰ δύο συντόμων ὀνομάτων ὁ λόγος σκώπτει καὶ κωμῳδεῖ τὴν πλαδῶσαν καὶ ἄμετρον τῶν κακῶς πλουτούντων διάχυσιν. Τῆς μὲν γὰρ πορφύρας τὸ χρῶμα πολυδάπανον καὶ περίεργον· τῆς δὲ βύσσου οὐκ ἀναγκαία ἡ χρῆσις. Τῶν δὲ τὴν εὐπολίτευτον ζωὴν αἱρουμένων καὶ ἀπερίεργον οἰκεῖον καὶ φίλον τὸ τῇ χρείᾳ τῶν ἀναγκαίων τὴν χρῆσιν μετρεῖν, φεύγειν δὲ τῆς ματαίου κενοδοξίας τὸν συρφετὸν καὶ τὴν πολύπλαδον διαγωγὴν ὡς κακίας μητέρα. 1.2.2 Καὶ ἵνα σαφέστερον αὐτοῦ τούτου τοῦ λεγομένου τὴν δύναμιν καταμάθωμεν, ἡ τῶν ἐνδυμάτων πρώτη διαγνωσθήτω χρῆσις, μέχρι πόσου καὶ τίνος παραληφθήσεται ὅροις καὶ κανόσι περιλαμβανομένη σώφροσιν. Τί τοίνυν ὁ τοῦ δικαίου νόμος φησίν; Πρόβατον ὁ Θεὸς ἔκτισεν εὔκομον τὴν δορὰν καὶ τοῖς μαλλοῖς εὐθηνούμενον· τοῦτο λαβὼν ἀπόκειρον καὶ δὸς ὑφαντικῇ τέχνῃ τὴν ὕλην, χιτῶνα σαυτῷ καὶ ἱμάτιον κατασκεύασον, ὅπως ἂν διαφεύγῃς χειμῶνος ταλαιπωρίαν καὶ τῆς ζεούσης ἀκτῖνος τὴν βλάβην. 1.2.3 Εἰ δέ σοι καὶ κουφοτέρας ἐσθῆτος χρεία κατὰ τὴν ὥραν τοῦ θέρους, ἔδωκεν ὁ Θεὸς τοῦ λίνου τὴν χρῆσιν εἰς πλατυτέραν ἀπόλαυσιν· καί σοι ῥᾷστον ἐκεῖθεν κτήσασθαι σκέπην εὐσχήμονα ἀμφιεννῦσαν ὁμοῦ καὶ ἀναψύχουσαν τῇ κουφότητι. Καὶ τούτων ἀπολαύων ὁμολόγει τῷ κτίστῃ τὴν χάριν ὑπὲρ ὧν οὐκ ἐποίησεν μόνον ἡμᾶς, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῆς πρὸς τὸ ζῆν ἀσφαλείας ἐφρόντισεν. 1.2.4 Ἂν δὲ καταλιμπάνων τὸ πρόβατον καὶ τὸ ἔριον καὶ τὴν ἀναγκαίαν τοῦ δημιουργοῦ τῶν ὅλων παρασκευὴν ταῖς ματαίαις ἐπινοίαις καὶ ταῖς ἐμπλήκτοις ἐπιθυμίαις ἐκδιαιτώμενος τὴν βύσσον ἐπιζητῇς καὶ συνάγῃς τὰ τῶν περσικῶν σκωλήκων νήματα, ἱστὸν δὲ ἀράχνης ἀνεμιαῖον ὑφαίνῃς, καὶ πρὸς τὸν ἀνθόβαφον ἐρχόμενος μισθοὺς τελῇς δαψιλεῖς, ἵνα τὸν κόχλον ἐκ θαλάσσης θηρεύσας τῷ αἵματι τοῦ ζῴου χρίσῃ τὸ ἔνδυμα, τοῦτο ὑπερμαζῶντος ἐστιν ἀνθρώπου παραχρωμένου τῇ κτήσει, οὐκ ἔχοντος ὅπου τὸ περιττεῦον ἐκχέῃ. Καὶ διὰ τοῦτο εἰκότως ὁ τοιοῦτος μαστίζεται παρὰ τοῦ εὐαγγελίου κατηγορούμενος ὡς βλὰξ καὶ θηλυδρίας, κόσμοις ἀθλίων κορασίων καλλωπιζόμενος. 1.3.1 Ἄλλοι πάλιν κατὰ τὴν γνώμην τῆς ὁμοίας ματαιότητος ἐρασταί· μᾶλλον δὲ πρὸς τὸ πλέον τὴν κακίαν ἀσκήσαντες οὐδὲ μέχρι τῶν εἰρημένων ἔστησαν τῆς μωρᾶς ἐπινοίας τοὺς ὅρους, ἀλλά τινα κενὴν ὑφαντικὴν ἐξευρόντες καὶ περίεργον, ἥτις τῇ πλοκῇ τοῦ στήμονος πρὸς τὴν κρόκην