From Theodora other sons were born to him, both the aforementioned Dalmatius and Hannibalianus and Constantius; whom Constantine honored both as Caesars and Nobilissimi. Of these, Constantius, from the wife joined to him, begets both Gallus and Julian, who was called the Apostate because he renounced Christ and turned to the Hellenic religion. Ebd. 41 Julians Rede You know... that the empire is more fitting for our line; for my father Constantius was born to my grandfather Constantius from Theodora, the daughter of Maximian; but Constantine was born to him from Helen, a woman of low birth and no different from a prostitute, and this when he was not yet a Caesar but was in the station of a private citizen. Constantine, therefore, by boldness of mind seized the empire and unjustly killed my father and both of his brothers. 3.1α Artemii Passio 8: When the great Constantine had just died, the rule of the Romans was divided into three jurisdictions, his sons Constantine, Constantius, and Constans having divided these. And to the first, Constantine, the upper Gauls and the regions beyond the Alps and the Britannic Isles and as far as the western Ocean were given as his portion; while to Constans, as the last, the lower Gauls, that is the Italies, and Rome itself. But Constantius, the second of Constantine's sons, who was at that time in charge of affairs in the East fighting against the Persians, embraces the part of the Orient; and he makes both Byzantium, renamed Constantinople and New Rome, his capital and places as many parts from Illyricum to the Propontis as were subject to the Romans, and Syria and Palestine and Mesopotamia and Egypt and all the islands, as subject to his own rule and administration. Ebd. 9: As has been said, then, there being three emperors and each of them ruling his own portion, the first of them, Constantine, having departed from his own share and come against the inheritance of his youngest brother, while the latter was away in Rome, attempted to perpetrate some injustice against his brother. And he slandered him in his absence, saying that the affairs had not been well divided, and that he had usurped the largest part of the rule that was due to him. But the generals and guards of the land whom Constans had appointed said that without his decision and counsel they were not able to alter anything small or great; for it would be impious. But he prepared for war and took up arms against the one who had done no wrong. Constantine, therefore, falls while fighting in the war, and desiring the portion of others, he also lost what he seemed to hold securely. § 10 His people, therefore, go over to Constans, and the entire rule of the West comes under him, who had striven for none of it, God having judged these things, He who said: 'Do not move the boundaries of your fathers, nor touch the furrow of your neighbor'. For he who devises evil against his neighbor brings destruction upon himself, drawing the judgment of God upon himself. Constans, therefore, rules over the whole of the western dominion, having joined the two inheritances into one and having established both parts as one rule. 3.2α Artemii Passio 17: But he who writes the history says such things about Constantius and the martyr (namely Artemius): for it is said about Constantius that not

Θεοδώρας ἕτεροι γεγόνασιν αὐτῷ παῖδες ὅ τε προρρηθεὶς ∆αλμάτιος καὶ Ἀναβαλλιανὸς καὶ Κωνστάντιος· οὓς καὶ Καίσαρας ὁ Κωνσταντῖνος καὶ νοβελλησίμους ἐτίμησε. τούτων ὁ Κωνστάντιος ἐκ τῆς συναφθείσης αὐτῷ γαμετῆς γεννᾷ Γάλλον τε καὶ Ἰουλιανὸν τὸν παραβάτην ἐπικληθέντα διὰ τὸ τὸν Χριστὸν ἐξομόσασθαι καὶ πρὸς τὴν Ἑλληνικὴν ἀποκλῖναι θρησκείαν. Ebd. 41 Julians Rede Οἶδας ... ὅτι τῇ ἡμετέρᾳ ἐστὶν γενεᾷ μᾶλλον ἡ βασιλεία ἁρμόδιος· ὁ γὰρ ἐμὸς πατὴρ Κωνστάντιος ἐκ τῆς Μαξιμιανοῦ θυγατρὸς Θεοδώρας γεγέννηται τῷ ἐμῷ πάππῳ Κώνσταντι· ὁ δὲ Κωνσταντῖνος ἐξ Ἑλένης αὐτῷ γέγονε, φαύλης τινὸς γυναικὸς καὶ τῶν χαμαιτύπων οὐδὲν διαφερούσης, καὶ ταῦτα μήπω γεγονότι Καίσαρι ἀλλ' ἐν ἰδιώτου τυγχάνοντι σχήματι. ὁ τοίνυν Κωνσταντῖνος θρασύτητι γνώμης τὴν βασιλείαν ἀφήρπασε καὶ τὸν ἐμὸν πατέρα καὶ τοὺς αὐτοῦ ἀδελφοὺς ἀμφοτέρους ἀδίκως ἀπέκτεινε. 3.1α Artemii Passio 8: Ἄρτι τοῦ μεγάλου Κωνσταντίνου τελευτήσαντος, ἡ τῶν Ῥωμαίων ἀρχὴ εἰς τρεῖς διῃρέθη ἀρχάς, τῶν υἱῶν αὐτοῦ Κωνσταντίνου Κωνσταντίου τε καὶ Κώνσταντος ταύτας μερισαμένων. καὶ τῷ μὲν πρώτῳ Κωνσταντίνῳ αἱ ἄνω Γαλλίαι καὶ τὰ ἐπέκεινα Ἄλπεων αἵ τε Βρεττανικαὶ νῆσοι καὶ ἕως τοῦ ἑσπερίου Ὠκεανοῦ κλῆρος ἐδόθησαν· τῷ δέ γε Κώνσταντι ὡς ὑστάτῳ αἱ κάτω Γαλλίαι ἤγουν αἱ Ἰταλίαι καὶ αὐτὴ ἡ Ῥώμη. ὁ δὲ Κωνστάντιος ὁδεύτερος τῶν Κωνσταντίνου υἱῶν, ὃς ἦν ἐπὶ τῶν τῆς Ἑῴας τότε πραγμάτων πρὸς τοὺς Πέρσας ἀγωνιζόμενος, τὸ τῆς Ἀνατολῆς ἀσπάζεται μέρος· καὶ τό τε Βυζάντιον μετονομασθὲν εἰς Κωνσταντινούπολιν καὶ νέαν Ῥώμην ποιεῖται βασίλειον καὶ τὰ ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἰλλυρικοῦ μέχρι τῆς Προποντίδος ὁπόσα ὑπήκοα Ῥωμαίοις, τήν τε Συρίαν καὶ Παλαιστίνην καὶ Μεσοποταμίαν καὶ Αἴγυπτον καὶ τὰς νήσους ἁπάσας τῇ αὐτοῦ βασιλείᾳ καὶ πολιτείᾳ ὑποτελῆ καθίστησιν. Ebd. 9: Ὡς οὖν εἴρηται τῶν βασιλέων τριῶν τυγχανόντων καὶ τῆς αὐτοῦ μοίρας ἑκάστου αὐτῶν βασιλεύοντος, ὁ πρῶτος αὐτῶν Κωνσταντῖνος τῆς οἰκείας μερίδος ἀπαναστὰς καὶ πρὸς τὴν τοῦ ἐσχάτου ἀδελφοῦ κληροδοσίαν ἐπανελθών, ἐκείνου πρὸς τὴν Ῥώμην ἀποδημήσαντος, ἐπεχείρει τι τῶν ἀδίκων κατὰ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ διαπράξασθαι. καὶ αὐτὸν μὴ παρόντα διέβαλλεν ὡς οὐ καλῶς τῶν πραγμάτων διανεμηθέντων, καὶ ὅτι πλεῖστον μέρος τῆς αὐτῷ προσηκούσης ἀρχῆς ἐσφετερίσατο. οἱ δὲ τῆς χώρας στρατηγοί τε καὶ φύλακες οὓς ὁ Κώνστας ἐχειροτόνησεν, οὐκ ἔφασαν χωρὶς τῆς ἐκείνου γνώμης τε καὶ βουλῆς δύνασθαί τι μικρὸν ἢ μέγα μετακινεῖν· ἀνόσιον γάρ. ὁ δὲ πρὸς πόλεμον ἀποδύεται καὶ ὅπλα κινεῖ κατὰ τοῦ μηδὲν ἀδικήσαντος. πίπτει τοίνυν ὁ Κωνσταντῖνος ἐν τῷ πολέμῳ μαχόμενος, καὶ τῆς μερίδος τῶν ἀλλοτρίων ἐπιθυμῶν, καὶ ἅπερ ἐδόκει βεβαίως κρατεῖν προσαπώλεσεν. § 10 ὁ τοίνυν τούτου λαὸς ἀποκλίνει πρὸς Κώνσταντα, καὶ γίνεται πᾶσα ἡ τῆς Ἑσπέρας ἀρχὴ ὑπ' ἐκείνῳ μηδὲν περὶ ταύτης σπουδάσαντι, τοῦ θεοῦ ταῦτα δικάσαντος, τοῦ εἰπόντος· «μὴ κίνει ὅρια πατέρων σου, μήτε τοῦ πλησίον καθάπτου τῆς αὔλακος». ὁ γὰρ κατὰ τοῦ πλησίον πονηρευόμενος, αὐτὸς ἑαυτῷ συνεισάγει τὸν ὄλεθρον, τὴν τοῦ θεοῦ δίκην ἐφ' ἑαυτὸν ἐπισπώμενος. βασιλεύει τοίνυν ὁ Κώνστας ἐφ' ὅλης τῆς ἑσπερίου ἀρχῆς, τὰς δύο κληροδοσίας εἰς ἓν συνάψας καὶ μίαν ἀρχὴν ἀμφότερα τὰ μέρη στησάμενος. 3.2α Artemii Passio 17: Ὁ δὲ τὴν ἱστορίαν γράφων τοιαῦτα περὶ Κωνσταντίου καὶ τοῦ μάρτυρος (να̈μλ. Ἀρτεμίου) φάσκει· λέγεται γὰρ δὴ περὶ Κωνσταντίου ὅτι οὐ