2

they preserve flourishing; but writers of prose, using books instead of tablets and the flowers of rhetoric instead of colors, make the memory of events more lasting and permanent; for time mars the art of painters. For this reason I too will attempt to write the remaining parts of the ecclesiastical history; for I did not think it pious to overlook the glory of most brilliant deeds and profitable narratives being plundered by oblivion. For on this account some of my acquaintances have often urged me to this labor; but while I, weighing this work against my own ability, dread the undertaking, yet, trusting in the bountiful Giver of good things, I am undertaking things greater than my own capacity. Eusebius of Palestine, then, beginning his history from the holy apostles, wrote down the events that happened to the churches up to the reign of the God-beloved Constantine; but I shall make the end of that history the beginning of my own history. 5 When those unholy and impious tyrants were overthrown, I mean Maxentius and Maximinus and Licinius, the storm of the church, which those avengers had stirred up like some tempests, was calmed, and it enjoyed a steadfast peace hereafter, the perverse winds having ceased. And Constantine, the all-praised emperor, who "not from men nor through man" but from heaven, according to the divine apostle, received this call, presided over this peace for her. For he wrote laws, forbidding sacrifice to idols, but commanding churches to be built; and he appointed rulers adorned with faith over the nations, ordering them to honor the priests and threatening destruction to those who attempted to behave insolently towards them. Then indeed some raised up the churches that had been destroyed, while others built others more spacious and more splendid. While these things were being done, our affairs were full of festivity and gladness, but those of our opponents were full of dejection and despondency. For the precincts of the idols were closed, but in the churches feasts and festivals were frequently celebrated. But the all-wicked and envious demon, the avenger of men, could not bear seeing the church borne along by favorable winds, but stirred up his evil devices, striving to sink her who is governed by the Maker and Lord of all. He saw the Hellenic error made manifest and the various devices of the demons detected, and that creation was no longer worshipped by most, but the Creator was hymned instead of it. For which reason he no longer openly fanned the flames of war against our God and Savior, but finding men who had been deemed worthy of the Christian 6 name, but were enslaved to ambition and vainglory, he showed these to be instruments of his own devices; and through these he led many back to the former error, not by arranging for creation to be worshipped again, but by causing the Maker and Creator to be ranked with creation. And where and how he sowed the tares, I shall relate. Alexandria is a very great and populous city, entrusted with the rule not only of the Egyptians but also of the Thebans and the Libyans toward Egypt. After that Peter, the victorious champion who, under the impious tyrants, bound on the crown of martyrdom, Achillas for a short time held the rudders of the church of this city, and after him Alexander, who became the noble champion of the evangelical doctrines. At this time Arius, enrolled in the list of presbyters and entrusted with the interpretation of the divine scriptures, seeing that Alexander had been entrusted with the rudders of the high priesthood, did not bear the attack of envy, but being pricked by it, sought occasions for strife and battle. And while he saw the man's praiseworthy conduct, he could not even weave a slander, yet envy prevented him from keeping quiet. Finding this man, the adversary of the truth

2

ἀνθοῦσαν φυλάττουσι· λογογράφοι δέ, ἀντὶ μὲν σανίδων ταῖς βίβλοις ἀντὶ δὲ χρωμάτων τοῖς τῶν λόγων ἄνθεσι κε χρημένοι, διαρκεστέραν καὶ μονιμωτέραν τῶν πεπραγμένων ποιοῦσι τὴν μνήμην· ὁ γὰρ χρόνος λωβᾶται τῶν ζωγράφων τὴν τέχνην. τούτου δὴ χάριν κἀγὼ τῆς ἐκκλησιαστικῆς ἱστορίας τὰ λειπόμενα συγγράψαι πειράσομαι· οὐ γὰρ ὅσιον ᾠήθην λαμπροτάτων ἔργων καὶ ὀνησιφόρων διηγημάτων τὸ κλέος παριδεῖν ὑπὸ τῆς λήθης συλώμε νον. διὰ γὰρ δὴ τοῦτο καὶ τῶν συνήθων τινὲς ἐπὶ τόνδε με τὸν πόνον πολλάκις παρώτρυναν· ἐγὼ δὲ τῇ μὲν ἐμαυτοῦ δυνάμει τόδε τὸ ἔργον σταθμώμενος τὴν ἐγχείρησιν ὀρρωδῶ, θαρρῶν δὲ τῷ φιλο τίμῳ δοτῆρι τῶν ἀγαθῶν μείζοσιν ἢ κατ' ἐμαυτὸν ἐγχειρῶ. Εὐσέβιος μὲν οὖν ὁ Παλαιστῖνος ἀπὸ τῶν ἱερῶν ἀποστόλων τῆς ἱστορίας ἀρξάμενος μέχρι τῆς Κωνσταντίνου θεοφιλοῦς βασιλείας τὰ ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις συμβεβηκότα συνέγραψεν· ἐγὼ δὲ τῆς συγγραφῆς ἐκείνης τὸ τέλος ἀρχὴν τῆς ἱστορίας ποιήσομαι. 5 Τῶν ἀνοσιουργῶν ἐκείνων καὶ δυσσεβῶν καταλυθέντων τυράν νων, Μαξεντίου φημὶ καὶ Μαξιμίνου καὶ Λικιννίου, κατηυνάσθη τῆς ἐκκλησίας ἡ ζάλη, ἣν οἱ ἀλάστορες ἐκεῖνοι καθάπερ τινὲς καταιγίδες ἐκίνησαν, καὶ γαλήνης λοιπὸν ἀπήλαυε σταθερᾶς, τῶν στρεβλῶν παυσαμένων ἀνέμων. καὶ Κωνσταντῖνος δὲ ὁ πανεύφημος βασιλεύς, ὃς " οὐκ ἀπ' ἀνθρώπων οὐδὲ δι' ἀνθρώπου " ἀλλ' οὐρανόθεν κατὰ τὸν θεῖον ἀπόστολον τῆς κλήσεως ταύτης ἔτυχε, ταύτην αὐτῇ ἐπρυτάνευσε. νόμους γὰρ ἔγραψε, θύειν μὲν εἰδώλοις ἀπείργων, δο μᾶσθαι δὲ τὰς ἐκκλησίας παρεγγυῶν· καὶ ἄρχοντας δὲ πίστει κοσμου μένους ἐφίστησι τοῖς ἔθνεσι, γεραίρειν κελεύων τοὺς ἱερέας καὶ τοῖς παροινεῖν εἰς τούτους ἐπιχειροῦσιν ὄλεθρον ἀπειλῶν. τότε δὴ οἱ μὲν τὰς καταλυθείσας ἐκκλησίας ἀνήγειρον, οἱ δὲ ἑτέρας εὐρυτέρας ἀνῳ κοδόμουν καὶ λαμπροτέρας. τούτων οὕτω δρωμένων, τὰ μὲν ἡμέτερα χορείας ἦν ἔμπλεα καὶ θυμηδίας, τὰ δὲ τῶν ἐναντίων κατηφείας καὶ ἀθυμίας μεστά. τὰ μὲν γὰρ τῶν εἰδώλων ἀπεκέκλειστο τεμένη, ἐν δὲ ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις ἑορταὶ καὶ πανηγύρεις ἐπετελοῦντο συχναί. Ἀλλ' ὁ παμπόνηρος καὶ βάσκανος δαίμων, ὁ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἀλάστωρ, οὐκ ἤνεγκεν ἐξ οὐρίων φερομένην τὴν ἐκκλησίαν ὁρῶν, ἀλλὰ τὰς κακομηχάνους ἐκίνει βουλὰς καταδῦσαι φιλονεικῶν τὴν ὑπὸ τοῦ ποιητοῦ καὶ δεσπότου τῶν ὅλων κυβερνωμένην. ἑώρα δὲ τὴν Ἑλληνικὴν πλάνην δήλην γεγενημένην καὶ φωραθέντα τὰ ποικίλα τῶν δαιμόνων τεχνάσματα, καὶ τὴν μὲν κτίσιν παρὰ τῶν πλείστων οὐκ ἔτι προσκυνουμένην, τὸν δὲ ποιητὴν ἀντὶ ταύτης ὑμνούμενον. οὗ δὴ χάριν οὐκ ἔτι προφανῶς τὸν κατὰ τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ σωτῆρος ἡμῶν ἀνερρίπιζε πόλεμον, ἀλλ' ἄνδρας εὑρὼν τῆς μὲν Χριστιανικῆς προση 6 γορίας ἠξιωμένους, φιλοτιμίᾳ δὲ καὶ κενῇ δόξῃ δεδουλωμένους, ὄργανα τούτους τῶν οἰκείων ἀπέφηνε τεχνασμάτων· καὶ διὰ τούτων πολλοὺς εἰς τὴν προτέραν ἐπανήγαγε πλάνην, οὐ τὴν κτίσιν πάλιν προσκυνεῖσθαι παρασκευάσας, ἀλλὰ τὸν ποιητὴν καὶ δημιουργὸν συν ταχθῆναι τῇ κτίσει κατασκευάσας. ποῦ δὲ τὴν ἀρχὴν καὶ ὅπως ἔσπειρε τὰ ζιζάνια, ἐγὼ διηγήσομαι. Ἀλεξάνδρεια πόλις ἐστὶ μεγίστη καὶ πολυάνθρωπος, οὐκ Αἰγυ πτίων μόνον ἀλλὰ καὶ Θηβαίων καὶ Λιβύων τῶν πρὸς Αἴγυπτον τὴν ἡγεμονίαν πεπιστευμένη. ταύτης μετὰ Πέτρον ἐκεῖνον τὸν νικη φόρον ἀγωνιστήν, ὃς ἐπὶ τῶν δυσσεβῶν τυράννων τοῦ μαρτυρίου τὸν στέφανον ἀνεδήσατο, Ἀχιλλᾶς μὲν ὀλίγον χρόνον τὰ τῆς ἐκκλη σίας κατέσχε πηδάλια, μετὰ δὲ τοῦτον Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ γενναῖος τῶν εὐαγγελικῶν δογμάτων γενόμενος πρόμαχος. Κατὰ τοῦτον τὸν χρόνον Ἄρειος τῷ μὲν καταλόγῳ τῶν πρε σβυτέρων ἐντεταγμένος, τὴν δὲ τῶν θείων γραφῶν πεπιστευμένος ἐξήγησιν, ἰδὼν τὸν Ἀλέξανδρον τῆς ἀρχιερωσύνης ἐγχειρισθέντα τοὺς οἴακας, οὐκ ἤνεγκε τοῦ φθόνου τὴν προσβολήν, ἀλλ' ὑπὸ τούτου νυττόμενος ἀφορμὰς ἔριδος ἐπεζήτει καὶ μάχης. καὶ τὴν μὲν ἀξιέ παινον τοῦ ἀνδρὸς πολιτείαν θεώμενος οὐδὲ συκοφαντίαν ὑφαίνειν ἠδύνατο, ἡσυχίαν δὲ ὅμως ἄγειν αὐτὸν ὁ φθόνος ἐκώλυε. τοῦτον εὑρὼν ὁ τῆς ἀληθείας